Living heritage runs the risk of being lost forever, or frozen as a practice of the past, if not promoted in the community. The preservation of this history, its transmission to following generations, and its ability to transform and adapt to any circumstance, are all made possible by strengthening living heritage. Investigating the function of living heritage in advancing education for sustainable development has been deemed a crucial goal by quality education as Sustainable Development Goal number 4 (SDG 4). The aim of this article is to gather information on living heritage conservation toward creating a sustainability community by using the community-based education model on the communities’ attitudes, cultural knowledge, and awareness of the importance of living heritage, and their participation level towards living heritage conservation in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site. This study uses the quantitative method of online questionnaire survey technique to collect data. There are 392 respondents from the multicultural community of Melaka World Heritage Site, who randomly responded. Based on the mean comparison in gender, age level, and race, there is a positive significant relationship between the importance of living heritage and the local community’s participation level. The increasing of the participation level to ACTIVE would lead to a higher altitude, cultural knowledge, and awareness of the importance of living heritage in the local community.

Purpose: The building maintenance management becomes more complicated nowadays, with several sourcing strategies springing up for building maintenance work provisions. Various studies demonstrate that the selection factors and performance measurements are both essential aspects in determining and evaluating the sourcing strategy for building maintenance management. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between the selection factors and performance measurements of sourcing strategy. Design/methodology/approach: The paper targeted to evaluate and analyse the perceptions of the building maintenance practitioners regarding the degree of importance of selection factors and performance measurements. Through quantitative approach, the paper adopted stratified random sampling to distribute the questionnaires to the building maintenance practitioners operating in both private and government high-rise office buildings in Kuala Lumpur. Findings: The findings highlighted the quality factors as the most important selection group factors; meantime, the ability to fulfil client’s need and requirement as well as the ability to deliver the service with reasonable reliability and predictability are identically important performance measurements. There is a significant relationship between the selection factors and performance measurement of sourcing strategy. Originality/value: This paper provides an impetus research which uncovered the sourcing practices in the industry and guided the sourcing process in determining the appropriate sourcing strategy.

Sustainable development has received encouraging attention since the Rio Declaration on Environment andDevelopment was signed in 1992 Earth Summit. In Malaysia, the focus on sustainability in building,especially in devising policies has been spelled out in the government policies at national, state and locallevel. It can be considered that many efforts relating to sustainability in building project have beenimplemented in the country, however till now sustainability in Malaysian building projects are still remainwithout proven. It was revealed that most of the current frameworks of sustainability in the country are notequipped to handle sustainable building project. It is often encouraged environmental measure in most cases,yet the rest of measures are less promoted. To response to the issues, this study therefore aims to explore thesustainability principles of building through the review of relevant literatures. Content analysis is used toidentify the principles in the sustainability literature relevant to building projects. A theoretical framework ofsustainability principles of building was then formulated to be the main outcome of the study. Theframework consists of a list of 29 sustainability principles of building to be taken into account throughout theproject development process. The findings is very important to be a useful starting point for future study,especially for formulating a clear guide for the development of upcoming sustainable building projects to itsactual meaning.

Real Estate Investment Trusts or more commonly known as REITs is one of the investment tools that is renowned for the nature of low risk, low volatility, moderate returns, and high liquidity for investors. REITS invest primarily in real properties and tend to receive regular rental incomes from real properties owned and managed by the Trust. In most situations, it may be deemed as a stock by investors. However, the risk borne is lower and has less fluctuations in terms of market price of the stock. Moderate risk takers should consider REITS as one of the investments in their portfolio. REITS started emerging in many countries only recently. Since the successful of the performance of REITs in the United States, numerous countries started planning to enter the REITs regime. The United Kingdom was one of the recent countries to enter into the tax efficient REITs regime. This took place early in the year 2007. At the moment, it ranks fourth in terms of market capitalization based on the Global REITs report 2008. Malaysia, with a long history of Unit Trust Funds with some recently converting to REIT, has yet to achieve the size of UK-REITs. This research is to analyse the performance of six (6) selected REITs in both countries. Nevertheless, prior to the performance analysis, the mechanism as well as the legislation adopted in regulating the respective REITs regime is discussed. In addition, factors which contributed to the variance of performance of REITs are presented and further discussions are made based on the performance analysis done. The findings and analysis showed that the total revenue was the main factor affecting the performance for both the largest M-REITs and UK-REITs. Furthermore, has also demonstrated that for every billion increase in market capitalisation, the profit margins generated by the REITs will raise by approximately 9%. Keywords: REITs, Performance analysis, M-REITs, UK-REITs

Compulsory land purchase is a tool for the control of land uses as well as land acquisition for developmental projects by the public authorities (governments). The right of government to compulsorily acquire land for its physical project is domicile in relevant laws of different countries and the laws usually provide for compensation often in money terms to the land/property owners whose land were confiscated. This study focuses on the examination of the compensation process of some countries across the continent in a search for a global standard for uniformity. The paper adopted a content analysis of the provisions of compulsory land purchase laws of selected countries and literature review of some papers on compensation for compulsory land acquisition from different countries. It was found that there is no definition of adequate compensation in any of the public land acquisition law. Though, nomenclatures like Just, Fair, Equity and Equivalence appears in most statutes, the lack of globally acceptable definition of adequate compensation has resulted in the adoption of different basis for market value by valuers/appraisers for compensation. Some laws, like Nigeria Land Use Act of 1978, stipulate the methodology and identify what improvement qualifies for compensation. The study further revealed that Nigeria authorities always rely on government valuers’ estimate of compensation amount. The study recommend for a global standardised definition of adequate compensation and methodology for assessment of compensation similar to international financial reporting standard (IFRS) and international valuation standard (RICS Red Book) for other valuations. Such standard will be expected to be incorporated in the statutes on land purchase and compensation to create a global uniformity and sustainable valuation of compensation for land acquisition.