This scientific work presents practical and theoretical material on the methods of analysis and identification of betulin and its key derivatives. The properties of betulin and its derivatives, which are determined by the structural features of this class of compounds and their tendency to form dimers, polymorphism and isomerization, are considered. This article outlines ways to improve not only the bioavailability but also the solubility of triterpenoids, as well as any hydrophobic drug substances, through chemical transformations by introducing various functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, phosphate/phosphonate and carbonyl. The authors of this article summarized the physicochemical characteristics of betulin and its compounds, systematized the literature data on IR and NMR spectroscopy and gave the melting temperatures of key acids and aldehydes based on betulin.

An urgent problem of modern medicine is the problem of treatment of infected wounds, which is associated with the prevalence of wounds of various etiologies, purulent complications, high mortality, and high material costs of treatment. For the treatment of wounds most often used local effects of drugs, in particular, use a variety of coatings and dressings. Types of these dressings are quite diverse. They can be created on the basis of bioresorbable materials, contain other therapeutic substances such as enzymes, anesthetics, antibiotics in order to have a complex effect on the wound healing process. The choice of optimal local wound coatings or their effective combinations with physiotherapeutic methods of treatment of local superficial and deep wounds and prevention of wound infection remains an unsolved problem. In this regard, the creation of new wound healing preparations and wound coatings based on them seems to be very relevant. At the moment, there are many biologically active substances suitable for the therapy of wounds and burns. These substances can have a variety of origins - both synthetic and natural. Recently, the attention of specialists to drugs of natural origin is constantly growing. Interest in the use of such drugs is justified by their high efficiency, the lack of the need for complex synthesis, a wide range of pharmacological activity, as well as the possibility of using them for a long time without complications and side effects. The specific weight and volume of production of medicines obtained by synthetic transformations of substances extracted from wild and cultivated plants is increasing worldwide. Substances of plant origin are now increasingly being used in medical products for a wide range of purposes. One of such substances are derivatives of natural pentacyclic triterpenoid betulin extracted from birch bark. Betulin and its derivatives have high biological activity. This substance and its derivatives exhibit a complex of biologically active properties such as wound healing, antibacterial, antitumor, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, antiviral and others. Betulin, overcoming resistance, induces apoptosis of malignized cells in various human cancers. It should also be noted that sufficient raw material base and biological activity of betulin put it in a number of valuable natural sources for use both in the native state and in the form of various transformation products, which makes it relevant to develop drugs based on it.

Due to traumatic injuries, including those from surgical procedures, adhesions occur in over 50% of cases, necessitating exclusive surgical intervention for treatment. However, preventive measures can be implemented during abdominal organ surgeries. These measures involve creating a barrier around internal organs to forestall adhesion formation in the postoperative phase. Yet, the effectiveness of the artificial barrier relies on considerations of its biocompatibility and the avoidance of adverse effects on the body. This study explores the biocompatibility aspects, encompassing hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities, as well as the adhesion of blood serum proteins and macrophages to the surface of new composite film materials. The materials, derived from the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose modified by glycoluril and allantoin, were investigated. The research reveals that film materials with a heterocyclic fragment exhibit biocompatibility comparable to commercially used samples in surgery. Notably, film samples developed with glycoluril outperform the effects of commercial samples in certain aspects.