In recent years, international migration has changed considerably, improving our understanding of the diversity of migrants, something that until recently was viewed as a fixed pattern associated with the ethnic group in question. At the same time, in the international context, the importance and the need to recognize the rights of people with disabilities has grown. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a more detailed analysis of this phenomenon in Europe, from the perspective of superdiversity, which covers the different variables that come into play, as well as the responses to the diverse needs that are provided through the action protocols in host countries. To address the objective of this research, we present a critical review of the migration policies undertaken at the European level, methodologically approached using the causal inference model. Our findings show a lack of structure of social and professional intervention policies, at the international level, towards refugees with disabilities. We conclude by presenting a series of political guidelines that rely on scientific evidence to improve the lives of migrants with disabilities.

Migration and health are integral aspects of human nature that are high on global policy agendas. In this context, it is crucial to delve deeper into the study of migration as it relates to physical health in order to explore some dimensions in greater depth. The objectives of this study are as follows 1) To explore the perceptions of migrants, participants in the study, about their health. Focusing on aspects related to physical health, disabilities and access to health care services; 2) To identify and describe the distinctive features that characterise the migrant population participating in the study. This analysis is carried out using a qualitative methodology based on the Grounded Theory approach. We employ tools such as individual records and group interviews to collect data. The primary findings of this study reveal the presence of pathologies and disabilities, alongside deficiencies in accessing healthcare services. Additionally, the key characteristics of migrants in Spain are highlighted. In conclusion, this study underlines the importance of maintaining the study of physical health in the context of migration from different disciplines as a way of underpinning social interventions aimed at improving the situation of migrants in the field of social and health welfare.

Community Social Services constitute the primary level of intervention within Social Services systems and play a key role in assessing needs, planning interventions, and coordinating support in situations of vulnerability. The growing incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into professional practice has generated increasing debate regarding its implications, benefits, and ethical challenges. This study aims to analyse current scientific evidence on the application of AI in Community Social Services. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, examining high-impact academic publications that address AI implementation in Social Service contexts. The selected studies were analysed through thematic synthesis to identify recurring trends, tools, benefits, and challenges. The findings reveal a progressive integration of AI mainly as a decision-support tool, including predictive models, automation of administrative processes, and early risk detection systems. Reported benefits include improved efficiency, enhanced data systematisation, and reduced administrative burden. However, significant ethical concerns, such as algorithmic bias, data privacy risks, and potential dehumanisation of interventions, were also identified. Overall, AI is emerging as a complementary resource in Community Social Services, whose responsible and ethically grounded implementation is essential to ensure alignment with core Social Work values.

El conjunto social en España viene determinado por las personas mayores que constituyen la mayoría de la pirámide poblacional. Para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores es esencial un entorno amigable conocido como «Ciudades Inteligentes» en las que se gestiona eficientemente los recursos y la promoción de la sostenibilidad. La transformación de una sociedad tradicional en una «Ciudad Inteligente» requiere de Trabajo Social como agente de cambio, promoción de políticas públicas adecuadas y la aplicación del Protocolo de Vancouver. Desde este estudio se resalta la importancia del análisis de las actuaciones desde el Trabajo Social en materia de «Ciudades Inteligentes». Los resultados muestran algunas actuaciones de la Administración Pública y del Protocolo de Vancouver, comparando planes en diversas ciudades españolas como ejemplos de buenas prácticas. Se concluye que es necesaria la implementación de políticas sociales para adaptar las ciudades a las necesidades de sus habitantes como derecho social.

To address the needs of an increasingly ageing population, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has established the Age-Friendly Cities and Communities network. This initiative aims to support interested municipalities in promoting active ageing by improving environments and services from a municipal perspective. A notable example is the city of Jaén (Spain), a municipality in southern Spain with just over 100,000 inhabitants that is working to join this network. As part of this process, an assessment was carried out to identify the specific needs and demands of older people. The methodology used follows the recommendations of the WHO, using the guidelines of the Vancouver Protocol, which is based on a participatory approach and shared diagnosis. The study involved 132 informants, including older people, service providers, and carers of older people. Based on the Age-Friendly Cities (AFC), this study analyses the needs and demands of older people across its eight domains. While particular attention is given to social relationships and participation, the findings also highlight significant challenges related to the physical and built environment, especially public spaces and transportation. In terms of social relations, older people in Jaén show a strong sense of belonging, valuing the closeness of their social environment, especially their neighbourhood and family members. However, there are differences between districts, as well as some concern that this closeness may weaken in the future. In terms of participation in leisure activities, there is a demand for more attractive and accessible options. With regard to participation in associations or politics, the former is more common, although older people still consider it to be insufficient.