Aim: Clinical studies indicate that there is an association between high levels of thyroid autoantibodies and psychiatric disorders, independent of impairment of thyroid function. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between thyroid autoimmunity and mood disorders in euthyroid girls with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) in a case-control study. Material and methods: We recruited 82 participants: 41 pubertal female patients with thyroiditis from endocrine outpatient clinics and a control group of 41 healthy pubertal girls from the University Hospital. Age ranged from 12 to 18 years; the diagnosis of HT was based on high levels of anti-TPO and/or anti-Tg antibodies associated with a hypoechogenic or normal thyroid ultrasound pattern. Other comorbidities known to affect mental and physical health were exclusion factors. All participants underwent a complete thyroid evaluation, assays of serum-free T4, TSH, anti-TPO antibodies, anti-Tg antibodies, and thyroid ultrasonography. They were then referred to a child psychiatrist. A psychiatric diagnosis was made in two steps. First, the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) tests were implemented according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to be calculated. Second, the same psychiatrist conducted a K-SADS-PL semi-structured interview while unaware of the children’s data. Results: There was no significant difference in CDI score between patients with and without HT (p = 0.47). Patients with HT had significantly higher SCARED scores than patients without HT (p < 0.05). In the SCARED test, the subcategories of separation anxiety and social anxiety were significantly higher in the HT group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). During the K-SADS interview by the attending child psychiatrist, psychopathology diagnoses were detected in 27 of 41 patients (66%) with HT and in 8 of 41 individuals (19.5%) in the control group. Psychopathology was significantly higher in the HT group (p < 0.01). The incidences of depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia were significantly higher in the HT group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the anti-TPO value was the most significant independent risk factor for the presence of depressive disorder (p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study described severe psychometric impairment in patients with euthyroid HT. We have demonstrated that autoimmune thyroid diseases, even in a euthyroid state, are associated with psychiatric disorders.

ADHD,Heavy Metals,Cadmium,Mercury,Oxidant/Antioxidant Status,Smoking,Thiol

This study aimed to compare the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic parameters and left atrial (LA) mechanical functions of individuals engaging in recreational sports and resistance exercises on a weekly basis. A total of 43 male amateur athletes were included in this study, of which 24 performed resistance exercises (REs) (29.70 ± 8.74 year, weight: 81.70 ± 12.64 kg, height: 176.05 ± 7.73 cm, BMI: 27.64 ± 4.97 kg/m²), and 19 participated in recreational football training and were included in the recreational sports group (31.73 ± 6.82 year, weight: 86.00 ± 18.52 kg, height: 178.62 ± 4.95 cm, BMI: 25.55 ± 3.42 kg/m²). The exercises were standardized according to the weekly exercise frequency and volume. After recording the participants’ demographic information, the LV systolic and diastolic parameters and LA mechanical functions were measured using echocardiography (ECHO) and Tissue Doppler Imaging. Significant differences were observed in various cardiac parameters between the recreational sports group (REG) and resistance exercise Group (RSG). Specifically, the left ventricular (LV) diastolic diameter, LV end diastolic volume index (LVEDVi), and stroke volume index were notably higher in the REG compared to the RSG (t = 2.804, p = .010, effect size (ES) = 2.10; t = 3.174, p = .003, ES = 0.98; t = 3.36, p = .002, ES = 1.02, respectively). Notably, the RSG exhibited higher values for LV mass index (LVMi) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) than the REG (t = 2.843, p = .007, ES = 0.87; t = 2.517, p = .016, ES = 0.76) in terms of LV systolic and diastolic parameters. Regarding left atrial (LA) mechanics, the REG demonstrated increased LA total emptying volume index, LA maximum volume index, LA volume before systole measured at the onset of the p-wave index, and conduit volume index compared to RSG (t = 2.419, p = .020, ES = 0.75; t = 2.669, p = .011, ES = 0.81; t = 2.111, p = .041, ES = 0.64; t = 2.757, p = .009, ES = 0.84, respectively). Our study revealed significant variations in LV and LA functions between REG and RSG. Our data suggest that REs led to substantial cardiac remodeling, altering myocardial structure and function. In contrast, the effect of recreational exercise on cardiac adaptation was less pronounced than that of resistance exercise. Consequently, we propose that individuals engaging in recreational exercise should consider modalities that impose higher cardiovascular demand for more effective cardiac conditioning.

Bu görüntülü olgu sunumunda şüpheli genitalya ile başvuran 21-hidroksilaz eksikliğine bağlı konjenital adrenal hiperplazili 8 aylık bir bebek sunulmaktadır.

Gorham-Stout disease is a complex disease in which lytic lesions of bone tissue are accompanied by chylothorax and abdominal lymphangioma. The etiology is still unknown. The diagnosis is made by the patient’s clinical and laboratory findings and biopsy results. It may be fatal depending on the organs involved. Although many treatments have been described, successful results have been reported with interferon alpha 2b in recent years. We discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment of a 5-year-old female patient with osteolytic lesions in the bones after she was referred with chylothorax