The purpose of this article is to reflect on the sustainability of informal artisanal mining in the Peruvian Andean area until the year 2022. The research is basic and non-experimental in design and ex post facto in scope. The sample consisted of crime prevention statistics on socio-environmental conflict from guardianship institutions and a television program on mining. Our research procedure focused on gathering secondary information for a documentary review analysis based on past proven and disseminated facts. Informal artisanal mining is strengthened in the Peruvian Andean area due to the following influencing factors: support represented as the social license granted by communal assemblies; the flexibility of governmental management in relaxing compliance related to formalization and preventive laws regarding environmental protection; the resistance to formalization and the 50% increase in socio-environmental conflict; and the 25% increase in production costs related agricultural activities, which promotes the displacement towards mining activities. The environmental sustainability consequences are as follows: limited reconversion of agricultural land-use change in one-third of the communal territories at the headwaters of the basin, which generates the displacement of environmentally friendly economic activity, and a parallel positive action is the impossibility of modification or intervention affecting water surfaces and wetlands due to communal agreements that mining companies must respect during operation.

The purpose was to reflect on the sustainability of artisanal and informal mining in the Peruvian Andean zone by 2022. The type of research was basic, non-experimental design, ex post facto scope. The sample consisted of: statistics on crime prevention due to socio-environmental conflicts from the National Prosecutor's Office and the Ombudsman's Office, reports of interventions targeted at artisanal and informal miners. The procedure focused on gathering secondary information for a documentary review analysis that is based on proven and disseminated past facts. Artisanal and informal mining is strengthened in the Peruvian Andean zone by incidence and force: 1) the social license and agreements by community assembly, 2) the flexibility in compliance with the formalization, preventive and environmental protection laws, 3) the 50% increase in socio-environmental conflict due to mining activity, 4) a 25% progressive increase in the production costs of agricultural and livestock activities. The direct consequences on environmental sustainability are: 1) the delimited reconversion of the change in agricultural land use in a third of the communal territories in basin headwaters; 2) displacement of environmentally friendly economic activity by 20% in basin headwaters; 3) the impossibility of modification or intervention in water surfaces, bofedales by communal agreements.

The purpose was to describe and illustrate the characteristics that give sustainability to the use of the ecotourism microcircuit Hatun ñan orqupi Lamcama. The design is non-experimental, linked to the case study design. The sample was the closed circuit of ecotourism resources located in Llamcama’s town. The method applied was on-site with the satellite capture support for orientation, location of resources, and mapping of trails, added to assess the vulnerability of ecotourism resources, use of the interview technique. Sustainability focuses on: (a) organizing local tour operators, who could serve a maximum of 80 visitors a day and 400 visitors a week, at a ticket cost of 5 PEN per visitor, total revenue per week and month, will be: 2000 PEN and 8000 PEN respectively; (b) accessibility is good to moderate in high season, changing to low in rainy season; (c) the security in the transfer and internal route is high, the signaling exists; d) the resources are characterized by being geometric shapes or anthropomorphic or zoomorphic approximation in the relief, caused by the forces of rain and wind; added to cave formations.

El estudio describe el uso de la banca móvil en estudiantes universitarios de dos regiones del Perú, identificando las razones, hábitos de adopción, percepción de seguridad y frecuencia de uso. Se desarrolló bajo la investigación descriptivo, con diseño no experimental transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado a 130 estudiantes de Administración de dos universidades determinados mediante muestreo no probabilístico. Los resultados indican que el 77.7% utiliza banca móvil, siendo Yape y BCP Móvil las Apps más frecuentes. Las principales motivaciones fueron la facilidad de pago (75.2%) y la recepción de transferencias (52.5%). El 46.7% usa estas Apps desde hace más de dos años. La región centro presentó mayor adopción (87.5%) que la región sur (73.3%). Se concluye que la banca móvil está integrada en la vida financiera universitario, aunque persisten barreras tecnológicas y de confianza.