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Prof. Paweł Ogrodnik
Institute of Safety Engineering, The Main School of Fire Service, 52/54 Słowackiego St., 01-629 Warsaw, Poland

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 toxic elements
0 circular economy
0 Fire Safety Engineering
0 Recycling of ceramic and glass materials
0 Special concretes resistant to high temperatures

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Journal article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Energies
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The article investigated the possibility of reusing heat resistant glass cullet to improve the mechanical properties of high-temperature composites. This is an excellent recycled aggregate that may be used as a substitute for alumina cement, and for fine natural aggregate in the production of concrete based on hydraulic binder. The experimental programme comprised of strength testing conducted on 40 × 40 × 160 mm cuboidal samples. The model mixture was modified by filler that comprised glass recyclate, amounting to 5%, 10%, and 15% of the mass of gravel and cement. Given the degree of glass grounding, use was made of two fractions, 0/4 and 0/0.125 mm. Six modified mixtures were produced. Tests were then carried out on their selected physical and mechanical properties as well as the impact of temperature, topography, and chemical composition exerted on the composite. Next, the progress and development of compressive strength and flexural strength after 14 and 28 days of curing were studied. Results showed that concrete with a 5% content of glass dust had a maximum compressive strength at the level of 85.1 MPa. Results also showed that concrete (Zk.I.5) heated at a temperature of 500 °C had a 46% higher compressive strength when compared to basic concrete (Z.I.0). The results show that it is possible to use the described components to obtain a composite that meets requirements imposed on structural materials used in construction engineering.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej; Mariusz Pecio. Glass Cullet as Additive to New Sustainable Composites Based on Alumina Binder. Energies 2021, 14, 3423 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Powęzka, Paweł Ogrodnik, Jacek Szulej, Mariusz Pecio. Glass Cullet as Additive to New Sustainable Composites Based on Alumina Binder. Energies. 2021; 14 (12):3423.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej; Mariusz Pecio. 2021. "Glass Cullet as Additive to New Sustainable Composites Based on Alumina Binder." Energies 14, no. 12: 3423.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2020 in Materials
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Concrete is the most commonly used structural material, without which modern construction could not function. It is a material with a high potential to adapt to specific operating conditions. The use of this potential is made by its material modification. The aim of the performed investigations was the assessment of rational application possibilities of fly ashes from thermally conversed municipal sewage sludge as an alternative concrete admixture. A concrete mix was designed, based on the Portland cement CEM I 42.5R and containing various quantity of ash, amounting to 0–25% of cement mass. The samples were conditioned and heated in a furnace at the temperature of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C. Physical and chemical properties of the ashes as well as utility properties of the concrete, i.e., density, compressive strength after 28, 56, and 90 days of maturation, frost resistance, and compressive strength in high temperature were determined. The tests were performed at cubic samples with 10 cm edge. The replacement of a determined cement quantity by the fly ashes enables obtaining a concrete composite having good strength parameters. The concrete modified by the fly ashes constituting 20% of the cement mass achieved its average compressive strength after 28 days of maturation equal to 50.12 MPa, after 56 days 50.61 MPa and after 90 days 50.80 MPa. The temperature growth weakens the composite structure. The obtained results confirm the possibility of waste recycling in the form of fly ashes as a cement substitute in concrete manufacturing.

ACS Style

Gabriela Rutkowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Joanna Fronczyk; Ayla Bilgin. Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters. Materials 2020, 13, 5259 .

AMA Style

Gabriela Rutkowska, Paweł Ogrodnik, Joanna Fronczyk, Ayla Bilgin. Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters. Materials. 2020; 13 (22):5259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriela Rutkowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Joanna Fronczyk; Ayla Bilgin. 2020. "Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters." Materials 13, no. 22: 5259.

Journal article
Published: 05 October 2020 in Materials
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The article describes the possibility of using waste glass cullet as an alternative aggregate for the production of cement composites. Three concrete mixes based on Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R with different contents of recyclate were designed. Borosilicate glass cullet was introduced into the batch by reducing the content of natural aggregate by 0%, 2.5% and 7.5%. Apparent density, water absorption and compressive strength at elevated temperature were measured. The temperature distribution, in cubic samples, was followed by thermocouples. The elements were heated in a special furnace at the temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C. The composite topography and phase composition were observed using X-ray energy scattering electron microscopy. The results show that the appropriate modification of the cement composite with 2.5% heat-resistant glass cullet improves both the thermal and mechanical properties. Compressive strength reaches an average value of 48.6 MPa after 28 days. The increase in temperature weakens the structure of the composite. It was found that the obtained cement composite has good physico–chemical properties. The research results are presented in the article.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. Reuse of Heat Resistant Glass Cullet in Cement Composites Subjected to Thermal Load. Materials 2020, 13, 4434 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Powęzka, Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik. Reuse of Heat Resistant Glass Cullet in Cement Composites Subjected to Thermal Load. Materials. 2020; 13 (19):4434.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2020. "Reuse of Heat Resistant Glass Cullet in Cement Composites Subjected to Thermal Load." Materials 13, no. 19: 4434.

Original paper
Published: 08 September 2020 in Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
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During processing and transport, the ceramic industry generates big amounts of waste. In order to limit the number of landfills and to minimise consequences of such waste that is clearly noxious for the environment, this industry remains under great pressure to find effective recycling methods for its waste and by-products. What is more, given the limited resources of traditional aggregate, energy savings and protection of the environment, the construction industry is seeking for new sources of aggregate. For this reason, ceramic waste is increasingly frequently used as coarse and fine aggregate, both in mortars and in concrete mixtures. The goal of studies presented in the paper was to analyse the impact of recycled ceramic aggregate on the frost and salt spray resistance of stucco mortar used in the construction industry. Mortar recipes also contained admixtures that modify properties of the mixture and of the hardened product, such as copolymer of vinyl acetate and methylcellulose with a hydrophobic admixture. Elementary testing was performed related to mechanical and physical parameters of mortars. Among others tests were carried out of compressive strength and flexural strength, a determination was made of density, open and total porosity, absorbability, resistance to salt spray corrosion and frost resistance after 25 freeze–thaw cycles of samples. Replacement of sand by recycled ceramic aggregate causes a change in physical parameters of mortars. It has a positive impact on strength parameters of mortars with concurrent reduction in absorbability and capillary action. Testing of mortar with the addition of ceramic aggregate has proved better frost resistance and resistance to salt crystallisation as compared to mortar to which sand had been added. Graphic abstract

ACS Style

Beata Klimek; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. The effect of replacing sand with aggregate from sanitary ceramic waste on the durability of stucco mortars. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2020, 22, 1929 -1941.

AMA Style

Beata Klimek, Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik. The effect of replacing sand with aggregate from sanitary ceramic waste on the durability of stucco mortars. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; 22 (9):1929-1941.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beata Klimek; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2020. "The effect of replacing sand with aggregate from sanitary ceramic waste on the durability of stucco mortars." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 22, no. 9: 1929-1941.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2020 in Materials
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The article presents results obtained during testing of concrete based on CEM I 42.5R Portland cement, fine and coarse aggregate, glass, volatile ash, and superplastifier. The concrete mixture was modified using filler consisting of bromosilicate heat resistant cullet. Recycled aggregate was added to the batch. Samples for the need of testing were produced as (100 × 100 × 100) mm cubes. Before commencing proper tests, samples have been heated within the temperature range of 20–800 °C. Tests carried out during the proper testing procedure included tests of compressive strength, elevated temperature, impact strength, as well as macroscopic tests of the contact area. The obtained test results have provided proof of there being a possibility of producing special concrete, modified by products obtained from heat resistant cullet. This type of is generally characterized by satisfactory performance parameters. The average compressive strength for concrete modified by a 10% of heat resistant cullet was determined as 43.6 MPa and 48.3 MPa respectively after 28 and 180 days of curing.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. Effect of High Temperatures on the Impact Strength of Concrete Based on Recycled Aggregate Made of Heat-Resistant Cullet. Materials 2020, 13, 465 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Powęzka, Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik. Effect of High Temperatures on the Impact Strength of Concrete Based on Recycled Aggregate Made of Heat-Resistant Cullet. Materials. 2020; 13 (2):465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2020. "Effect of High Temperatures on the Impact Strength of Concrete Based on Recycled Aggregate Made of Heat-Resistant Cullet." Materials 13, no. 2: 465.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2019 in Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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Concrete is an extremely important factor for shaping today’s infrastructure. However, it must be replaced or repaired over time. The various methods used to remove, repair or change existing concrete structures into new ones can globally release large amounts of dust into the air. Taking into...

ACS Style

Magdalena Penkała; Paweł Ogrodnik; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Silica Dust as an Additive in Concrete with Proven Impact on Human Health. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2019, 28, 4057 -4071.

AMA Style

Magdalena Penkała, Paweł Ogrodnik, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Silica Dust as an Additive in Concrete with Proven Impact on Human Health. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2019; 28 (6):4057-4071.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Penkała; Paweł Ogrodnik; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. 2019. "Silica Dust as an Additive in Concrete with Proven Impact on Human Health." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 28, no. 6: 4057-4071.

Journal article
Published: 25 March 2019 in Sustainability
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The article presents the results of research on the use of ceramic ware waste as aggregate in concrete production. Four concrete mixtures with aluminous cement were prepared, each with a different admixture of clinoptilolite. The only used aggregate was crushed waste ceramic sanitary ware obtained from a Polish sanitary fixture production plant. As part of the studies, a compressive test of cubic samples at different curing times ranging from 7 to 90 days was performed. Prior to the preparation of the samples, a sieve analysis and an elemental analysis of the obtained aggregate were conducted. In the framework of the testing, the bimodal distribution of clinoptilolite grains was determined, as well as its chemical composition. The conducted compressive tests demonstrated high strength of concrete containing ceramic aggregate and aluminous cement with an addition of clinoptilolite. In order to determine the impact that adding zeolite exerts on the phase composition and the structure of concrete samples, an analysis of the phase composition (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy examination (SEM) were performed. Furthermore, tests of abrasion, water penetration under pressure and frost resistance were conducted, determining particular properties of the designed mixtures. The abrasion tests have confirmed that the mixtures are highly abrasion-resistant and can be used as a topcoat concrete layer. The conducted tests of selected properties have confirmed the possibility of using waste ceramic cullet and a mineral addition of clinoptilolite in concrete production.

ACS Style

Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik; Beata Klimek. Zeolite Tuff and Recycled Ceramic Sanitary Ware Aggregate in Production of Concrete. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1782 .

AMA Style

Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik, Beata Klimek. Zeolite Tuff and Recycled Ceramic Sanitary Ware Aggregate in Production of Concrete. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik; Beata Klimek. 2019. "Zeolite Tuff and Recycled Ceramic Sanitary Ware Aggregate in Production of Concrete." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1782.

Conference paper
Published: 23 January 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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In the article is presented the method ofutilization of ceramic waste by using it as special concrete aggregate for special high temperature resistant concentrates. The research was performed on six empirically designed concrete mixtures of three on aluminous cement with simultaneous aerification with using air entraining admixture respectively at 0, 5 and 10%. In order to compare the results, three Portland cement concrete mixes were prepared which had exactly the same aerification of the mixture. All types of samples were made using recyclable aggregates of sanitary ceramics selected and crushed to 0-4 mm and 4-8 mm. This particular type of aggregate, as proved in previous authors' workshowed very favorable features in terms of the influence for thermal loads. Selected samples were subjected to a thermal treatment according to the standard curve "temperature-time" for 120 minutes until the furnace chamber temperature reached approximately 1050°C. With interative concrete mixture method design, assuming that the mixture substrates were limited to the commonly used cements and the appropriate amount of air entraining admixture, there were received tight concrete with high strength parameters, which also demonstrates resistance explosive concrete particles' chipping off under conditions of high temperatures.

ACS Style

P Ogrodnik; J Szulej. Utilization of ceramic waste by using it as special concrete aggregate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019, 214, 012064 .

AMA Style

P Ogrodnik, J Szulej. Utilization of ceramic waste by using it as special concrete aggregate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 214 (1):012064.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P Ogrodnik; J Szulej. 2019. "Utilization of ceramic waste by using it as special concrete aggregate." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 214, no. 1: 012064.

Conference paper
Published: 10 December 2018 in MATEC Web of Conferences
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The ready-mixed concrete is subject to certification in accordance with the compliance system 2+. Manufacturers of concrete are required to implement factory production control and then to certify concrete, which is subject to the national mark B. The paper presents the results of strength tests of C 40/50 concrete samples. Designed according to the 23M SCC recipe, concrete has been used in the production of freight scales. The samples were subjected to "in situ" tests. As a method of quality control, a non-destructive test method for concrete strength has been proposed. A sclerometer (Schmidt type N hammer) was used for the tests. The research used a dynamic method of measurement by evaluating the change in the energy of the beater after rebounding from a given surface. Normal cubes with dimensions 15x15x15 cm were used for the tests. Concrete testing was carried out after the 28th day of care in accordance with the requirements of PN-EN 2390-2:2001. Based on the analysis, conclusions from the tests were formulated. The compression strength class was determined and the conformity of the hardened concrete with the parameters declared by the manufacturer was controlled. The evaluation was carried out using methods B and C for continuous production. CUSUM cumulative sum control cards and Shewhart control cards were used.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Mateusz Banaś; Paweł Ogrodnik. Checking the compatibility of embedded concrete for the production of prefabricated freight scales with the parameters declared by the supplier. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 247, 00015 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Powęzka, Mateusz Banaś, Paweł Ogrodnik. Checking the compatibility of embedded concrete for the production of prefabricated freight scales with the parameters declared by the supplier. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 247 ():00015.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Powęzka; Mateusz Banaś; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2018. "Checking the compatibility of embedded concrete for the production of prefabricated freight scales with the parameters declared by the supplier." MATEC Web of Conferences 247, no. : 00015.

Conference paper
Published: 26 November 2018 in SHS Web of Conferences
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The article presents the results of bond tests of B500SP structural steel to concretes subjected to thermal stress. Concretes were designed purely on the basis on waste aggregate made of soft clay pottery with using two types of cements: Portland CEM 32.5R and aluminous cement Górkal 70. In the research was used the method of direct pulling the steel rod out of the concrete cover (Pullout Test). For the tests were prepared four types of concretes: two bases of aluminous cement and two on Portland cement without additions. In the remaining mixtures containing the additive in the form of clinoptilolite, the method of simple weight replacement of the selected type of cement with clinoptilolite in the amount of 10% was used. Mineral puzzolana additives are intended to modify the phase composition of hardened cement slurry towards reducing the portlandite and changing the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the C-S-H phase. The results of the tests confirmed that the bond of the selected steel type to concrete on the recycle aggregate does not differ from the results achieved with natural aggregate. It was also confirmed that addition of clinoptilolite to concrete with Portland cement has beneficial effect when it is subjected to thermal stress.

ACS Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej. Structural steel bond to concrete with waste aggregate. SHS Web of Conferences 2018, 57, 02007 .

AMA Style

Paweł Ogrodnik, Jacek Szulej. Structural steel bond to concrete with waste aggregate. SHS Web of Conferences. 2018; 57 ():02007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej. 2018. "Structural steel bond to concrete with waste aggregate." SHS Web of Conferences 57, no. : 02007.

Conference paper
Published: 30 July 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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Based on literature data, the percentage contribution of road traffic to concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and PM-bound elements, separately for PM2.5-10 and PM10-100 fractions were assessed. The data on the PM2.5-10 and PM10-100 concentrations examined simultaneously at two locations (the 1st outside the direct impact of the road emission; the 2nd next to a crossroads or highway) were used in the analysis. There were clear differences in the concentrations of PM and its components between these locations (a crossroads vs. background; highway vs. background). Both PM concentrations and concentrations of the majority of the PM2.5-10- and PM10-100-bound elements had higher values in the traffic site. The percentage increase of PM concentrations was in the range from 25 (PM2.5-10; highway) to 606% (PM10-100; crossroads). The highest percentage increase in the concentration of elements was noted at the crossroads, where concentrations of PM10-100-bound Si, Sc, Fe and Pb were 12, 22, 25 and 71 times higher than at the urban background site, respectively. The measurable results of this paper are elemental profiles of two coarse fractions of PM in the vicinity of the road and crossroads and at sites far apart from the big road traffic sources. The collected information can be an important source of knowledge in identifying the origin of PM in the receptor.

ACS Style

Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Karolina Kuskowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Magdalena Penkała. Traffic-generated changes in the elemental profile of urban coarse dust at a highway and crossroads. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 45, 00074 .

AMA Style

Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Karolina Kuskowska, Paweł Ogrodnik, Magdalena Penkała. Traffic-generated changes in the elemental profile of urban coarse dust at a highway and crossroads. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 45 ():00074.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Karolina Kuskowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Magdalena Penkała. 2018. "Traffic-generated changes in the elemental profile of urban coarse dust at a highway and crossroads." E3S Web of Conferences 45, no. : 00074.

Conference paper
Published: 30 July 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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In the paper it was decided to recognize the material characteristics of concrete based on ceramic aggregate, aluminous cement with the addition of zeolite (5%, 10%, 15%) and air entraining admixture. Aggregate crushed to 2 fractions was used for designing the concrete mix : 0-4 mm, and 4-8 mm. The research involved the use of clinoptilolite derived from the zeolite tuff deposit at Sokyrnytsya (Transcarpathia, Ukraine). The dominant component in the zeolite is clinoptilolite in an amount of about 75%. The research carried out by the authors showed that the addition of zeolite, among others, increases the compressive strength of concrete, significantly improves the frost resistance, which in the case of using only aluminous cement is very low. The obtained results confirm the possibility of using the above-mentioned components, which improve the concrete material properties and are environmentally friendly.

ACS Style

Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. The effect of zeolite addition on parameters of concrete containing recycled ceramic aggregate. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 45, 00116 .

AMA Style

Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik. The effect of zeolite addition on parameters of concrete containing recycled ceramic aggregate. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 45 ():00116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacek Szulej; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2018. "The effect of zeolite addition on parameters of concrete containing recycled ceramic aggregate." E3S Web of Conferences 45, no. : 00116.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2018 in Materials
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This article presents the results of research on the wastes of sanitary ceramics as an aggregate to concretes. The case of high temperature load was taken into account. Six concrete mixes were designed on Portland and calcium aluminate cement with various content of aerating admixture. Only the ground waste ceramics were used as an aggregate from one of the Polish sanitary ceramics plants. The abrasion test by Boehme blade of the designed concrete was conducted within the frame of study and compression strength tests on the cylindrical samples were performed as well. Some samples were initially annealed at 400 or 800 °C prior to strength tests. In order to determine the impact of annealing on the phase content and the concrete sample structure, the analyses on phase content (XRD—X-ray diffraction) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted. The tests on compression strength demonstrated that there is considerable resistance of concrete containing ceramic aggregate and calcium aluminate cement to high temperatures. Abrasion tests confirmed that selected mixes have a high resistance to abrasion and they can be applied as a concrete coating. The possibility of ceramic cullet use as an aggregate to special concretes has been confirmed by the conducted research on specific features. Taking into consideration the available literature, the article presents widely conducted research in the area of the internal structure of concrete designed on the basis of recycled ceramic aggregate, the phase content of individual components, and basic mechanical tests both in normal temperatures and under thermal stress.

ACS Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej; Wojciech Franus. The Wastes of Sanitary Ceramics as Recycling Aggregate to Special Concretes. Materials 2018, 11, 1275 .

AMA Style

Paweł Ogrodnik, Jacek Szulej, Wojciech Franus. The Wastes of Sanitary Ceramics as Recycling Aggregate to Special Concretes. Materials. 2018; 11 (8):1275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej; Wojciech Franus. 2018. "The Wastes of Sanitary Ceramics as Recycling Aggregate to Special Concretes." Materials 11, no. 8: 1275.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2018 in Applied Sciences
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This article presents the possibilities of using soft clay pottery waste as concrete aggregate. There is shown a new approach of complete exchange natural aggregate in concrete with recycled aggregate, i.e., crushed ceramic of two fractions 0–4 and 4–8 mm. Basic characteristics of aggregate were evaluated, i.e., phase composition and crush strength. Drawing on past experiences, two concrete mixes were designed that were based on Portland cement 32.5 R used for ordinary concrete and aluminous Górkal 70, which is characterized by high initial strength and the fact that Al2O3 is the binding factor. The prepared concrete samples were subjected to maintenance for the next 28 days, and then tests started. A series of tests were performed on the properties of concrete obtained, including a compressive strength and bending strength, an abrasion resistance, frost resistance, water absorption, depth of penetration of water under pressure, and bulk density of concrete. The research confirmed assumptions that it is possible to completely replace the natural aggregate with aggregate made of soft clay pottery waste. Both designed concretes showed high compressive and bending strength, as well as low absorbability and abrasiveness. It was also found that soaking in water, as well as its duration, adversely affects the strength properties of the designed concretes. Regarding concrete based on Portland cement, it was also demonstrated that the concrete has a high frost resistance and resistance to penetration of water under pressure.

ACS Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej. The Assessment of Possibility of Using Sanitary Ceramic Waste as Concrete Aggregate—Determination of the Basic Material Characteristics. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1205 .

AMA Style

Paweł Ogrodnik, Jacek Szulej. The Assessment of Possibility of Using Sanitary Ceramic Waste as Concrete Aggregate—Determination of the Basic Material Characteristics. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (7):1205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Jacek Szulej. 2018. "The Assessment of Possibility of Using Sanitary Ceramic Waste as Concrete Aggregate—Determination of the Basic Material Characteristics." Applied Sciences 8, no. 7: 1205.

Journal article
Published: 14 July 2018 in Materials
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The paper presents an analysis of the possibility of using glass waste from worn out lighting materials as an aggregate for a polymer concrete. Glass waste was obtained from the company utilizing glass lighting elements, which was then subjected to crushing. The aggregate obtained was subjected to the tests of basic features, which were compared with aggregates that are traditionally applied to concretes. The next stage of the research program was the production of a polymer concrete that contained glass aggregate. Several types of mixtures were prepared in which glass waste was combined in various proportions with traditional sand–gravel aggregate. As a part of the research, the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of polymer concretes were determined. The microstructure of composites was also analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The results of the research have shown that the aggregate obtained from glass waste can be successfully used for the production of a polymer concrete. The most beneficial physico-mechanical properties were obtained for a composite in which glass waste was used as a 50% substitute for traditional aggregate.

ACS Style

Bartosz Zegardło; Maciej Szeląg; Paweł Ogrodnik; Antoni Bombik. Physico-Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Polymer Concrete with Recycled Glass Aggregate. Materials 2018, 11, 1213 .

AMA Style

Bartosz Zegardło, Maciej Szeląg, Paweł Ogrodnik, Antoni Bombik. Physico-Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Polymer Concrete with Recycled Glass Aggregate. Materials. 2018; 11 (7):1213.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bartosz Zegardło; Maciej Szeląg; Paweł Ogrodnik; Antoni Bombik. 2018. "Physico-Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Polymer Concrete with Recycled Glass Aggregate." Materials 11, no. 7: 1213.

Journal article
Published: 24 June 2018 in Recycling
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The aim of the work is to carry out tests analyzing the effectiveness of introducing pores to concrete on eliminating explosive spalling of concrete in fire conditions. A fireproof concrete is designed, which contains aluminum cement and aggregate obtained from waste sanitary ware. A Microporan aerating agent is used to modify the concrete features. The tests are carried out on cubic samples with nominal dimensions 10 × 10 × 10 cm and cylindrical dimensions 10 × 20 cm. Three batches of test samples are prepared, with different levels of aeration of the concrete mixture, i.e., without an aeration agent, with 0.5% and a 1% amount of aeration admixture weighted relative to the amount of cement used. Samples of all batches are divided into two series and conditioned in two types of environments with different humidity levels: dry and humid. The article presents the results of strength tests of concrete samples that are subjected to high temperatures similar to the temperatures occurring in the fire environment. The process of heating the samples proceeds according to the standard curve showing the temperature rise during the standard fire. The soaking temperature is in the range of 20 to 1000 °C. After baking in the oven, the samples are tested on a strength machine. The authors carry out only pilot studies. Only results from destructive tests of compressive strength of a refractory concrete composite are presented. The simulation station for the fire impact is the PK-1100/5 high-temperature chamber furnace together with the control system and a computer station with temperature monitoring software. Samples are loaded with increasing temperatures, according to the “temperature–time” standard curve. The compressive strength test is used as a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of the aeration agent. Strength tests are carried out both on unheated and soaked conditions in different environments. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests that allow for the authors to determine the characteristics of the material being tested. The empirical data include, among others, testing of selected physical properties (water absorption of concrete) and mechanical properties (measurements of compressive strength before and after thermal load). Based on the results obtained, conclusions from the tests are formulated. The proposed considerations show that the modification of the composite by aeration is an effective preventive measure in relation to the phenomenon of explosive concrete spalling.

ACS Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Aleksandra Powęzka; Bartosz Zegardło. Modification of Refractory Concretes with Aeration Agents as a Method of Protection against the Phenomenon of Spalling. Recycling 2018, 3, 30 .

AMA Style

Paweł Ogrodnik, Aleksandra Powęzka, Bartosz Zegardło. Modification of Refractory Concretes with Aeration Agents as a Method of Protection against the Phenomenon of Spalling. Recycling. 2018; 3 (3):30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Ogrodnik; Aleksandra Powęzka; Bartosz Zegardło. 2018. "Modification of Refractory Concretes with Aeration Agents as a Method of Protection against the Phenomenon of Spalling." Recycling 3, no. 3: 30.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Construction and Building Materials
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ACS Style

Bartosz Zegardlo; Maciej Szeląg; Paweł Ogrodnik. Concrete resistant to spalling made with recycled aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes – The effect of moisture and porosity on destructive processes occurring in fire conditions. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 173, 58 -68.

AMA Style

Bartosz Zegardlo, Maciej Szeląg, Paweł Ogrodnik. Concrete resistant to spalling made with recycled aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes – The effect of moisture and porosity on destructive processes occurring in fire conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 173 ():58-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bartosz Zegardlo; Maciej Szeląg; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2018. "Concrete resistant to spalling made with recycled aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes – The effect of moisture and porosity on destructive processes occurring in fire conditions." Construction and Building Materials 173, no. : 58-68.

Conference paper
Published: 10 January 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The paper presents selected preliminary stage key issues proposed extended equivalence measurement results assessment for new portable devices - the comparability PM10 concentration results hourly series with reference station measurement results with statistical methods. In article presented new portable meters technical aspects. The emphasis was placed on the comparability the results using the stochastic and exploratory methods methodology concept. The concept is based on notice that results series simple comparability in the time domain is insufficient. The comparison of regularity should be done in three complementary fields of statistical modeling: time, frequency and space. The proposal is based on model’s results of five annual series measurement results new mobile devices and WIOS (Provincial Environmental Protection Inspectorate) reference station located in Nowy Sacz city. The obtained results indicate both the comparison methodology completeness and the high correspondence obtained new measurements results devices with reference.

ACS Style

Piotr Oskar Czechowski; Tomasz Owczarek; Artur Badyda; Grzegorz Majewski; Mariusz Rogulski; Paweł Ogrodnik. Preliminary comparative assessment of PM10 hourly measurement results from new monitoring stations type using stochastic and exploratory methodology and models. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 28, 1010 .

AMA Style

Piotr Oskar Czechowski, Tomasz Owczarek, Artur Badyda, Grzegorz Majewski, Mariusz Rogulski, Paweł Ogrodnik. Preliminary comparative assessment of PM10 hourly measurement results from new monitoring stations type using stochastic and exploratory methodology and models. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 28 ():1010.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Oskar Czechowski; Tomasz Owczarek; Artur Badyda; Grzegorz Majewski; Mariusz Rogulski; Paweł Ogrodnik. 2018. "Preliminary comparative assessment of PM10 hourly measurement results from new monitoring stations type using stochastic and exploratory methodology and models." E3S Web of Conferences 28, no. : 1010.

Review
Published: 07 January 2018 in Environments
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Along with house heating and industry, emissions from road traffic (exhaust and tire, brake, car body or road surface abrasions) are one of the primary sources of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere in urban areas. Though numerous regulations and vehicle-control mechanisms have led to a significant decline of PM emissions from vehicle exhaust gases, other sources of PM remain related to road and car abrasion are responsible for non-exhaust emissions. Quantifying these emissions is a hard problem in both laboratory and field conditions. First, we must recognize the physicochemical properties of the PM that is emitted by various non-exhaust sources. In this paper, we underline the problem of information accessibility with regards to the properties and qualities of PM from non-exhaust sources. We also indicate why scarce information is available in order to find the possible solution to this ongoing issue.

ACS Style

Magdalena Penkała; Paweł Ogrodnik; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Particulate Matter from the Road Surface Abrasion as a Problem of Non-Exhaust Emission Control. Environments 2018, 5, 9 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Penkała, Paweł Ogrodnik, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Particulate Matter from the Road Surface Abrasion as a Problem of Non-Exhaust Emission Control. Environments. 2018; 5 (1):9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Penkała; Paweł Ogrodnik; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. 2018. "Particulate Matter from the Road Surface Abrasion as a Problem of Non-Exhaust Emission Control." Environments 5, no. 1: 9.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2018 in PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY
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ACS Style

Paweł Ogrodnik. Wykorzystanie odpadowych materiałów ceramicznych oraz żywic poliestrowych do wytwarzania kompozytów syntetycznych o cechach betonów konstrukcyjnych stosowanych w budownictwie. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 2018, 1, 146 -150.

AMA Style

Paweł Ogrodnik. Wykorzystanie odpadowych materiałów ceramicznych oraz żywic poliestrowych do wytwarzania kompozytów syntetycznych o cechach betonów konstrukcyjnych stosowanych w budownictwie. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY. 2018; 1 (1):146-150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Ogrodnik. 2018. "Wykorzystanie odpadowych materiałów ceramicznych oraz żywic poliestrowych do wytwarzania kompozytów syntetycznych o cechach betonów konstrukcyjnych stosowanych w budownictwie." PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 1, no. 1: 146-150.