Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been shown to inhibit pyroptosis and apoptosis, which play important roles in the development and progression of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated the potential effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on the prevalence of CI-AKI after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to determine whether PCSK9 inhibitors are associated with the prevalence of CI-AKI. The medical records of 309 (mean age, 63.35 years; 71.84% male) patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent PCI at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Overall, 149 and 160 patients were assigned to the evolocumab and control groups, respectively. Serum creatinine levels were examined preoperatively and 24–72 h postoperatively and compared between groups. Data were grouped according to the occurrence of CI-AKI, and a univariate analysis was conducted to exclude suspected influencing factors that led to CI-AKI occurrence. After adjusting for confounding factors, a logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between evolocumab administration (independent variable) and CI-AKI occurrence (dependent variable). The prevalence of CI-AKI was significantly lower in the evolocumab group (6.7%) than in the control group (20.0%; ). We further evaluated the correlation between exposure factor and outcome. The relative risk(RR) between the use of evolocumab and the occurrence of CI-AKI was 0.34(95% CI 0.17-0.66,p<0.01).This result indicate a significant association between the use of evolocumab and a reduction in the incidence of CI-AKI.The logistic regression analysis results revealed that evolocumab was significantly associated with CI-AKI. The use of PCSK9 inhibitors, hydration therapy, and statin administration appears promising for preventing CI-AKI in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI.

As an electro-optic signal modulation device, the Mach–Zehnder (MZ) electro-optic modulator has potential applications in electrocardiogram (ECG) weak signal modulation. We propose a hybrid silicon/polymer asymmetric MZ electro-optic modulator that has the advantages of low half-wave voltages and low loss. The proposed modulator functions in the 1550 nm band, and it is mainly composed of two 3 dB multimode interference couplers, a bent waveguide, a modulation waveguide and a phase shifter. The loss of the multimode interference coupler is -0.43 dB at a device size of 4 μm × 19.3 μm. The core device size is 160 μm × 700 μm. The initial working state of the modulator is in the linear region, which can directly realize the linear modulation of voltage. Under the simulation condition of γ ₃₃ =18.3 pm/V, the results show that the modulator has a low loss of -3.4 dB and a low half-wave voltage amplitude of 3.0 V.

Accurate monitoring of the blood glucose concentration is critically important for the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of diabetes. In this paper， an optical blood glucose sensing method is proposed on the basis of silicon-based waveguide Bragg grating (WBG). This method involves the reaction between glucose oxidase fixed on the cladding of the waveguide and glucose, which causes a local refractive index change, resulting in a shift in the WBG reflection center wavelength, enabling the quantitative detection of blood glucose concentration. Nevertheless, during measurement, optical blood glucose sensors are susceptible to spectral drifts caused by environmental temperature variations, leading to a decrease in sensing accuracy. To address this issue, a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) WBG sensor for glucose concentration measurement is proposed and implemented. Two types of WBG blood glucose sensors, namely, bilateral and slit sensors, are designed, incorporating an athermalization design to enhance system stability and environmental robustness. By employing a compensating material with a negative thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) and optimizing various waveguide structural parameters, temperature-induced drift is effectively suppressed, which enables the design of bilateral and slit WBG glucose sensors with both glucose sensing and temperature compensation capabilities. The experimental results show that the bilateral WBG glucose sensor exhibits a refractive index sensitivity of 161 nm/refractive index unit (RIU) and a temperature sensitivity of 7.27 pm/°C within a glucose concentration range of 0–2.6 mg/mL. The slit WBG glucose sensor has a refractive index sensitivity of 242.3 nm/RIU and a temperature sensitivity of 2.37 pm/°C within the 0–2.8 mg/mL glucose concentration range.