The coronavirus pandemic has spread all over the world, affecting both the health and economic sectors. The aim of this research was to observe stock prices of customer goods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using event study and the comparison test. The sample included data of daily closing stock prices and volume of stock trade during the three months before (−90 days) and after (+90 days) the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic ongoing, totaling 2670 observation data both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, for a total of 5340. The research findings indicate a significant difference between the daily closing stock price and volume of stock trade before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The current research has both theoretical and practical implications: the findings strengthen the efficient market hypothesis, which states that the more complete the provided information, the more efficient the market. The practical implication is that investors should be careful when choosing to invest. Investors should choose customer goods sector companies that provide products that are much needed by customers, for example, pharmacy, food, beverages, etc. Future research is needed to investigate the long-term impact of the pandemic on the economy.

Land finance is an important means for local governments to develop a regional economy. Studying the impact of land finance on green economic growth has important practical significance for achieving high-quality economic growth in China. This article uses panel data from 283 prefecture-level cities in China to construct a spatial econometric model to study the impact of land finance on green economic growth. The research results show that land finance has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of the green economy. The direct, indirect and total effects of land finance on green economic growth are all significantly negative, which indicates that the local government’s method of making up for the financial funding gap through land finance not only inhibited the green economic growth in the region, but also had an impact on neighboring areas. Local government competition has a regulating effect on the impact of land finance and urban green economic growth, and government competition has actually strengthened the inhibitory effect of land finance on green economic growth. The above conclusions can provide useful practical guidance for optimizing the development of land finance, standardizing local government behavior, and promoting green economic growth.

The aim of this research paper is to depict the level of satisfaction and importance of Full expressions Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs)’ human resources (HR) and the tourism sector community in East Java. The research was conducted on all aspects of HR in tourism sector MSMEs, among foreign and domestic tourists in East Java. The research is a quantitative and descriptive one. Primary data are used. The population of the research is HR in tourism sector MSMEs as well as domestic and foreign tourists. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Ten cities of high tourism potential were chosen. Determination of the sample size used the minimum criteria of a structural model that is between 100 and 200 units. In total, 200 tourism sector MSMEs were determined from ten tourism cities in East Java. From every tourism sector MSMEs, four employees and three tourists were taken. As a result, the entire research consisted of 800 employees and 600 foreign and domestic tourists. Importance performance analysis (IPA) was utilized as an analysis tool in this paper. The result indicated that each tourism resort, being a sample, has different findings. Batu City demonstrates a lack of transglobal leadership (TL). Malang, Kediri, and Blitar City demonstrate organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Malang City lacks employment engagement (EE). Meanwhile, Pasuruan City and Blitar Regency are about human resources performance (HRP). For Pasuruan Regency, the variable of quality of work life (QWL) should be improved. For Sidoarjo Regency, sustainable tourism competitiveness (STC) should be paid attention. For Kediri City, the main variable that needs to be enriched is responsible marketing (RM). Overall, for the East Java region, the main variable that needs to be improved is RM. The findings obtained constitute a practical contribution for main tourism stakeholders to formulate relevant policies to cope with problems.

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate whether the effect of competitive strategies on the performance is significantly different for fully fledged Islamic banks vis-a-vis conventional banks with Islamic window. Specifically, two competitive strategies namely the low-cost strategy and the differentiation strategy were considered. In addition, we examined further the competitive strategies–performance nexus by introducing enterprise risk management as a mediating factor. Design/methodology/approach: This study used structured questionnaires to collect data from 506 respondents (251 from fully fledged Islamic banks and 255 from conventional banks with Islamic window). A disjoint two-stage approach was employed to analyze a hierarchical component model. Construct Level Correction and Measured Latent Marker Variable approaches were employed to assess the common method variance. As a robustness check, two-stage approach was used to explore the curvilinear relationship, and the Gaussian copula approach was adopted to address the endogeneity issue. Findings: The findings show the evidence of complementary partial mediation in the relationships between low-cost strategy, differentiation strategy, and performance through enterprise risk management practices in both types of banks. Practical implications: Competitive strategies are essential as they send signals to owners, managers, policymakers, and regulatory authorities. On the one hand, fully fledged Islamic banks face dual competition from pure conventional counterparts as well as conventional banks with Islamic window. On the other hand, Islamic window banks also face strong competition from the fully fledged Islamic banks due to their strong Shariah roots. Hence, this competitive pressure on both types of banks calls for more attention to focus on competitive strategies and enterprise risk management practices to accelerate their performance and overcome the bank risk. Moreover, these competitive strategies can be used as a tool to enter into a new market by reducing costs and risks. Besides, banks cannot achieve a competitive advantage without implementing enterprise risk management practices because competitive strategies are significant antecedents of enterprise risk management practices. Therefore, this study recommends both types of banks to focus on enterprise risk management practices to make these strategies successful. Originality/value: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the competitive strategies–performance nexus and the mediating role of enterprise risk management practices in an unexplored area of Islamic banking.

The primary purpose of the paper to analyze the impact of Human Capital Migration on the social sector of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Population of the study was the above matriculation (10th grade) migrants shifted from Pakistan to abroad. A sample of 300 people was request to fill the questionnaire out of which data collected from the 225 participants. To strengthen the study, we utilized both primary as well as secondary sources for data collection. Regression and correlation statistics utilized to identify the association between the predictor and outcome variables. Conclusively, there are numerous root causes of the Educated Human Capital Migration from the Mirpur Division Azad Jammu & Kashmir. This study finds that the Economic Factor, Social Factor, Job Opportunity Factor, Political Factor, Education System Factor, Pure Science Factor, Technological Factor has a significant impact on the phenomenon of Brain Drain. In the long run the migration of Educated Human Capital destructs the institution as well as the region. Study is benificial for the policy makers of Azad Jummu and Kashmir to attract the skilled migrants back to their orgin. The acamdicians can further study thus topic to explore the Brain Drain at demographic level.