Our study aimed to clarify the anatomical features of the zygomatic, upper masseteric, lower masseteric and mandibular ligaments and their possible contribution to age-related gravitational ptosis. The study was carried out by the method of layered dissection of fresh cadavers. In several observations, the zygomatic ligament is represented by the fibers originating from the zygomaticus major muscle fibers. It is a true ligament with the fibers inserted directly into the skin. The upper and lower masseteric ligaments originate from the parotideomasseteric fascia and weave into the thickness of the SMAS. The mandibular ligament consists of two connective tissue laminae originating from the parotideomasseteric fascia at the lower edge of the mandible and from the inner surface of this fascia, along the anterior edge of the masseter muscle, skirting the facial vein sheath and the facial artery, traveling toward the platysma and the depressor anguli oris muscle, and merging with their fibers. The zygomatic ligament should be considered an osteo-musculocutaneous ligament, emphasizing the role of the associated zygomaticus major muscle in the mechanism of aging. The upper and lower masseteric and mandibular ligaments are false fascio-SMAS ligaments rather than osteo-cutaneous ones, playing the barrier role and fixing the superficial fascia and the platysma muscle.

Backgroud: The aim of this study was to create an accessible, simple and reliable method for assessing the relative density of bone tissue in dentistry based on the analysis of digital panoramic radiographs. Methods: Measurement of average gray values on orthopantomograms was carried out using ImageJ Version 1.54i software. To estimate the relative bone density, functions for selecting regions of interest (ROI), calculating the area of selection, and statistics of the selected area were used. Statistical characteristics of samples and testing of hypotheses using statistical criteria were performed using Microsoft Excel. Results: we found that when manually selecting the reference and comparison areas for areas without signs of pathological changes in bone tissue, the average standard deviation was 0.058, and the coefficient of variation was 0.055 ± 0.011%, which makes the choice of the jaw angle as a reference more preferable. The average relative bone density of the assessed defective areas to the jaw angle was 0.64 ± 0.11, and the average relative bone density of the areas without pathology to the jaw angle was 1.052 ± 0.058. Conclusions: a research protocol was developed and justified using the ImageJ software package, which establishes a strict procedure for quantitative assessment of relative bone density based on the results of digital panoramic radiography. The proposed protocol can be used to monitor the condition of bone tissue after all types of dental treatment over time.

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Restoration of cervical lesions of teeth is one of the most urgent problems of modern dentistry. Defects of the cervical region have different etiology, pathophysiology of the development of the defect formation process. The method of direct restoration of defects of various etiologies in the cervical region of the tooth is the most frequent method of restoration. According to many authors, this method is not always effective. One of the initial tasks in dentistry is to replace the lost tooth structure with a material whose composition and physical properties are similar to the natural tissues of the tooth. This goal can be achieved using CAD/CAM technology. The chemical stability of hybrid ceramics provides not only excellent biocompatibility, but also good physical, mechanical and optical properties.

Objective. To study the dynamics of oral hygiene, removable dentures and the degree of compensation of cardiometabolic disorders in periodontal patients after prosthetics with removable dentures. Material and methods. Patients (n=63) aged 45—54 years with periodontal diseases and cardiometabolic disorders were observed after prosthetics with partial removable dentures. Repeated examinations of patients were carried out in the medium and long-term follow-up periods: from three months to one year after prosthetic treatment. The criteria for evaluating treatment outcomes were the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), the Denture Hygiene Index (DHI) and gingival inflammation index PMA (modified by Parma C., 1960). Compensation of cardiometabolic disorders in patients was monitored according to periodontal blood glucose (a portable glucose meter and standard test strips were used) and blood pressure (BP). Results. Within 12 months, the incremental worsening oral hygiene and denture hygiene, the increasing levels of gingival inflame and glucose in periodontal blood, and the negative changing blood pressure were revealed in the majority of the patients. Conclusion. The study results justified the necessity for boosting compliance of patients in relation to oral hygiene and denture hygiene, cardiometabolic disturbance monitoring, regular periodontal treatment providing, and professional teeth and dentures cleaning.