The paper analyzes energy and environmental policies in agriculture in the context of the European Green Deal, emphasizing the contribution of the Common Agricultural Policy in supporting sustainability objectives. The study explores how Member States implement specific measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, conserve natural resources, and protect biodiversity by 2030. The analysis focuses on three main objectives: reducing emissions and adapting to climate and energy changes, managing natural resources sustainably and ensuring energy efficiency, and promoting organic farming and conserving biodiversity. Using a methodology that aligns Green Deal goals with CAP measures, this research involves a comparative analysis between Member States, highlighting disparities in policy implementation, particularly between Eastern and Western Europe, suggesting that a coordinated EU approach is needed to support equitable progress. The paper provides a detailed perspective on the progress made and offers recommendations for harmonizing agricultural policies in the EU, supporting farmers in adopting ecological and energy efficient practices, and ensuring a consistent approach in achieving Green Deal objectives by 2030.

In the context of increasing pressures on European agriculture, the economic sustainability of farming sectors is becoming a key strategic objective, especially for Member States with structural vulnerabilities such as Romania. This study proposes an integrated assessment of the economic sustainability of farming sectors in the European Union and Romania for the period 2013–2022 using an analytical framework based on composite indicators built on data from the FADN network. The seven indicators used are grouped into three dimensions: (i) economic performance—profitability, capitalization, and liquidity (FESI, FCI, PCFI); (ii) subsidy dependence and efficiency (FSDI, SEI); and (iii) technical–economic efficiency in the use of resources (FEPI, COEI). The results indicate accelerated economic growth of Romanian farms, but it is associated with structural vulnerabilities, such as low capitalization, high liquidity volatility, and high dependence on public support. In contrast, farms in the EU show superior financial resilience and a steady investment capacity. This study underlines the need for differentiated agricultural policies aimed at strengthening financial autonomy, increasing investment efficiency, and reducing the gap between Romania and the EU, helping to inform policy interventions for the transition towards a more competitive and resilient farming sector.

Food consumption plays a fundamental role in human life, shaping not only daily nutrition but also economic and social behaviors. Household expenditures on food remain among the highest, and the time allocated to food purchasing and preparation is significant. Beyond biological necessity, food represents a cultural and social phenomenon, influencing consumer habits, market trends, and lifestyle choices. This study explores the key factors influencing purchasing decisions in the agro-food sector in the North-East Region of Romania, focusing on socio-cultural influences, product attributes, brand trust, tradition, and lifestyle. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from 337 residents through a convenience sampling strategy. The collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4.0 to examine the interrelationships between subjective norms, product attributes, price, consumer trust, and purchasing decisions. The findings indicate that social norms, price, product attributes, brand trust, customer satisfaction, and lifestyle have a significant and positive impact on consumer purchasing decisions. By understanding the key drivers behind sustainable food choices, businesses can optimize product offerings and enhance consumer engagement, while policymakers can design initiatives that promote sustainable consumption at both regional and national levels.

The present study aims to assess the sustainability of bioenergy potential from agriculture in the European Union in the period 2012–2021, with a particular focus on material flow and emissions management, bioenergy and recycling impacts, while assessing the potential of bioenergy from agriculture and analyzing the degree of self-sufficiency and import dependency in the biomass economy. While biomass has significant potential in the EU energy transition, its use is accompanied by challenges related to sustainability, carbon neutrality, efficiency and economic viability. Using a quantitative approach based on official statistical data, this research tracked the evolution of biomass imports, exports, domestic extraction and consumption, providing a comprehensive picture of the stability and adaptability of the biomass economy in the European Union. The results indicate a steady increase in domestic extraction and a stability in consumption, reflecting a high capacity of the European Union to manage biomass resources; thus, the degree of self-sufficiency has been high throughout the period, with a moderate dependence on imports, showing an adaptable economy. The conclusions suggest that in order to maintain this stability, the European Union must continue to develop balanced economic and environmental policies that support the sustainable use of biomass and contribute to the energy transition and environmental objectives.

This study analyzes the economic and energy dimensions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture at the European level, making a regional comparison for the period 2000–2022. The research assesses the sustainability and resilience of agricultural systems through regional comparisons, analyzing emissions at the farm and agricultural land level using indicators such as emissions per capita, emissions relative to economic value and emissions per hectare of agricultural land, providing insights into the disparities between Eastern, Northern, Southern and Western European regions. The results reveal significant variations in emissions intensity and sustainability practices between regions, with Northern Europe showing the highest emissions per unit due to intensive agriculture, Southern and Eastern Europe showing lower emissions influenced by climatic conditions and economic transitions, and Western Europe showing a balance between agricultural intensification and sustainability due to early adoption of advanced technologies. The study underlines the importance of adapting regional strategies to increase sustainability and energy resilience in agriculture, providing valuable insights for integrating renewable energy sources, optimizing resource use and implementing targeted policies to reduce emissions.

This study was carried out with the aim of investigating and analysing different aspects related to viticulture and wine production in the northeast region of Romania. The methodology focused on the use of statistical data and field research, with an emphasis on the impact of potential climate change on wine production and consumer preferences. The analysis of the evolution of vine cultivation in the northeast region of Romania was carried out using statistical data on grape harvest, area planted to vines and wine production. The results showed significant changes in these indicators over the period analysed (2013-2022), reflecting the dynamics of the wine industry in the region. A survey of a sample of 50 respondents provided relevant data on their preferences. Analysis of this data revealed information on preferred wine types, consumption habits and purchasing preferences. Although the population‘s preference for white wine is evident, climate change may pose a challenge for the region, and in the future, it may be necessary to adapt vineyard locations and cultivate vine varieties more suitable for red wine production. These issues have important implications for planning and developing the future of the wine industry in the northeast region.