The objective of this study is to valorize Papaver rhoeas L. from the Taounate region of Morocco by determining the total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC) and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of four organs. The quantification of TPC and TFC in root, stem, leaf and flower extracts (RE, SE, LE and FE, respectively) was estimated by the Folin–Ciocalteu reaction and the aluminum trichloride method, respectively. Two tests were used to assess antioxidant power: the DPPH test and TAC assay. The antimicrobial activity was studied against five pathogenic bacteria and yeast, using two methods: disk diffusion and microdilution. The TPC in LE and LF was twice as high as that in RE and SE (24.24 and 22.10 mg GAE/g, respectively). The TFC values in the four extracts were very close and varied between 4.50 mg QE/g in the FE and 4.38 mg QE/g in the RE. The LE and FE showed low DPPH values with IC50 = 0.50 and 0.52 mg/mL, respectively. The TAC measurement revealed the presence of a significant amount of antioxidants in the studied extracts, mainly in LE and FE (6.60 and 5.53 mg AAE/g, respectively). The antimicrobial activity results revealed significant activity on almost all of the tested strains. The MIC of FE and SE against E. coli 57 was 1.56 and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively, while against the S. aureus it was 50 and 25 mg/mL, respectively. The low MLC value (1.56 mg/mL) was recorded against E. coli 57 by RE and SE.

Context: The region of Fez-Meknes has a wide variety of aromatic and medicinal plants that can be explored in different ways to draw their virtues and overcome human health problems. Aims: To identify ethnobotanically the main medicinal plants and collect data about their uses in the region of Fez. Methods: During each interview, both the personal information and the plants used were collected. The questionnaire revealed the use frequency of each part of the plants (VPP). It also sheds light on the importance of each species (RFC). Furthermore, it showed the relative importance of the families and the method of preparation (FIV). Results: The results disclosed the richness of the region in terms of medicinal plants. A total of 57 species were identified and grouped into 24 families. The most abundant families were Lamiaceae (FIV = 5.461), Compositae (FIV= 6.085), and Apiaceae (FIV = 6.307). The most cited species were Plantago major L. (RFC = 27.3%), Olea europaea L. (RFC = 31.3 %), and Daphne gnidium L. (RFC = 32.6%). The leaves are the most plant part used (VPP = 0.416). The most used preparation method was decoction (32%). The most declared pathologies were digestive (16%), dermatological (15%), and respiratory affections (13%). Conclusions: The ethnobotanical study showed the region's floristic richness and allowed the identification of the different plants involved in many recipes to overcome human health problems.

Geographical origin and environmental factors have a significant impact on the constituents and the biological properties of medicinal and aromatic plants. Herein, we investigated the Inula viscosa plant grown in El Menzel - Morocco, with a focus on the impact of geographical pronvince and...