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Paolo Rossi
Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 21 November 2020 in Forests
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Recently, the severe intensification of atmospheric carbon has highlighted the importance of urban tree contributions in atmospheric carbon mitigations in city areas considering sustainable urban green planning and management systems. Explicit and timely information on urban trees and their roles in the atmospheric Carbon Stock (CS) are essential for policymakers to take immediate actions to ameliorate the effects of deforestation and their worsening outcomes. In this study, a detailed methodology for urban tree CS calibration and mapping was developed for the small urban area of Sassuolo in Italy. For dominant tree species classification, a remote sensing approach was applied, utilizing a high-resolution WV3 image. Five dominant species were identified and classified by applying the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) approach with an overall accuracy of 78%. The CS calibration was done by utilizing an allometric model based on the field data of tree dendrometry—i.e., Height (H) and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH). For geometric measurements, a terrestrial photogrammetric approach known as Structure-from-Motion (SfM) was utilized. Out of 22 randomly selected sample plots of 100 square meters (10 m × 10 m) each, seven plots were utilized to validate the results of the CS calibration and mapping. In this study, CS mapping was done in an efficient and convenient way, highlighting higher CS and lower CS zones while recognizing the dominant tree species contributions. This study will help city planners initiate CS mapping and predict the possible CS for larger urban regions to ensure a sustainable urban green management system.

ACS Style

Abdul Mueed Choudhury; Ernesto Marcheggiani; Francesca Despini; Sofia Costanzini; Paolo Rossi; Andrea Galli; Sergio Teggi. Urban Tree Species Identification and Carbon Stock Mapping for Urban Green Planning and Management. Forests 2020, 11, 1226 .

AMA Style

Abdul Mueed Choudhury, Ernesto Marcheggiani, Francesca Despini, Sofia Costanzini, Paolo Rossi, Andrea Galli, Sergio Teggi. Urban Tree Species Identification and Carbon Stock Mapping for Urban Green Planning and Management. Forests. 2020; 11 (11):1226.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Mueed Choudhury; Ernesto Marcheggiani; Francesca Despini; Sofia Costanzini; Paolo Rossi; Andrea Galli; Sergio Teggi. 2020. "Urban Tree Species Identification and Carbon Stock Mapping for Urban Green Planning and Management." Forests 11, no. 11: 1226.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Underwater photogrammetry is increasingly being used by marine ecologists because of its ability to produce accurate, spatially detailed, non-destructive measurements of benthic communities, coupled with affordability and ease of use. However, independent quality control, rigorous imaging system set-up, optimal geometry design and a strict modeling of the imaging process are essential to achieving a high degree of measurable accuracy and resolution. If a proper photogrammetric approach that enables the formal description of the propagation of measurement error and modeling uncertainties is not undertaken, statements regarding the statistical significance of the results are limited. In this paper, we tackle these critical topics, based on the experience gained in the Moorea Island Digital Ecosystem Avatar (IDEA) project, where we have developed a rigorous underwater photogrammetric pipeline for coral reef monitoring and change detection. Here, we discuss the need for a permanent, underwater geodetic network, which serves to define a temporally stable reference datum and a check for the time series of photogrammetrically derived three-dimensional (3D) models of the reef structure. We present a methodology to evaluate the suitability of several underwater camera systems for photogrammetric and multi-temporal monitoring purposes and stress the importance of camera network geometry to minimize the deformations of photogrammetrically derived 3D reef models. Finally, we incorporate the measurement and modeling uncertainties of the full photogrammetric process into a simple and flexible framework for detecting statistically significant changes among a time series of models.

ACS Style

Erica Nocerino; Fabio Menna; Armin Gruen; Matthias Troyer; Alessandro Capra; Cristina Castagnetti; Paolo Rossi; Andrew Brooks; Russell Schmitt; Sally Holbrook. Coral Reef Monitoring by Scuba Divers Using Underwater Photogrammetry and Geodetic Surveying. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3036 .

AMA Style

Erica Nocerino, Fabio Menna, Armin Gruen, Matthias Troyer, Alessandro Capra, Cristina Castagnetti, Paolo Rossi, Andrew Brooks, Russell Schmitt, Sally Holbrook. Coral Reef Monitoring by Scuba Divers Using Underwater Photogrammetry and Geodetic Surveying. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (18):3036.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erica Nocerino; Fabio Menna; Armin Gruen; Matthias Troyer; Alessandro Capra; Cristina Castagnetti; Paolo Rossi; Andrew Brooks; Russell Schmitt; Sally Holbrook. 2020. "Coral Reef Monitoring by Scuba Divers Using Underwater Photogrammetry and Geodetic Surveying." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18: 3036.

Original paper
Published: 26 May 2019 in Applied Geomatics
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This paper presents a multi-temporal underwater photogrammetric survey of a reef patch located in Moorea, French Polynesia, designed to detect a coral growth of 10–15 mm/year. Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry and underwater imagery allows the three-dimensional quantification of reef structural complexity and ecologically relevant characteristics at the patch scale. A high degree of accuracy and fine resolution are required in order to guarantee the repeatability of surveys over time within the same reference system, meaning a proper geodetic network and acquisition scheme are mandatory. Measuring tools and reference points were properly designed in order to constrain the photogrammetric reconstruction. The network adjustment, performed with distance and height difference observations, provided an average accuracy of ± 1.2 mm and ± 2.9 mm in the horizontal and vertical components, respectively. The final accuracies of photogrammetric reconstructions are on the order of 1 cm and few millimeters for the 2017 and 2018 monitoring campaigns, respectively. This results in realized errors in the comparison of about ± 1 cm. Coordinate variations larger than this magnitude can be reasonably interpreted as coral growth or dissolution. The direct comparison of the two subsequent point clouds is effective in order to evaluate trends in growth and perform morphometric analyses. For highly accurate quantitative assessment of local changes, an expert operator can create and analyze specific 2D profiles that are easily produced from the point clouds.

ACS Style

P. Rossi; Cristina Castagnetti; A. Capra; A. J. Brooks; Francesco Mancini. Detecting change in coral reef 3D structure using underwater photogrammetry: critical issues and performance metrics. Applied Geomatics 2019, 12, 3 -17.

AMA Style

P. Rossi, Cristina Castagnetti, A. Capra, A. J. Brooks, Francesco Mancini. Detecting change in coral reef 3D structure using underwater photogrammetry: critical issues and performance metrics. Applied Geomatics. 2019; 12 (S1):3-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Rossi; Cristina Castagnetti; A. Capra; A. J. Brooks; Francesco Mancini. 2019. "Detecting change in coral reef 3D structure using underwater photogrammetry: critical issues and performance metrics." Applied Geomatics 12, no. S1: 3-17.

Conference paper
Published: 18 June 2018 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The work describes a cost-effective methodology for the creation of 3D virtual models with both metric and photo-realistic content developed for archaeologists who need to rapidly map new findings during their field prospections. The potential of modern photogrammetry approach, based on Structure from Motion (SfM) and dense image matching algorithms, coupled with the use of low-cost cameras is evaluated for the creation of 3D models and orthophotos of rock paintings. The case study is located in Brealito valley, in the Calchaqui basin of the Province of Salta, Argentina. In these wide areas, actually known for the naturalistic value, a huge amount of archeological remains was found and surveyed for the first time in August 2013 within a research project funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. A methodological approach to record the findings in a cost-effective and reliable way is defined, acquisitions are performed with common use instruments such as digital cameras (off-the-shelf and single lens reflex - SLR) and measuring tapes. The novelty of the work lies in defining, experiencing and transferring to operators a simple methodology for digitizing and mapping the archeological heritage in order to provide 2D orthophotos and 3D models. Such methodology allows anyone, archaeologists or unprofessional personnel, to be trained and easily perform a survey in order to document, survey and study the investigated site.

ACS Style

C Castagnetti; P Rossi; A Capra. 3D Reconstruction of rock paintings: a cost-effective approach based on modern photogrammetry for rapidly mapping archaeological findings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2018, 364, 012020 .

AMA Style

C Castagnetti, P Rossi, A Capra. 3D Reconstruction of rock paintings: a cost-effective approach based on modern photogrammetry for rapidly mapping archaeological findings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018; 364 (1):012020.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C Castagnetti; P Rossi; A Capra. 2018. "3D Reconstruction of rock paintings: a cost-effective approach based on modern photogrammetry for rapidly mapping archaeological findings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 364, no. 1: 012020.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2017 in Remote Sensing
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The present paper explores the combination of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and three-dimensional geomechanical modeling in the investigation of instability processes of long sectors of coastal rocky cliffs. The need of a reliable and detailed reconstruction of the geometry of the cliff surfaces, beside the geomechanical characterization of the rock materials, could represent a very challenging requirement for sub-vertical coastal cliffs overlooking the sea. Very often, no information could be acquired by alternative surveying methodologies, due to the absence of vantage points, and the fieldwork could pose a risk for personnel. The case study is represented by a 600 m long sea cliff located at Sant’Andrea (Melendugno, Apulia, Italy). The cliff is characterized by a very complex geometrical setting, with a suggestive alternation of 10 to 20 m high vertical walls, with frequent caves, arches and rock-stacks. Initially, the rocky cliff surface was reconstructed at very fine spatial resolution from the combination of nadir and oblique images acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles. Successively, a limited area has been selected for further investigation. In particular, data refinement/decimation procedure has been assessed to find a convenient three-dimensional model to be used in the finite element geomechanical modeling without loss of information on the surface complexity. Finally, to test integrated procedure, the potential modes of failure of such sector of the investigated cliff were achieved. Results indicate that the most likely failure mechanism along the sea cliff examined is represented by the possible propagation of shear fractures or tensile failures along concave cliff portions or over-hanging due to previous collapses or erosion of the underlying rock volumes. The proposed approach to the investigation of coastal cliff stability has proven to be a possible and flexible tool in the rapid and highly-automated investigation of hazards to slope failure in coastal areas.

ACS Style

Francesco Mancini; Cristina Castagnetti; Paolo Rossi; Marco Dubbini; Nunzio Luciano Fazio; Michele Perrotti; Piernicola Lollino. An Integrated Procedure to Assess the Stability of Coastal Rocky Cliffs: From UAV Close-Range Photogrammetry to Geomechanical Finite Element Modeling. Remote Sensing 2017, 9, 1235 .

AMA Style

Francesco Mancini, Cristina Castagnetti, Paolo Rossi, Marco Dubbini, Nunzio Luciano Fazio, Michele Perrotti, Piernicola Lollino. An Integrated Procedure to Assess the Stability of Coastal Rocky Cliffs: From UAV Close-Range Photogrammetry to Geomechanical Finite Element Modeling. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9 (12):1235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Mancini; Cristina Castagnetti; Paolo Rossi; Marco Dubbini; Nunzio Luciano Fazio; Michele Perrotti; Piernicola Lollino. 2017. "An Integrated Procedure to Assess the Stability of Coastal Rocky Cliffs: From UAV Close-Range Photogrammetry to Geomechanical Finite Element Modeling." Remote Sensing 9, no. 12: 1235.

Original articles
Published: 01 January 2017 in European Journal of Remote Sensing
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The feasibility of unmanned-aerial-vehicle-based photogrammetry was assessed for the reconstruction of high-resolution topography and geomorphic features of quarries by nadir and off-nadir imagery. The test site was a quarry located in the rural area of Turi (Bari, southern Italy). Two processing scenarios were created. Nadir images were initially used, and images acquired with off-nadir angles were added. An accurate set of ground control points (GCPs) were surveyed for both georeferencing purposes and validation processes. In the reconstruction of the surfaces, an accuracy of a few centimeters was achieved in the final positioning of point clouds representing the main geometries of quarry environment. However, greatest differences were found along the edges or the lines characterized by sudden slope changes. To better understand such results, some characteristic quarry shapes depicted by both the scenarios were compared to those surveyed by a total station used as an independent benchmark technique. It allowed to define the benefits introduced by the joint use of nadir and oblique images in the delineation of quarry shapes, surface discontinuities and better descriptions of sub-vertical walls. Beside the evaluation of benefits introduced by use of oblique cameras, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology was also discussed with alternative technologies. Unmanned aerial platforms represent an effective solution, with the need for few accurate GCPs.

ACS Style

Paolo Rossi; Francesco Mancini; Marco Dubbini; Francesco Mazzone; Alessandro Capra. Combining nadir and oblique UAV imagery to reconstruct quarry topography: methodology and feasibility analysis. European Journal of Remote Sensing 2017, 50, 211 -221.

AMA Style

Paolo Rossi, Francesco Mancini, Marco Dubbini, Francesco Mazzone, Alessandro Capra. Combining nadir and oblique UAV imagery to reconstruct quarry topography: methodology and feasibility analysis. European Journal of Remote Sensing. 2017; 50 (1):211-221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Rossi; Francesco Mancini; Marco Dubbini; Francesco Mazzone; Alessandro Capra. 2017. "Combining nadir and oblique UAV imagery to reconstruct quarry topography: methodology and feasibility analysis." European Journal of Remote Sensing 50, no. 1: 211-221.