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In this study, we conducted and documented workshops and interviews in Norway and Slovenia to identify stakeholder and future generation opinions and mitigation strategies for solving one of the most prominent environmental issues: plastic pollution. As part of the EU H2020 project GoJelly, stakeholders were brought together to explore their perceptions on considering jellyfish mucus as a new resource to contribute to reducing plastic pollution from entering the marine environment. The study was conducted in the spring of 2019, in a context directly after the European Union (EU) announced its Directive to ban the most commonly used single-use plastic (SUP) items. The study applied the snowball method as a methodological choice to identify relevant stakeholders. Systems thinking was utilized as a participatory modelling approach, which allowed for the creation of conceptual mind maps from the various workshops and interviews, to understand consumers’ consciousness, and to map out ideas on plastic pollution reduction. Plastic pollution takes place on a global scale and stakeholders discussed their individual perceptions of national and international solutions that could be put in place to solve it, including the opportunities around utilizing jellyfish mucus to filter and capture micro- and nanoplastic. We found that industry stakeholders in both case areas were generally more accepting of policy and increased innovation moving forward, but placed weight on the scientific community to conduct more research on the pollution issue and propose solutions. Future generation stakeholders (youth aged 14–18), however, put emphasis on consumer behavior and buying patterns of single-use products fueling the plastic crisis.
Emily Cowan; Andy M. Booth; Andreas Misund; Katja Klun; Ana Rotter; Rachel Tiller. Single-Use Plastic Bans: Exploring Stakeholder Perspectives on Best Practices for Reducing Plastic Pollution. Environments 2021, 8, 81 .
AMA StyleEmily Cowan, Andy M. Booth, Andreas Misund, Katja Klun, Ana Rotter, Rachel Tiller. Single-Use Plastic Bans: Exploring Stakeholder Perspectives on Best Practices for Reducing Plastic Pollution. Environments. 2021; 8 (8):81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmily Cowan; Andy M. Booth; Andreas Misund; Katja Klun; Ana Rotter; Rachel Tiller. 2021. "Single-Use Plastic Bans: Exploring Stakeholder Perspectives on Best Practices for Reducing Plastic Pollution." Environments 8, no. 8: 81.
Jellyfish blooms can represent a significant but largely overlooked source of organic matter (OM), in particular at the local and regional scale. We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on the bloom‐forming jellyfish as sink and source of OM for microorganisms. In particularly, we compare the composition, concentration, and release rates of the OM excreted by living jellyfish with the OM stored within jellyfish biomass, which becomes available to the ocean's interior only once jellyfish decay. We discuss how these two stoichiometrically different jelly‐OM pools might influence the dynamics of microbial community and the surrounding ecosystem. We conceptualize routes of jelly‐OM in the ocean, focusing on different envisioned fates of detrital jelly‐OM. In this conceptual framework, we revise possible interactions between different jelly‐OM pools and microbes and highlight major knowledge gaps to be addressed in the future.
Tinkara Tinta; Katja Klun; Gerhard J. Herndl. The importance of jellyfish–microbe interactions for biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Limnology and Oceanography 2021, 66, 2011 -2032.
AMA StyleTinkara Tinta, Katja Klun, Gerhard J. Herndl. The importance of jellyfish–microbe interactions for biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Limnology and Oceanography. 2021; 66 (5):2011-2032.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTinkara Tinta; Katja Klun; Gerhard J. Herndl. 2021. "The importance of jellyfish–microbe interactions for biogeochemical cycles in the ocean." Limnology and Oceanography 66, no. 5: 2011-2032.
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a focal point for the removal of microplastic (MP) particles before they are discharged into aquatic environments. WWTPs are capable of removing substantial quantities of larger MP particles but are inefficient in removing particles with any one dimension of less than 100 μm, with influents and effluents tending to have similar quantities of these smaller particles. As a single WWTP may release >100 billion MP particles annually, collectively WWTPs are significant contributors to the problem of MP pollution of global surface waters. Currently, there are no policies or regulations requiring the removal of MPs during wastewater treatment, but as concern about MP pollution grows, the potential for wastewater technologies to capture particles before they reach surface waters has begun to attract attention. There are promising technologies in various stages of development that may improve the removal of MP particles from wastewater. Better incentivization could speed up the research, development and adoption of innovative practices. This paper describes the current state of knowledge regarding MPs, wastewater and relevant policies that could influence the development and deployment of new technologies within WWTPs. We review existing technologies for capturing very small MP particles and examine new developments that may have the potential to overcome the shortcomings of existing methods. The types of collaborations needed to encourage and incentivize innovation within the wastewater sector are also discussed, specifically strong partnerships among scientific and engineering researchers, industry stakeholders, and policy decision makers.
Shirra Freeman; Andy M. Booth; Isam Sabbah; Rachel Tiller; Jan Dierking; Katja Klun; Ana Rotter; Eric Ben-David; Jamileh Javidpour; Dror L. Angel. Between source and sea: The role of wastewater treatment in reducing marine microplastics. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 266, 110642 .
AMA StyleShirra Freeman, Andy M. Booth, Isam Sabbah, Rachel Tiller, Jan Dierking, Katja Klun, Ana Rotter, Eric Ben-David, Jamileh Javidpour, Dror L. Angel. Between source and sea: The role of wastewater treatment in reducing marine microplastics. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 266 ():110642.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShirra Freeman; Andy M. Booth; Isam Sabbah; Rachel Tiller; Jan Dierking; Katja Klun; Ana Rotter; Eric Ben-David; Jamileh Javidpour; Dror L. Angel. 2020. "Between source and sea: The role of wastewater treatment in reducing marine microplastics." Journal of Environmental Management 266, no. : 110642.
For mitigation of the effects of pollution, the media, policy makers and, in turn, the scientific community and industry each provide contributions through development of a sense of urgency, and with guidelines and solutions. For non-indigenous species (NIS) that can frequently have negative impacts on the native biota, this is often conveyed in an emotive way to the general public, who are typically keen to help and to get personally involved. This might be through organization of cleaning campaigns, influence on the media, or collaboration with scientists, to inform them of the local presence and abundance of NIS. Alternatively, they might proactively develop technological solutions themselves. To assess the current state of affairs, we reviewed the presence and effects of NIS in the Mediterranean Sea. As so often, any well-planned and successful activity is directly linked to financing, or a lack thereof, and this leads to sometimes untargeted and sporadic measures that are developed within a project or over a limited timeframe, without any sustainability measures. Therefore, we also assessed the activities and strategies that have been financed in this area of NIS mitigation. Based on this review of the presence and impact of NIS, and previous and ongoing activities, we propose a new paradigm to mitigate such pollution: the 8Rs model (i.e., Recognize, Reduce, Replace, Reuse, Recycle, Recover/Restore, Remove, and Regulate). This model extends from the more traditional 3Rs model (i.e., Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) that is often used and promoted for innovative waste management strategies. Importantly, the 8Rs model can be applied sequentially, for either prevention of NIS introduction, or preparation of mitigation measures. The 8Rs model was constructed based on Mediterranean NIS, although we believe it can be applied to other sources of pollution and other geographic areas. Importantly, the 8Rs model represents a general framework to organize and categorize future pollution mitigation strategies. This approach is essential for development of any action plan to influence the administrative and financial decision makers who essentially enable these activities, and therefore who have important roles in the guarantee of sustainability of these actions, and the creation of innovative societies.
Ana Rotter; Katja Klun; Janja Francé; Patricija Mozetič; Martina Orlando-Bonaca. Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation. Frontiers in Marine Science 2020, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleAna Rotter, Katja Klun, Janja Francé, Patricija Mozetič, Martina Orlando-Bonaca. Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2020; 7 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Rotter; Katja Klun; Janja Francé; Patricija Mozetič; Martina Orlando-Bonaca. 2020. "Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation." Frontiers in Marine Science 7, no. : 1.
Estuaries are transitional water systems where the hydrodynamic processes governing water circulation actively influence suspended particle transport and deposition. In the estuarine mixing zone, the strong physico-chemical gradients resulting from the interaction between river freshwater and seawater may affect the distribution, mobility and fate of several potentially toxic compounds, among which trace elements are of major concern. Knowledge regarding the partitioning behaviour of trace elements would provide essential scientific support for the environmental management of estuaries. In this study, trace element occurrence and phase partitioning among suspended particulate matter, colloidal material and the truly dissolved fraction were investigated in the main Italian and Slovenian estuarine environments of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea). Further information about the water quality at the river mouths was provided and, in addition to the traditional evaluation of single chemical parameters, a multi-way principal component analysis was employed in order to depict disparities among sampling sites, water layers and seasonal conditions with the final aim of evaluating trace element phase partitioning. Results indicated that the suspended particulate matter acts as the main effective vehicle for Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni and Pb, and enhanced adsorption processes resulted in elevated partitioning coefficients, especially for Fe and Pb. Although disparities occurred between sampling sites and seasons, trace elements showing affinity for the solid phase appeared to be partially bound to the colloidal material. Conversely, As and Cs prevailed in the truly dissolved fraction, especially in seawater and showed scarce affinity for both the suspended particles and colloids.
Elena Pavoni; Matteo Crosera; Elisa Petranich; Paolo Oliveri; Katja Klun; Jadran Faganeli; Stefano Covelli; Gianpiero Adami. Trace elements in the estuarine systems of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea): A chemometric approach to depict partitioning and behaviour of particulate, colloidal and truly dissolved fractions. Chemosphere 2020, 252, 126517 .
AMA StyleElena Pavoni, Matteo Crosera, Elisa Petranich, Paolo Oliveri, Katja Klun, Jadran Faganeli, Stefano Covelli, Gianpiero Adami. Trace elements in the estuarine systems of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea): A chemometric approach to depict partitioning and behaviour of particulate, colloidal and truly dissolved fractions. Chemosphere. 2020; 252 ():126517.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Pavoni; Matteo Crosera; Elisa Petranich; Paolo Oliveri; Katja Klun; Jadran Faganeli; Stefano Covelli; Gianpiero Adami. 2020. "Trace elements in the estuarine systems of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea): A chemometric approach to depict partitioning and behaviour of particulate, colloidal and truly dissolved fractions." Chemosphere 252, no. : 126517.
Large volumes of seawater were sampled in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) in order to study the interactions between colloidal organic matter (COM) and metal(loid)s (Me) in coastal waters. COM (> 5 kDa) was isolated by ultrafiltration and characterized using 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental Corg. and Ntot. analyses. COM in the gulf represents about one quarter of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and according to 1H NMR analysis, it is composed of polysaccharides (30–45%), lipids (30–55%), proteins and carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) (15–20%), and humics (< 1%). An accumulation of COM was observed in the late spring–early summer. The polysaccharide and lipid fractions increased up to twofold and the protein fraction decreased, reflected in a higher Corg./Ntot. (28, molar) ratio. Higher concentrations of humics were observed due to local freshwater discharges in spring. COM from the Isonzo/Soča River differed from the marine COM exhibiting higher protein/CRAM and higher humic contents. COM from the Isonzo/Soča mouth at salinities 16–33 was compositionally similar to marine COM. Analysis of Me, performed by ICP-MS and CVAFS (Hg), showed that Hg (nearly 100%), Cu (20%), Cr (10%), and Se (10%) have the highest Me affinity to colloids. Similar to COM, Hg and Cu rapidly increased till summer due to their sequestration in accumulated COM (transfer to particulate phase). The observed Me/Corg. ratios (Co, Cd, Hg < U, Cr, Ni, Mn < As, Zn, Cu, V < Se, Al, Fe) differ somewhat from those of the Irving–Williams series and can be explained by the composition of COM and variable background concentrations of studied Me in the northern Adriatic. Data from the salinity gradient in the metal-contaminated (especially Hg, Pb, Zn) Isonzo/Soča mouth showed flocculation of Al and Ba and desorption of V, Co, As, Se, Cs, U, and Hg, from the riverine particles with increasing ionic strength, while Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Pb did not correlate with salinity.
Katja Klun; Ingrid Falnoga; Darja Mazej; Primož Šket; Jadran Faganeli. Colloidal Organic Matter and Metal(loid)s in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea). Aquatic Geochemistry 2019, 25, 179 -194.
AMA StyleKatja Klun, Ingrid Falnoga, Darja Mazej, Primož Šket, Jadran Faganeli. Colloidal Organic Matter and Metal(loid)s in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea). Aquatic Geochemistry. 2019; 25 (5-6):179-194.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatja Klun; Ingrid Falnoga; Darja Mazej; Primož Šket; Jadran Faganeli. 2019. "Colloidal Organic Matter and Metal(loid)s in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea)." Aquatic Geochemistry 25, no. 5-6: 179-194.
Despite accumulating evidence of the importance of the jellyfish-associated microbiome to jellyfish, its potential relevance to blue biotechnology has only recently been recognized. In this review, we emphasize the biotechnological potential of host–microorganism systems and focus on gelatinous zooplankton as a host for the microbiome with biotechnological potential. The basic characteristics of jellyfish-associated microbial communities, the mechanisms underlying the jellyfish-microbe relationship, and the role/function of the jellyfish-associated microbiome and its biotechnological potential are reviewed. It appears that the jellyfish-associated microbiome is discrete from the microbial community in the ambient seawater, exhibiting a certain degree of specialization with some preferences for specific jellyfish taxa and for specific jellyfish populations, life stages, and body parts. In addition, different sampling approaches and methodologies to study the phylogenetic diversity of the jellyfish-associated microbiome are described and discussed. Finally, some general conclusions are drawn from the existing literature and future research directions are highlighted on the jellyfish-associated microbiome.
Tinkara Tinta; Tjaša Kogovšek; Katja Klun; Alenka Malej; Gerhard J. Herndl; Valentina Turk. Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential. Marine Drugs 2019, 17, 94 .
AMA StyleTinkara Tinta, Tjaša Kogovšek, Katja Klun, Alenka Malej, Gerhard J. Herndl, Valentina Turk. Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential. Marine Drugs. 2019; 17 (2):94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTinkara Tinta; Tjaša Kogovšek; Katja Klun; Alenka Malej; Gerhard J. Herndl; Valentina Turk. 2019. "Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential." Marine Drugs 17, no. 2: 94.
Mercury (Hg) is one of the primary health concerns in natural and urbanised environments due to past and present natural and anthropogenic emissions. Its environmental cycle is driven by redox reactions, microbial metabolism and organic matter (OM) interactions, which may all lead to formation of bioaccumulative organic Hg species; methylmercury (MeHg), with damaging consequences for human and ecosystem health. Hence, Hg lability and bioavailability has been the focus of many investigations and assessed with a variety of chemical proxies in order to improve understanding of the conditions that lead to enhanced bioavailability of Hg and its species. We investigated Hg labile species with Diffusive Gradient in Thin-film technique (DGT) in the water column and sediment of Zenne River (Brussels, Belgium) and Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic). They represent two contemporary important Hg-impacted areas; the former by anthropogenic urban pollution, and the latter by historic pollution from Hg mining. Hg speciation of labile inorganic and methylmercury in these two environments was not yet investigated using DGT technique. The results show labile Hg species changing with season in the water column of Zenne River, while the sediments are the source of bioavailable MeHg to the water column that is transported further creating a halo effect in the region. Values of labile Hg species for water column and sediments in Gulf of Trieste differ from previous research, highlighting the need for more investigation into Hg bioavailability. MeHg/THg ratios were compared to other sampling methods for labile Hg species.
Arne Bratkič; Katja Klun; Yue Gao. Mercury speciation in various aquatic systems using passive sampling technique of diffusive gradients in thin-film. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 663, 297 -306.
AMA StyleArne Bratkič, Katja Klun, Yue Gao. Mercury speciation in various aquatic systems using passive sampling technique of diffusive gradients in thin-film. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 663 ():297-306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArne Bratkič; Katja Klun; Yue Gao. 2019. "Mercury speciation in various aquatic systems using passive sampling technique of diffusive gradients in thin-film." Science of The Total Environment 663, no. : 297-306.
Vessels, specifically ballast water and hull fouling, are a major vector for the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) in European seas. The Mediterranean is one of the world's marine regions where their invasion is heaviest. The shallow Adriatic basin is a highly sensitive area that is already experiencing its consequences. The secondary spread of NIS over a wider area through natural dispersion is a complex process that depends on a wide range of oceanographic factors. This work analysed the dataset of the BALMAS project, in whose framework twelve ports in the Adriatic Sea were subjected to a Port Baseline Survey (PBS), to estimate the natural spread of NIS organisms from their port of arrival to the wider Adriatic basin. Its findings indicate that the prevailing water circulation patterns facilitate the natural dispersal of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOP).
Romina Kraus; Federica Grilli; Nastjenjka Supić; Ivica Janeković; Marina Brailo; Magdalena Cara; Ana Bratoš Cetinić; Alessandra Campanelli; Stefano Cozzi; Raffaele D'adamo; Tamara Djakovac; Mathieu Dutour-Sikirić; Vesna Flander Putrle; Janja Francé; Danijela Joksimović; Katja Klun; Jerina Kolitari; Martina Kralj; Grozdan Kušpilić; Mauro Marini; Frano Matić; Josip Mikuš; Živana Ninčević-Gladan; Marco Pansera; Marijana Pecarevic; Robert Precali; Ivana Prusina; Federica Relitti; Angela Santucci; Antonietta Specchiulli; Denis Škalic; Janja Francée; Federica Relitti. Oceanographic characteristics of the Adriatic Sea – Support to secondary HAOP spread through natural dispersal. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2018, 147, 59 -85.
AMA StyleRomina Kraus, Federica Grilli, Nastjenjka Supić, Ivica Janeković, Marina Brailo, Magdalena Cara, Ana Bratoš Cetinić, Alessandra Campanelli, Stefano Cozzi, Raffaele D'adamo, Tamara Djakovac, Mathieu Dutour-Sikirić, Vesna Flander Putrle, Janja Francé, Danijela Joksimović, Katja Klun, Jerina Kolitari, Martina Kralj, Grozdan Kušpilić, Mauro Marini, Frano Matić, Josip Mikuš, Živana Ninčević-Gladan, Marco Pansera, Marijana Pecarevic, Robert Precali, Ivana Prusina, Federica Relitti, Angela Santucci, Antonietta Specchiulli, Denis Škalic, Janja Francée, Federica Relitti. Oceanographic characteristics of the Adriatic Sea – Support to secondary HAOP spread through natural dispersal. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2018; 147 ():59-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomina Kraus; Federica Grilli; Nastjenjka Supić; Ivica Janeković; Marina Brailo; Magdalena Cara; Ana Bratoš Cetinić; Alessandra Campanelli; Stefano Cozzi; Raffaele D'adamo; Tamara Djakovac; Mathieu Dutour-Sikirić; Vesna Flander Putrle; Janja Francé; Danijela Joksimović; Katja Klun; Jerina Kolitari; Martina Kralj; Grozdan Kušpilić; Mauro Marini; Frano Matić; Josip Mikuš; Živana Ninčević-Gladan; Marco Pansera; Marijana Pecarevic; Robert Precali; Ivana Prusina; Federica Relitti; Angela Santucci; Antonietta Specchiulli; Denis Škalic; Janja Francée; Federica Relitti. 2018. "Oceanographic characteristics of the Adriatic Sea – Support to secondary HAOP spread through natural dispersal." Marine Pollution Bulletin 147, no. : 59-85.
Since the environmental levels of selenium (Se) can moderate the bioaccumulation and toxicity of mercury (Hg) in marine organisms, their interactions were studied in seawater, sediments, plankton and the benthic (Bull ray Pteromylaeus bovinus, Eagle ray Myliobatis aquila) and the pelagic (Pelagic stingray Dasyiatis violacea) rays, as apex predators in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea). Male and female rays showed no difference in the Se contents in muscle tissue. Pelagic species contained higher Se levels in muscle but slightly lower levels in the livers of both genders. The Hg/Se ratios in seawater dissolved and colloidal fractions, plankton and sediment were <0.5, while those in particulate matter were <1.3. In benthic ray species, a parallel increase in Se and Hg in muscle was observed, so that an increased in Hg (MeHg) bioaccumulation results in Se coaccumulation. The Hg/Se ratios (molar) in muscle and liver of pelagic and benthic rays were <1.4 and <0.7, respectively. The low levels of Hg in muscle and liver in all the ray species corresponded to low Hg/Se ratios and increases in muscle and liver to 1 at 7 µg/g, dry weight (dw) and 5 µg/g dw, respectively, i.e., about 1.6 µg/g wet weight (ww).
Jadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Milena Horvat; Katja Klun; Lovrenc Lipej; Darja Mazej. Selenium and Mercury Interactions in Apex Predators from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea). Nutrients 2018, 10, 278 .
AMA StyleJadran Faganeli, Ingrid Falnoga, Milena Horvat, Katja Klun, Lovrenc Lipej, Darja Mazej. Selenium and Mercury Interactions in Apex Predators from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea). Nutrients. 2018; 10 (3):278.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Milena Horvat; Katja Klun; Lovrenc Lipej; Darja Mazej. 2018. "Selenium and Mercury Interactions in Apex Predators from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea)." Nutrients 10, no. 3: 278.
In this paper we present a novel architecture for enabling on-line communication with marine environment monitoring deployments. We rely on a set of communication technologies that range from IoT related low data rate communication standards to the widely adopted Wi-Fi and LTE protocols that are able to support bandwidth demanding applications. To achieve energy-efficient results we turn off all the power-hungry interfaces and peripherals, while maintaining a low-power interface active, dedicated to control the rest of the components. Finally, we present the installation of the developed system in the Vida oceanographic buoy, in Slovenia and evaluate our device in terms of power consumption.
Giannis Kazdaridis; Polychronis Symeonidis; Ioannis Zographopoulos; Thanasis Korakis; Katja Klun; Nives Kovač. On the development of energy-efficient communications for marine monitoring deployments. 2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS) 2017, 271 -274.
AMA StyleGiannis Kazdaridis, Polychronis Symeonidis, Ioannis Zographopoulos, Thanasis Korakis, Katja Klun, Nives Kovač. On the development of energy-efficient communications for marine monitoring deployments. 2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS). 2017; ():271-274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiannis Kazdaridis; Polychronis Symeonidis; Ioannis Zographopoulos; Thanasis Korakis; Katja Klun; Nives Kovač. 2017. "On the development of energy-efficient communications for marine monitoring deployments." 2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS) , no. : 271-274.
Highlights•Po-210 in the Gulf of Trieste is higher than in NW Mediterranean.•Po-210 is the highest in particulate matter of water and in plankton.•Po-210 increases from microplankton to mesozooplankton.•Po-210/Pb-210 ratios in water, plankton and sediments are ≤1.•Po-210 is far above 1 at higher trophic levels pointing on its bioaccumulation. AbstractThe total activity of 210Po was determined by alpha-spectrometry in various samples (matrices) collected in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) where fresh water inflows, especially from the Isonzo River in the northern part, affect water quality. Observed 210Po levels were: 1) 0.56–3.75 mBq/L in the dissolved phase (200 μm). In seawater and tributaries, up to 80% (mean 49%) of total 210Po was found in particulate form. In sediments, slightly higher levels were encountered in the Isonzo prodelta and in the central (depocenter) part of the gulf. KD (L/kg) calculated between seawater and SPM, and seawater and sediment amounted to about 5 × 106 and 6 × 104, respectively. Lower autumn 210Po levels can be a consequence of biological dilution by higher mesozooplankton biomass in the autumn compared to spring. Plankton fractionation revealed in general the highest levels in the >200 μm mesoplankton fraction (239–1800 Bq/kg) followed by 50–200 μm (388–996 Bq/kg) and 20–50 μm (318–810 Bq/kg) microplankton fractions. Obtained data show higher 210Po levels in all matrices analyzed in the Gulf of Trieste compared to other Adriatic (central Adriatic) and western Mediterranean areas. The 210Po/210Pb ratios in water, plankton and sediments were mostly below or around 1, while this ratio was much higher at higher trophic levels (up to about 50), reflecting a preferential bioaccumulation of 210Po over 210Pb. 210Po accumulation between seawater and SPM and seawater and mesozooplankton amounted to 3.7 × 104 and 1.1 × 104, respectively, similar to other Adriatic areas. Comparison of the relative importance of pelagic and benthic bioaccumulation pathways, excluding the filter feeder bivalves, suggests greater accumulation in pelagic-feeding species.
Jadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Ljudmila Benedik; Zvonka Jeran; Katja Klun. Accumulation of 210 Po in coastal waters (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea). Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2017, 174, 38 -44.
AMA StyleJadran Faganeli, Ingrid Falnoga, Ljudmila Benedik, Zvonka Jeran, Katja Klun. Accumulation of 210 Po in coastal waters (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea). Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 2017; 174 ():38-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Ljudmila Benedik; Zvonka Jeran; Katja Klun. 2017. "Accumulation of 210 Po in coastal waters (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea)." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 174, no. : 38-44.
Large volumes of seawater were sampled monthly from December 2011 to October 2012 in the southeastern part of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) in order to study the seasonal changes of colloidal organic matter (COM) concentrations, its origin and composition. Isolation of COM was performed by ultrafiltration with molecular weight cut-off membranes of 5 kDa and final desalinization by dialysis. COM was characterized using 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental C and N and 13C and 15N isotope analyses and high-pressure size exclusion chromatography. COM represents about 1/4 of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and appears to be mainly of marine origin. COM is mainly composed of polysaccharides, lipids, proteins and humics. FT-IR analysis indicated the presence of OH (carbohydrates and lipids), COOH (proteins and lipids) and NH (proteins) containing functional groups. Using the NMR technique, it was possible to semiquantitatively determine variations of four main biochemical constituents present in our COM samples. In the late spring - summer an accumulation of COM was observed, reaching up to 25 μmol L−1 Corg. and representing about 1/3 of DOC in the Gulf waters. The lipid fraction increased up to 2-fold and the polysaccharide fraction remained nearly constant while protein fraction decreased, reflected in a higher C/N (28) molar ratio. Also, higher concentrations of humics were observed in late spring – early summer probably due to local freshwater discharges in spring. An increase of lipid fraction and nearly constant polysaccharide content in late spring - early summer, in parallel with agglomeration of high molecular weight (>200 kDa) macromolecules, indicates the possible formation of macroaggregates, which has been periodically occurred in the northern Adriatic Sea in the past.
Katja Klun; Primož Šket; Ingrid Falnoga; Jadran Faganeli. Variation in Colloidal Organic Matter Composition and Aggregation in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea). Geomicrobiology Journal 2015, 32, 609 -615.
AMA StyleKatja Klun, Primož Šket, Ingrid Falnoga, Jadran Faganeli. Variation in Colloidal Organic Matter Composition and Aggregation in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea). Geomicrobiology Journal. 2015; 32 (7):609-615.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatja Klun; Primož Šket; Ingrid Falnoga; Jadran Faganeli. 2015. "Variation in Colloidal Organic Matter Composition and Aggregation in Coastal Waters (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea)." Geomicrobiology Journal 32, no. 7: 609-615.
T Kogovšek; T Tinta; Katja Klun; A Malej. Jellyfish biochemical composition: importance of standardised sample processing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2014, 510, 275 -288.
AMA StyleT Kogovšek, T Tinta, Katja Klun, A Malej. Jellyfish biochemical composition: importance of standardised sample processing. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2014; 510 ():275-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleT Kogovšek; T Tinta; Katja Klun; A Malej. 2014. "Jellyfish biochemical composition: importance of standardised sample processing." Marine Ecology Progress Series 510, no. : 275-288.
Neža Koron; Jadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Darja Mazej; Katja Klun; Nives Kovac. Association of macroaggregates and metals in coastal waters. Marine Chemistry 2013, 157, 185 -193.
AMA StyleNeža Koron, Jadran Faganeli, Ingrid Falnoga, Darja Mazej, Katja Klun, Nives Kovac. Association of macroaggregates and metals in coastal waters. Marine Chemistry. 2013; 157 ():185-193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeža Koron; Jadran Faganeli; Ingrid Falnoga; Darja Mazej; Katja Klun; Nives Kovac. 2013. "Association of macroaggregates and metals in coastal waters." Marine Chemistry 157, no. : 185-193.
Neža Koron; A. Bratkič; S. Ribeiro Guevara; Tinkara Tinta; Katja Klun; Jadran Faganeli; M. Horvat. Seasonal dynamics of microbial mercury transformations in sediments and water column of Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea). E3S Web of Conferences 2013, 1, 10001 .
AMA StyleNeža Koron, A. Bratkič, S. Ribeiro Guevara, Tinkara Tinta, Katja Klun, Jadran Faganeli, M. Horvat. Seasonal dynamics of microbial mercury transformations in sediments and water column of Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea). E3S Web of Conferences. 2013; 1 ():10001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeža Koron; A. Bratkič; S. Ribeiro Guevara; Tinkara Tinta; Katja Klun; Jadran Faganeli; M. Horvat. 2013. "Seasonal dynamics of microbial mercury transformations in sediments and water column of Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea)." E3S Web of Conferences 1, no. : 10001.