The main disadvantages of using soybean oil extraction waste as a raw feed material are its high contents of fiber, fat, and anti-nutritional factors. Therefore, several processing methods such as extrusion and hydrolysis are used to overcome these disadvantages and increase the availability of high-quality proteins to animals from this by-product. This study is concerned with the hydrolysis of extruded soybean meal in the presence of bacterial alkaline proteases. The effects of various process parameters were investigated to determine the optimal process parameters for hydrolysis in terms of the total free amino acid and amine nitrogen contents. The experiment included two sets of parameters that were selected for comparison: the temperature and pH in ranges of t 45–50 °C, pH 8–11, compared to the temperature and pH ranges of t = 40–45 °C and pH 7–9, using three enzyme/substrate ratios (1:10, 1:20, and 1:30). The protein hydrolysate was stored for three months after it was treated with two different preservatives (sorbic acid and thymol). Based on the results, it was found that the total free amino acid content was higher when the temperature range was 45–50 °C, the pH range was 8–11, and sorbic acid was used as a preservative.

The paper presents the results of determining the activity of the most important honey enzyme, invertase, depending on the impact of main technological factors, as well as identifying the minimum permissible enzyme content in raw and processed honey. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Federal Beekeeping Research Center. The invertase activity and diastatic number was determined by a photometric method. The honey samples were examined in five replicates. The enzyme activity was determined after 30 and 90 days of honey storage. Deep freezing of honey at a temperature of -18 °C ensured the best preservation of the invertase activity in monofloral honey that came from an assortment of plants. Pasteurization of natural honey reduced the activity of enzymes of honey that comes from different plants by an average of 71.9%. Mechanical treatment of honey reduced the invertase activity by an average of 54.7%. Based on a comparative analysis of invertase and diastatic number, invertase was found to reflect the degree of honey treatment in the best way. The research findings will result in a set of recommendations to enhance the technology for honey processing and quality control, with a subsequent introduction of this indicator in the state standard for natural honey.

Monitoring the study of the mineral composition of forage plants depending on their geographic location is an important scientific and practical task. The aim of the study was to conduct a monitoring analysis of the level of bioaccumulation of some mineral elements by forage plants from soils of different geographic origin. The studies were conducted at the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. To carry out the study, samples of hay from legumes and cereals, as well as samples of hay from natural lands, collected in different areas of the Central Federal District, in the Altai and Krasnodar Territories, were prepared. The content of the following mineral components was determined: copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), potassium (K). Five samples of each sample of hay from legumes and cereals, as well as hay from natural lands, were prepared. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the level of mineral components in different types of hay corresponded to the geographic origin of the sample. A comparative analysis of the migration of mineral substances – copper, potassium, magnesium and manganese in the “soil-plant” system showed that the content of mineral components in plants does not directly depend on the level of the corresponding minerals in soils, and the degree of digestibility and accumulation of the studied mineral substances is determined by the main parameters of the environment and biochemical indicators of soils.

—A key challenge in the advanced biochemical processing of soybeans is identifying the optimal parameters of biotechnological processes that

Honey possesses excellent sensory and nutritional properties, which makes it a valuable food ingredient. However, the same qualities make it one of the most often adulterated products in the world. Constant violations of processing technology threaten the beekeeping industry. In this regard, new authenticity criteria are a popular area of honey studies. The article introduces a method for establishing ratios of light stable isotopes in honey. The study featured 36 samples of honey of various geographical origins and botanical profiles, as well as five samples of sugar syrups from various raw materials. The quantitative profiles were obtained using a Delta Advantage V isotope mass spectrometer (USA – Germany) with additional Flash IRMS and Conflo IV modules. The experiment involved the ratios of stable carbon isotopes in honey δ13C (gross) and nitrogen δ15N in its protein fraction, as well as the values of δ13C, δ18O, and δ2H of ethanol isolated from fermented honey. The values of δ13C (gross) and δ13C of honey proteins made it possible to calculate the amount of added sugar of corn and cane origin. Exogenous sugars in the amounts of 6.5% and 18% cane sugar were detected in two samples. Isotope mass spectrometry was able to identify honey samples with exogenous sugars of C4-plant origin. However, the method failed to detect sugar-containing substances from C3-type plants. The δ18O index demonstrated some prospects as an identification criterion for sugars from C3-plants in honey. Nitrogen isotope ratios in honey proteins proved to be an efficient tool for determining honey authenticity and an additional criterion for identifying bee products. The research resulted in a patent (RU2809285C1) for a new method of determining exogenous sugar-containing substances in honey