Atherosclerosis, marked by elevated plaque formation, occurs due to stenosis, which narrows the arterial walls and alters the natural flow path. Previous research has shown that the likelihood of high-rupture stenosis can be linked to temperature distribution variations in bifurcated arteries. In this study, we employ a monolithic Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) finite element approach to model heat transfer in fluid–structure interactions within stenosed bifurcated arteries, considering the elasticity of arterial walls. We analyze unsteady, incompressible Newtonian blood flow in a two-dimensional laminar regime, focusing on key factors such as velocity, wall displacement, temperature effects, and the average Nusselt number. Our findings reveal that under pulsatile inflow conditions, minor temperature fluctuations occur under specific waveform flow boundary conditions. Additionally, greater arterial wall flexibility enhances heat transfer between the blood and vessel walls, with flow reflections further contributing to this effect. Lastly, we examine wall shear stress (WSS) at its minimum and maximum values, emphasizing the role of arterial elasticity in influencing these forces.

A new model for the determination of the permeability in sandstones under confining pressure is presented. Building on the concepts of digital rock physics, a numerical model is derived from a 3D tomographic scan. The pressure-dependent behavior is mimicked by adding an artificial flow resistance to the pore throats. All permeability simulations are performed using an in-house finite-volume code. In the first step, the proposed model is tested based on a given Bentheim sandstone sample and compared with experimental data. In the second step, the influencing factors of the model are investigated. Mainly discussed are the influences of the tomographic scan and the numerical resolution. Overall, the proposed model is observed to be capable of reproducing general trends of the experimental data, whereby the magnitude of the numerically determined permeabilities can strongly depend on the investigated influencing factors.

In this paper, the methods of digital rock physics are applied to determine pressure-dependent effective thermal conductivity in rock samples. Simulations are performed with an in-house 3D finite volume code. In a first step, four numerical models are derived from a given tomographic scan of Berea sandstone. Consequently, simulations of the thermal conductivity at ambient conditions are performed and validated with experimental data. In a second step, a new workflow for the determination of the pressure-dependent thermal conductivity in rock samples is elaborated, tested and calibrated. Results originating from the derived workflow show very good agreement with experimental data. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

This study presents a numerical investigation into the heart valve through a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) framework using a two-dimensional, steady-state, Newtonian flow assumption. While simplified, this approach captures core biomechanical effects and provides a baseline for future extension toward non-Newtonian, pulsatile, and three-dimensional models. The analysis focuses on the influence of magnetic field intensity characterized by the Hartmann number (Ha) and flow regime defined by the Reynolds number (Re) on critical hemodynamic parameters, including wall shear stress (WSS), velocity profiles, and pressure gradients in the valve region. The results demonstrate that stronger magnetic fields significantly stabilize intravalvular flow by suppressing recirculation zones and reducing flow separation distal to valve constrictions, offering protective hemodynamic benefits and serving as a non-invasive method to modulate vascular behavior and reduce the risk of cardiovascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.

This study presents a numerical investigation into heart valve dynamics through a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) framework that incorporates biomagnetic blood flow and elastic arterial walls. The analysis focuses on the influence of magnetic field intensity—characterized by the Hartmann number (Ha)—and flow regime—defined by the Reynolds number (Re)—on critical hemodynamic parameters, including wall shear stress (WSS), velocity profiles, and pressure gradients in the valve region. Results demonstrate that stronger magnetic fields significantly stabilize intravalvular flow by suppressing recirculation zones and reducing flow separation distal to valve constrictions, offering protective hemodynamic benefits and serving as a non-invasive method to modulate vascular behavior and reduce the risk of cardiovascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.