In recent years, Serbia has become increasingly popular as a tourism destination, attracting travelers from the surrounding region, as well as Europe and even distant locations. The environmental impact linked with tourism activities, specifically their carbon footprints, has gained growing attention as sustainability becomes an important factor when discussing the future of tourism. This research, which is based on the DEFRA and ADEME methodologies using the Greentripper tool, examines the significance of carbon footprint estimations for incoming tourism in Serbia from a scientific standpoint. By considering the emissions produced from transportation, accommodation, and on-site activities, the results of 1,431,394,511 kg CO2e offer valuable information about the extent of carbon emissions linked to tourism movements. The primary driver of this carbon footprint is transportation (80.2%), on-site activities (15.2%), and housing (4.6%). The per capita tourism carbon footprint is 670 kg CO2e, which is lower compared to the values derived using general data and carbon emissions on a worldwide basis, which amount to 759 kg CO2e. These findings are essential for comprehending the environmental sustainability of tourism operations. Furthermore, carbon footprint assessments play a crucial role as a tool for making informed decisions and implementing initiatives to reduce carbon emissions in the tourism business. This could involve selecting environmentally friendly modes of travel, advocating for sustainable hotel choices, or integrating carbon offsetting activities into vacation packages. In addition, carbon footprint assessments promote transparency and responsibility in the tourism industry.

The main objectives of this research were twofold: firstly, to evaluate tourists’ perception of Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve, one of the four significant protected areas within the Serbian part of Mura-Drava-Danube Biosphere Reserve, and secondly, to identify the motivations behind tourists’ visits to wetlands and their overall satisfaction with the visits. In addition, this study was also focused on the relationships between aforementioned constructs and tourists’ socio-demographic characteristics and visit characteristics. Finally, this study attempts to address the relationships between tourists’ motives for their visit, their image perception and satisfaction. The research findings showed that each of the three remaining factors had significant relationships with Satisfaction and experience. The research was conducted in the form of the survey in the period between May 2020 and April 2022 on the sample of 216 visitors. The research findings showed that each of three remaining factors had significant relationships with Satisfaction and experience. Relationships are also found between identified improvement requirements, Motivation for spending time particularly in wetlands, and perceived biodiversity image. Finally, there are significant relationships between duration of the visit with Satisfaction and experience and Motivation for spending time in nature and future behavior. Practical implications of the research results might be beneficial for managers of wetland destinations, in order to improve the offer in line with tourists’ preferences.

The first records on hunting in Vojvodina date from Roman and Byzantine Empires. Medieval hunting in Vojvodina was described by Nikola Zrinjski (1562), Edward Brown from England (1669) and Wilhelm Taube from Vienna (1777). According to those accounts, there were many marsh birds, and deer and does in Srem. The first hunting law had been mentioned in 1504 and after that, Austrian hunting laws in 1729, 1743 and 1786. In 1883 the Hunting law was passed. At the end of 19th century there were hunting grounds managed by owners of large estates (Count Chotek in Futog, hunting grounds Futog-Irmovo, estate Schonborn-Pallavichini, Dunđerski family (Čib, Srbobran, Kulpin, Kamendin, Hajdučica), Count Andrija Čekonić in Žombolja and Nemačka Crnja, Count Harnacourt in Ečka, Count Karasconyi in Beodra (Novo Miloševo), estate Lederer in Oak and estate of Duke I. Odescalschi in Ilok etc. Hunting tourists were more interested in a small game hunting. So-called 'golden' times of hunting tourism had begun in 1966, when more than 1000 foreign tourist hunters came to Vojvodina (in season 1966/67 1665 hunting tourists), and lasted to 1990/91 hunting season when 7053 hunting tourists were registered. After this period, hunting tourism in Vojvodina collapsed due to well-known reasons (civil war, immediate war danger, sanctions etc.). After situation settled down at the beginning of 21st century, hunting tourism in these areas is slowly recovering. .

Hunting tourism can have significant positive economic effects on the local community. The objective of the paper is to estimate the direct economic impact of roe deer hunting tourism, with a focus on regional level, by applying the Nordic Model. Analysis was based on data gathered in the autumn of 2021, from the interviews with hunting ground managers and hunting tourism outfitters, and a literature review. The length of stay of tourist hunters ranged from 2 to 6 days. According to the interviews and statistical data, one hunting tourist spent an average of 2,121 € per hunting day in Serbia. In 2019 the direct economic income of roe deer hunting tourism in Vojvodina was 623,574 €. The regional economic impact of hunting tourism in Vojvodina is significant given the small number of tourists from whom substantial income is generated. Developing of hunting activates on one or more game species could bring significant economic benefits to these kind of local communities. Resources raised through hunting tourism are later used in these regions through direct investment and as a tool for sustainable wildlife management, and thus, the ecological and economic sustainability of hunting tourism is crucial and must be considered in future development process.