As the volume of polymer waste continues to grow, the development of methods for their processing and the creation of composites is an urgent task. In this work, the characteristics of sand–polymer composites based on reclaimed thermoplastics (1:3 mixture of polyolefins) are investigated. It was found that composites containing up to 75 wt% silica sand (100–300 μm) retained acceptable compressive strength (at least 25 MPa) at a strain of no more than 5%. Sand surface treatment improved the interaction between polymer and filler, increasing compressive strength by 10–15% and impact strength by 10% at 70–75 wt% of filler. The deformation and strength parameters of composites modified with carbon nanocomponents were investigated. The dependencies of compressive and bending strength on technological parameters of formation were obtained. The role of modifying components in appretization and reinforcement was shown. The introduction of technological lubricants improved homogeneity but reduced strength. The strengthening effect was related to the increase in the proportion of polymer interacting with the filler surface when the thickness of the polymer matrix reached the nanostate. The introduction of silica nanoparticles (up to 0.1 wt%) increased the compressive strength by 15%. However, the decrease in melt fluidity limited the degree of filling. The obtained composites are promising for application as structural materials in hull products used in limited climatic conditions.

Results of a study of the effect of X-rays of 100 kR/h on the structure, tribological and elastic properties of elastomers based on nitrile-butadiene rubber with degrees of vulcanization of t₇₀ and t₉₀ are presented. It is found that irradiation of rubber with an exposure dose up to 50 kR leads to an increase in the elongation at break and tensile strength due to a decrease in the degree of crystallinity and to an increase in the crosslink density and a decrease in the specific volume of the polymers. It is obtained that the X-ray irradiation of rubber with exposure doses in the range from 50 to 100 kR leads to an increase in a degree of crystallinity and to deterioration in elastic-strength properties of rubber. It is suggested that the crosslinks of elastomers based on nitrile-butadiene rubber break after the X-ray exposure of dose in the range from 50 to 100 kR. The established nonlinear dependences of the elastic-strength properties of nitrile butadiene rubber with degrees of vulcanization t₇₀ and t₉₀ from an exposure dose point to greatly depending of the rubber intermolecular crosslinks density from an exposure dose of the X-ray and time after exposure. It is obtained a radiation aging of NBR elastomers have been exposure with X-ray. It is established that 2 months after irradiation the elongation at break decreases for NBR elastomers samples and the coefficient of dynamic friction decreases at first and increases after a month.

Low carbon steel 1020 AISI has been selected in this study to show the influence of Ni Nano coating on fatigue life of this metal under fatigue loading at room temperature with a stress ratio R= -1. The prepared specimens are exposed to electroplated process using Nano nickel with 40 nm at diverse situations to improve the fatigue limit of metal. (SCHENCK PUNN) rotating bending fatigue test, hardness, tensile strength, microstructure, surface roughness and SEM, XRD diffraction tests have been completed for base metal and electroplating treated metal. The experimental results indicate that Ni nano coating by electroplating improve the fatigue life at due to steel substrates are typically polished mechanically and chemically before deposition to enhance the fatigue properties and nano nickel have fair distribution on steel surface.

The article describes the requirements for lubricants (release coatings) used in injection molding of aluminum alloys and polymeric materials. A methodology for conducting research to determine the tribotechnical characteristics of materials used in the development of the composition of a lubricant for injection molding aluminum alloys and polymer products, as well as the results of a study of tribotechnical characteristics (friction coefficient) are presented. It has been established that as materials used in the development of a multifunctional lubricant composition for casting aluminum alloys and polymer products, it is advisable to use a fraction of soap stock and fus after their preliminary sedimentation (at least 3 months). It is shown that the smallest value of the coefficient of friction at the time of indenter breaking on the surface of the steel disk was obtained using a fus. Moreover, the value of the coefficient of friction is 14–33% lower than the same indicator for other studied lubricants (petroleum jelly, PMS-100 and soap stock). It was found that in the mode of reciprocal movement of the indenter on the surface of the steel disk, the coefficient of friction when using a fus is 1,7–3,3 times lower than when using Vaseline, PMS-100 and soap stock as lubricant.

Представлены результаты исследования влияния рентгеновского излучения (100 кР/ч) на степень кристалличности и упруго-прочностные свойства эластомеров на основе бутадиен-нитрильного каучука. Объектом исследования являлись эластомеры на основе бутадиен-нитрильного каучука со степенями вулканизации t70, t80 и t90, облученные рентгеновским излучением (0,07 нм). Предметом исследования являлись эксплуатационные характеристики. Обнаружено, что облучение резин с экспозиционной дозой до 50 кР приводит к уменьшению степени кристалличности и соответственно, к увеличению таких показателей как относительное удлинение резин при разрыве и условная прочность при растяжении, что связано с ростом числа поперечных химических сшивок между макромолекулами, определяющими упруго-прочностные характеристики резин. Рентгеновское облучение резин с экспозиционными дозами в интервале от 50 кР до 100кР приводит к увеличению степени кристалличности и соответственно, к ухудшению упруго-прочностных свойств резины. Установлены нелинейные зависимости упруго-прочностных свойств бутадиен-нитрильного каучука со степенями вулканизации t70, t80 и t90 от экспозиционной дозы облучения с максимумом при экспозиционной дозе, равной 50 кР, что указывает на деструкцию поперечных сшивок, а также на зависимость числа межмолекулярных поперечных связей от длительности облучения.