El estudio de materiales compuestos de matriz polimérica cada día incrementa su importancia en la industria automotriz y carrocera por sus beneficios como bajo costo, nuevas propiedades y facilidad de manufacturación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue obtener un material compuesto de matriz resina poliéster reforzado con partículas de caucho de neumáticos reciclados con tres granulometrías diferentes variando su fracción volumétrica de 10%, 20%, 30%, 35% y 40%. Los resultados evidencian que la resistencia a tracción, flexión y compresión de los materiales compuestos disminuyen al aumentar el contenido de partículas de caucho, así como también el módulo de elasticidad a tracción tiende a disminuir al aumentar el contenido de las partículas y al disminuir el tamaño de partícula, mientras que el módulo de elasticidad a flexión en la concentración volumétrica de 10%, se evidencia un incremento del 84,11% para G1; 91,16% para G2, y 155,93% para G3 comparado con la resina poliéster pura (sin refuerzo), por lo tanto, también se determina que aumenta su módulo de elasticidad a flexión si mayor es el tamaño de la partícula. Con las propiedades mecánicas obtenidas mediante los ensayos, se determina que el material compuesto con granulometría G3 es apto para trabajar a flexión ya que incrementa su módulo de elasticidad convirtiéndole en un material elástico, y se utilizaría en partes exteriores de carrocerías como en guardafangos, guardapolvos, en bases entre chasis y carrocería para absorber vibraciones, en defensas de guardachoques delantero y posterior para absorber impactos y en masacrillas.

Solid-state welding processes, particularly friction-stir welding (FSW), offer significant advantages for joining different aluminum alloys due to their good mechanical performance, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The FSW of the AA5052-H32 and AA6261-T6 alloys has not been previously reported. In this study, the effects of the main FSW process parameters on the mechanical behavior of different AA5052/AA6261 alloy joints were systematically investigated. A full factorial experimental design was applied, considering the tool rotation speed (900–1800 rpm) and the welding speed (56–252 mm/min) as control factors, along with their ratio (Rs/Ws). The results of the tensile tests reveal that the joint strength is strongly affected by the interaction between the rotation and welding speeds, with the Rs/Ws ratio is identified as a key parameter governing material flow, plastic deformation, and defect formation. The maximum tensile strength, approximately 198 MPa, corresponding to a mechanical efficiency of 84.4%, was achieved at 1800 rpm and 7 rev/mm, a condition that favored effective material mixing and a defect-free interfacial bond (≈162–186 MPa). The microhardness profiles showed a minimum of approximately 40–50 HV within the TMAZ, on the advancing side. In general, clear quantitative relationships were established between the process parameters and the mechanical properties, which allowed for the identification of optimal operating conditions to produce high-quality FSW joints between the dissimilar materials AA5052/AA6261.

Las matemáticas un universo lleno de belleza abstracta, un juego lógico perfecto que permiten descubrir realidades externas más allá de lo físico y de lo real, que nos lleva a un resultado inesperado pero que al final tiene lógica. Las matemáticas un arte puro, un lenguaje oculto de realidad que nos lleva a volar la imaginación abstracta para obtener un resultado lógico. Las Ecuaciones diferenciales una de las ramas de las matemáticas aplicadas, que describe como una magnitud cambia en relación a otra, permitiendo modelar un sistema dinámico.

The proliferation of wireless networks and IoT devices has critically increased vulnerability to access point spoofing attacks, known as Evil Twin (ET). This paper presents a systematic literature review aimed at evaluating the state-of-the-art in detecting and mitigating this threat. Through a rigorous analysis of 30 primary studies, current defense architectures were categorized. The results reveal that 73.33% of the proposals prioritize high algorithmic precision through Artificial Intelligence, frequently exceeding 95% accuracy. However, critical technological gaps were identified: 36.67% of the solutions still generate false positives due to physical environment fluctuations (RSSI), and 33.33% rely on additional hardware. It is concluded that future development demands hybrid, self-adaptive architectures and Client-side approaches to guarantee viable latency in emerging standards.

The escalating global imperative for sustainable waste management has prompted innovative research into valorizing organic waste streams in construction materials. This study investigates coffee bagasse (BC) as a potential fine aggregate replacement in concrete, addressing both environmental challenges and material performance optimization. Through systematic analysis, the effect of coffee bagasse incorporation as fine aggregate in the compressive resistance of concrete was studied. Coffee bagasse was processed in raw and pyrolyzed states and incorporated into concrete mixtures at 5%, 10%, and 20% volume replacement levels. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and comprehensive compressive strength assessments were carried out to analyze the performance and behavior of the material. The findings revealed critical insights: raw coffee bagasse lixiviation significantly impaired cement hydration, negatively affecting concrete mechanical properties, whereas pyrolysis at 349.5°C transformed BC into coffee biocarbon, yielding a remarkable 22.39% increase in concrete compressive strength. The thermal treatment emerged as a pivotal intervention for effective waste material integration, demonstrating a promising pathway for converting agricultural by-products into high-value construction materials. By bridging waste management strategies with material science innovation, this research contributes to circular economy principles, offering a sustainable approach to reducing waste and enhancing infrastructure material performance through advanced thermal processing techniques.