Triticale is a new type of real grain, which was created by the breeding and selection of a man. This species deserves more and more attention from both domestic producers and producers on a global scale because it encompassed all the positive properties of wheat and rye. The paper clearly presents the knowledge about the importance, nutritional value and application of triticale and the effect of its usage in a diet of monogastric animals. The variety of uses, appropriate chemical composition, acceptable and studied breeding technology, classifies triticale as an irreplaceable source of energy and protein needs of animals. Due to its multiple usages: for grain, fodder and as a raw material for biofuel, contributes to the economic sustainability of crop production. The needs of this plant at the level of agrotechnical investments are less than in other cereals, so triticale is increasingly presented in organic and sustainable agricultural production.

The tests were performed on the property of the Agricultural and Chemical School “Doctor Djordje Radic” in Kraljevo, on pseudogley soil, during a two-year period (2015/16 and 2016/17). Based on the analysis of production value and total variable costs, a production calculation was made. Elements of economic efficiency (productivity, economy and profitability) were calculated for all four variants of fertilization. The tests showed a significant variation in grain yield in the tested fertilization variants. During the two-year research, the T2 variant fertilized with mineral nutrients with increased phosphorus dose (NP2K) had the most favorable values of economic efficiency indicators. Variant T2 can be considered the most profitable and most cost-effective, regardless of the fact that the yield and production value were the highest in variant T4, which is fertilized with a combination of mineral nutrients with increased doses of phosphorus, lime and organic fertilizers.

In Serbia, agriculture is a traditional economic sector, with a competitive advantage whose components are agricultural producers themselves, regional specialization, trade agreements with the EU and the Russian Federation, EU funds, organic production, domestic market, free land in Serbia, and agricultural products themselves - fruits, vegetables, industrial plants and cereals - which account for almost a quarter of total exports. Favorable climatic conditions and natural potentials are a comparative advantage of Serbian agriculture, but they are not sufficiently used, so they represent a weakness. The quality of agricultural products, the consolidation of agricultural holdings, which would directly affect the reduction of costs and prices, marketing and management are determinants of competitive advantages. Their improvement would significantly increase sales in target markets, increase export activities, and direct the agricultural economy and the overall economy of Serbia through development.

The results of the study of the influence of fertilization and calcification on the yield and yield components of winter triticale grown on low pH soil are presented in this paper. Five variants of fertilization were tested during three growing seasons. Trial treatments included different fertilization variants: V1-control, V2-N120, V3-N120P80K60, V4-N120P80K60 + 5 t ha- 1 of lime and V5-N120P80K60 + 5 t ha-1 of lime + 30 t ha-1 of manure. The results of the research showed that all yield components responded positively to the application of mineral nutrition by changing the production characteristics and grain quality. The variant with the combined application of NPK, lime and manure had the greatest positive effect on all tested parameters affecting triticale productivity. During the study, the highest yield of triticale 5.826 t ha-1 was obtained on the fertilization variant with the combined application of lime, manure and NPK fertilizers. The achieved increase in the grain yield of triticale was significant compared to the control and the NPK variant of fertilization. Highly significant positive dependencies were found between the grain yield with 1000-grain weight, and test weight and significant positive dependencies were found between 1000-grain weight and test weight. The research highlighted the impact of different fertilizer treatments on the yield and grain quality traits of winter triticale.

The aim of the paper is to test the statistical significance of the impact of GLOBALG.A.P. certification in plant production, as well as the impact of the value of fruit production in Serbia on Serbian fruit exports to high-value markets in the period 2010-2021. For this analysis, a multiple linear regression model is used. It finds that the growth in the number of GLOBALG.A.P.-certified producers does not affect the value of fruit exports to high-value markets (p=0.817), nor does the increase in certified area (p=0.446). At the same time, the value of fruit production affects the export value of this sector to high-value markets (p=0.000). The β coefficients in this paper are tested using the t-test, and the regression model using the F-test.

To determine the effect of vegetation season and fertilization on the yield and yield components of winter wheat, a field experiment was conducted at the Small Grains Research Center in Kragujevac (Serbia) to examine eight fertilization treatments during three growing seasons. The experimental study was performed on a degraded acidic vertisol. Annually, nitrogen fertilization rate was 80 kg ha-1 N, which was applied in combination with phosphorus (60 kg ha-1 and 100 kg ha-1) and potassium (60 kg ha-1). Grain yield, 1000 grain weight, and hectoliter weight were analyzed. Grain yield in all treatments in the 2014/15 growing season was significantly higher than in the other years of the study. The yield, thousand grain weight, and test weight of winter wheat significantly varied across years and treatments. The highest yield was achieved in the treatment NPK, with phosphorous applied at 100 kg ha-1 (4.024 t ha-1). Thousand grain weight was the highest in N80P60K60 (39.06 g). During the test, significantly higher values of test weight were found in P60 (76.36 kg hL-1). The statistical analysis showed a highly significant effect of year on grain yield, thousand grain weight, and test weight. Fertilization had the most significant impact on grain yield. Positive and highly significant correlations between yield and thousand grain weight were found in all investigated treatments, except for the control and the variant fertilized with 60 kg ha-1 of phosphorus, where significant correlations were found.