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Dr. Giuseppina Avantaggiato
Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 02 March 2021 in Toxins
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The removal of mycotoxins from contaminated feed using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been proposed as an inexpensive, safe, and promising mycotoxin decontamination strategy. In this study, viable and heat-inactivated L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells were investigated for their ability to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), and deoxynivalenol (DON) from MRS medium and PBS buffer over a 24 h period at 37 °C. LAB decontamination activity was also assessed in a ZEA-contaminated liquid feed (LF). Residual mycotoxin concentrations were determined by UHPLC-FLD/DAD analysis. In PBS, viable L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells removed up to 57% and 30% of ZEA and DON, respectively, while AFB1 and OTA reductions were lower than 15%. In MRS, 28% and 33% of ZEA and AFB1 were removed, respectively; OTA and DON reductions were small (≤15%). Regardless of the medium, heat-inactivated cells produced significantly lower mycotoxin reductions than those obtained with viable cells. An adsorption mechanism was suggested to explain the reductions in AFB1 and OTA, while biodegradation could be responsible for the removal of ZEA and DON. Both viable LAB strains reduced ZEA by 23% in contaminated LF after 48 h of incubation. These findings suggest that LAB strains of L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T may be applied in the feed industry to reduce mycotoxin contamination.

ACS Style

Chaima Ragoubi; Laura Quintieri; Donato Greco; Amel Mehrez; Imed Maatouk; Vito D’Ascanio; Ahmed Landoulsi; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed. Toxins 2021, 13, 185 .

AMA Style

Chaima Ragoubi, Laura Quintieri, Donato Greco, Amel Mehrez, Imed Maatouk, Vito D’Ascanio, Ahmed Landoulsi, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed. Toxins. 2021; 13 (3):185.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chaima Ragoubi; Laura Quintieri; Donato Greco; Amel Mehrez; Imed Maatouk; Vito D’Ascanio; Ahmed Landoulsi; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2021. "Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed." Toxins 13, no. 3: 185.

Conference paper
Published: 30 November 2020 in Medical Sciences Forum
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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the mainly Aspergillus fungi derived mycotoxin, is well known for its carcinogenic effects on liver, and frequently occurs in food supplies, leading to fatal consequences in both farm animals and humans. Poultry, one of the most important segments of agro-industry, has been demonstrated to be extremely sensitive to AFB1 intake, which results in chickens’ low performance, decreased quality of both eggs and meat and a negative economic feedback. Oxidative stress caused by AFB1 plays a crucial role in chickens’ kidney damage by generating lipid peroxidation accompanied by a concomitant increase in the antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS metabolism (NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (NOX4) and its regulatory subunit p47-phox). The aim of the present work was to investigate the benefits of dietary supplementation, in chickens affected by AFB1 mycotoxicosis, using a new Feed additive (FA) containing a mixture of a tri-octahedral Na-smectite with a ligno-cellulose-based material an antioxidant adjuvant. Exposure of AFB1-treated chickens to the feed additive induced a significant down-regulation of both NOX4 and p47-phox genes expression levels. This trend was confirmed by their protein expression, demonstrating the great potential of the FA to counteract oxidative stress. To conclude, these results could open new perspectives in the methods of feeding chickens, using eco-friendly dietary supplements able to reduce AFB1-induced mycotoxicosis and to ameliorate poultry performances.

ACS Style

Consiglia Longobardi; Emanuela Andretta; Vincenzo Romano; Chiara Lauritano; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Achille Schiavone; Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul; Salvatore Florio; Roberto Ciarcia; Sara Damiano. Effects of Some New Antioxidants on Apoptosis and ROS Production in AFB1 Treated Chickens. Medical Sciences Forum 2020, 2, 12 .

AMA Style

Consiglia Longobardi, Emanuela Andretta, Vincenzo Romano, Chiara Lauritano, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Achille Schiavone, Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul, Salvatore Florio, Roberto Ciarcia, Sara Damiano. Effects of Some New Antioxidants on Apoptosis and ROS Production in AFB1 Treated Chickens. Medical Sciences Forum. 2020; 2 (1):12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Consiglia Longobardi; Emanuela Andretta; Vincenzo Romano; Chiara Lauritano; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Achille Schiavone; Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul; Salvatore Florio; Roberto Ciarcia; Sara Damiano. 2020. "Effects of Some New Antioxidants on Apoptosis and ROS Production in AFB1 Treated Chickens." Medical Sciences Forum 2, no. 1: 12.

Conference paper
Published: 30 November 2020 in Medical Sciences Forum
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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin which represents an emerging problem for both animal and human health, due to its high presence in feed and foods. Exposure to OTA is associated with oxidative stress-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the identification of new antioxidant or adsorbent substances with protective action constitutes one of the main challenges to reduce the negative effects induced by mycotoxins. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of two innovative feed additives, a bio-organoclay (CHS) and a mixture of a tri-octahedral Na-smectite with a ligno-cellulose based material (MIX) alone or in combination with OTA in kidneys of treated chickens. Real-Time PCR analyses for NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX) and p47-phox were performed to evaluate oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated an increase in NOX and p47-phox levels in OTA-treated chickens. Moreover, CHS, more than MIX, was able to reduce OTA-induced toxicity, restoring NOX levels. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential beneficial role of CHS in reverting OTA-induced nephrotoxicity in chickens and could lead to the production of healthier foods with beneficial consequences for human and animal health.

ACS Style

Emanuela Andretta; Consiglia Longobardi; Martina Laselva; Chiara Lauritano; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Achille Schiavone; Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul; Salvatore Florio; Sara Damiano; Roberto Ciarcia. Protective Effects of New Antioxidants in OTA-Treated Chicken Kidney. Medical Sciences Forum 2020, 2, 18 .

AMA Style

Emanuela Andretta, Consiglia Longobardi, Martina Laselva, Chiara Lauritano, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Achille Schiavone, Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul, Salvatore Florio, Sara Damiano, Roberto Ciarcia. Protective Effects of New Antioxidants in OTA-Treated Chicken Kidney. Medical Sciences Forum. 2020; 2 (1):18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuela Andretta; Consiglia Longobardi; Martina Laselva; Chiara Lauritano; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Achille Schiavone; Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul; Salvatore Florio; Sara Damiano; Roberto Ciarcia. 2020. "Protective Effects of New Antioxidants in OTA-Treated Chicken Kidney." Medical Sciences Forum 2, no. 1: 18.

Research article
Published: 12 August 2020 in Analytica Chimica Acta
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In this paper, a novel DNA-based biosensor is proposed, which is based on paramagnetic microbeads carrying an ochratoxin A (OTA) capture aptamer. A sandwich-like detection complex is linked to the capture aptamer and is able to trigger, in presence of OTA, an isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction. This latter generated autocatalytic units with a peroxidase activity (DNAzyme) that, in presence of a proper substrate, gave a blue-coloured product visible by the naked eye. The capture aptamer, blocked onto magnetic beads, allowed the specific capture of OTA in liquid samples. The modified detection aptamer, annealed to a circularized probe, was then used to detect the toxin capture event. Indeed, in the presence of OTA and an isothermal enzyme, the circular DNA was amplified, producing a single-stranded and tandem repeated long homologous copy of its sequence. In the DNA strand, a self-catalytic structure was formed with hemin as the catalytic core, inducing the development of blue colour in the presence of ABTS and hydrogen peroxide. The results showed that the biosensor has high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of OTA, as low as 1.09×10-12 ng/mL. Moreover, the proposed biosensor was successfully used for the detection of OTA in naturally contaminated rat urine. Accuracy and repeatability data obtained in recovery experiments were satisfying, being recoveries >95% with relative standard deviations in the range 3.6-15%. For the first time, an aptasensor was successfully applied to detect OTA in biological fluids. It can be used for mycotoxin biomonitoring and assessment of individual exposure.

ACS Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Simona Marianna Sanzani; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Development of a DNA-based biosensor for the fast and sensitive detection of ochratoxin A in urine. Analytica Chimica Acta 2020, 1133, 20 -29.

AMA Style

Elisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Vito D’Ascanio, Simona Marianna Sanzani, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Development of a DNA-based biosensor for the fast and sensitive detection of ochratoxin A in urine. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2020; 1133 ():20-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Simona Marianna Sanzani; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2020. "Development of a DNA-based biosensor for the fast and sensitive detection of ochratoxin A in urine." Analytica Chimica Acta 1133, no. : 20-29.

Journal article
Published: 08 February 2020 in Toxins
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Durian peel (DP) is an agricultural waste that is widely used in dyes and for organic and inorganic pollutant adsorption. In this study, durian peel was acid-treated to enhance its mycotoxin adsorption efficacy. The acid-treated durian peel (ATDP) was assessed for simultaneous adsorption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1). The structure of the ATDP was also characterized by SEM–EDS, FT–IR, a zetasizer, and a surface-area analyzer. The results indicated that ATDP exhibited the highest mycotoxin adsorption towards AFB1 (98.4%), ZEA (98.4%), and OTA (97.3%), followed by FB1 (86.1%) and DON (2.0%). The pH significantly affected OTA and FB1 adsorption, whereas AFB1 and ZEA adsorption was not affected. Toxin adsorption by ATDP was dose-dependent and increased exponentially as the ATDP dosage increased. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax), determined at pH 3 and pH 7, was 40.7 and 41.6 mmol kg−1 for AFB1, 15.4 and 17.3 mmol kg−1 for ZEA, 46.6 and 0.6 mmol kg−1 for OTA, and 28.9 and 0.1 mmol kg−1 for FB1, respectively. Interestingly, ATDP reduced the bioaccessibility of these mycotoxins after gastrointestinal digestion using an in vitro, validated, static model. The ATDP showed a more porous structure, with a larger surface area and a surface charge modification. These structural changes following acid treatment may explain the higher efficacy of ATDP in adsorbing mycotoxins. Hence, ATDP can be considered as a promising waste material for mycotoxin biosorption.

ACS Style

Saowalak Adunphatcharaphon; Awanwee Petchkongkaew; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Wonnop Visessanguan; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent. Toxins 2020, 12, 108 .

AMA Style

Saowalak Adunphatcharaphon, Awanwee Petchkongkaew, Donato Greco, Vito D’Ascanio, Wonnop Visessanguan, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saowalak Adunphatcharaphon; Awanwee Petchkongkaew; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Wonnop Visessanguan; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2020. "The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent." Toxins 12, no. 2: 108.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2019 in Applied Clay Science
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ACS Style

Vito D'Ascanio; Donato Greco; Elena Menicagli; Elisa Santovito; Lucia Catucci; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption. Applied Clay Science 2019, 181, 1 .

AMA Style

Vito D'Ascanio, Donato Greco, Elena Menicagli, Elisa Santovito, Lucia Catucci, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption. Applied Clay Science. 2019; 181 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vito D'Ascanio; Donato Greco; Elena Menicagli; Elisa Santovito; Lucia Catucci; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption." Applied Clay Science 181, no. : 1.

Review
Published: 25 October 2019 in Toxins
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Mycotoxins are known worldwide as fungus-produced toxins that adulterate a wide heterogeneity of raw feed ingredients and final products. Consumption of mycotoxins-contaminated feed causes a plethora of harmful responses from acute toxicity to many persistent health disorders with lethal outcomes; such as mycotoxicosis when ingested by animals. Therefore, the main task for feed producers is to minimize the concentration of mycotoxin by applying different strategies aimed at minimizing the risk of mycotoxin effects on animals and human health. Once mycotoxins enter the production chain it is hard to eliminate or inactivate them. This paper examines the most recent findings on different processes and strategies for the reduction of toxicity of mycotoxins in animals. The review gives detailed information about the decontamination approaches to mitigate mycotoxin contamination of feedstuffs and compound feed, which could be implemented in practice.

ACS Style

Radmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins 2019, 11, 617 .

AMA Style

Radmilo Čolović, Nikola Puvača, Federica Cheli, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Donato Greco, Olivera Đuragić, Jovana Kos, Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins. 2019; 11 (11):617.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. 2019. "Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed." Toxins 11, no. 11: 617.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2019 in Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
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Yeast cell wall (YCW) products are currently used as substitutes to antibiotic growth promoters, to improve animal performances, and to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases in livestock. They are claimed to bind enteropathogens, thus interfering with their colonization in the intestinal mucosa. Although the anti-infectious activity of YCW products on Gram-positive pathogens like Clostridium perfringens has been reported in vivo, in vitro evidences on the adsorption of C. perfringens by YCW fractions are not yet available. Preliminary results showed that purified YCW products exert antimicrobial activity toward C. perfringens. Using the adsorption isotherm approach, we measured the ability of YCW products in adsorbing C. perfringens, thus reducing its viability. Dosages of YCW products >1 mg/mL adsorbed 4 Log colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of C. perfringens in buffered solution. The maximum adsorption of the bacterium was reached in 3 h, whereas only one product of four YCW products retained the adsorption up to 6 h. The analysis of equilibrium isotherms and adsorption kinetics revealed that all products adsorb C. perfringens in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with high affinity and capacity, sequestering up to 4 Log CFU/mg of product. The determination of adsorption parameters allows to differentiate among adsorbents and select the most efficient product. This approach discriminated among YCW products more efficiently than the antimicrobial assay. In conclusion, this study suggests that the ability of YCW products in reducing C. perfringens viability can be the result of an adsorption mechanism.

ACS Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2019, 16, 630 -637.

AMA Style

Elisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Virginie Marquis, Ruth Raspoet, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2019; 16 (9):630-637.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 16, no. 9: 630-637.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2019 in Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
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Yeast cell wall (YCW) products are used worldwide as alternatives to antibiotics growth promoters for health and performances improvement in livestock. The success of yeast and YCW products as feed additives in farm animals' nutrition relies on their capacity to bind enteropathogenic bacteria and on their immunomodulatory activity. In vivo studies report their anti-infectious activity on Gram-positive pathogens like clostridia. However, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of YCW products seems to be limited to some Gram-negative enteropathogens, and literature lacks in vitro evidences for antimicrobial effect of YCW products against Clostridium perfringens. This study aims to measure the antimicrobial activity of YCW products on C. perfringens. Five different YCW products were assayed for their capacity to inhibit the growth of C. perfringens, by analyzing the growth kinetics of the pathogen. All YCW products inhibited the growth of the pathogen, by reducing the growth rate and the maximum growth value and extending the lag phase duration. The effect on the growth parameters was product and dosage dependent. The most effective YCW (namely YCW2), at the minimum effective concentration of 1.25 mg/mL, increased the lag phase duration by 3.6 h, reduced the maximum growth rate by >50%, and reduced the final cell count by 102 colony-forming unit per milliliter in 24 h, with respect to the control. YCW products did not show a strain-dependent impact on C. perfringens growth when tested on different strains of the bacterium.

ACS Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Vito D'Ascanio; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2019, 16, 638 -647.

AMA Style

Elisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Virginie Marquis, Ruth Raspoet, Vito D'Ascanio, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2019; 16 (9):638-647.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Vito D'Ascanio; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 16, no. 9: 638-647.

Articles
Published: 12 November 2018 in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology
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Rosin acids (RA) from coniferous trees are used in folk medicine for healing various skin infections. Despite the antimicrobial potential of RA, their poor solubility in aqueous media may limit their use. In this work RA-loaded polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (RA-NPs) with enhanced antimicrobial properties against foodborne bacterial pathogens were produced. RA-NPs were prepared by solvent displacement technique and characterized for relevant colloidal features by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler anemometry and transmission electron microscopy. Association of RA to NPs occurred with high yields (86% w/w). RA and RA-NPs (∼130 nm) were strongly active against antibiotic-sensitive Gram + pathogens, i.e. Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, both failed in inhibiting the growth of Gram – pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). Association to NPs enhanced the antimicrobial activity of RA. MIC, IC50, IC90, and MBC values of RA-NPs were ten-times lower than RA. RA-NPs did not change the intrinsic toxicity potential of RA. This is the first study on the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of RA when associated to nanocarriers. This approach may be an effective strategy to produce aqueous-based RA solutions with enhanced antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant Gram + pathogens.

ACS Style

Elisa Santovito; José das Neves; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Bruno Sarmento; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2018, 46, S414 -S422.

AMA Style

Elisa Santovito, José das Neves, Donato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Bruno Sarmento, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2018; 46 (sup3):S414-S422.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Santovito; José das Neves; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Bruno Sarmento; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 46, no. sup3: S414-S422.

Comparative study
Published: 22 October 2018 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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BACKGROUND Biosorption using agricultural byproducts has been proven as a low cost and safe way to sequester mycotoxins. Few agricultural byproducts have been studied for their efficacy in adsorbing simultaneously a large range of mycotoxins. The present work compared the ability of 51 agricultural byproducts to adsorb mycotoxins from liquid mediums simulating physiological pH values, and it studied the mechanism for mycotoxin adsorption by isotherm adsorption experiments. RESULTS Grape pomaces, artichoke wastes and almond hulls were selected as promising biosorbents for mycotoxins, being quite effective towards aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA), and ochratoxin A (OTA). Their adsorption was not affected by medium pH, and the adsorbed fraction was not released when pH rose from acid to neutral values. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was adsorbed at lesser extent, while deoxynivalenol (DON) adsorption was not recorded. For the selected biosorbents, maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the best fitting model (Freundlich, Langmuir, or Sips equation) ranged from 1.2 to 2.9 μg mg‐1 for AFB1, 1.3 to 2.7 μg mg‐1 for ZEA, 0.03 from 2.9 μg mg‐1 for OTA, and 0.01‐1.1 μg mg‐1 for FB1. CONCLUSION The present study confirms that some agricultural byproducts can find technological applications as feed/food additives for mycotoxin reduction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Elisa Santovito; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018, 99, 1623 -1634.

AMA Style

Donato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Elisa Santovito, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018; 99 (4):1623-1634.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Elisa Santovito; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99, no. 4: 1623-1634.

Review article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
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The population increase in the last century was the first cause of the industrialization of animal productions, together with the necessity to satisfy the high food demand and the lack of space and land for the husbandry practices. As a consequence, the farmers moved from extensive to intensive agricultural systems and introduced new practices, such as the administration of antimicrobial drugs. Antibiotics were then used as growth promoters and for disease prevention. The uncontrolled and continuous use of antibiotics contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance in animals, and this had adverse impacts on human health. This emergence led the European Union, in 2003, to ban the marketing and use of antibiotics as growth promoters, and for prophylaxis purposes from January 2006. This ban caused problems in farms, due to the decrease in animal performances (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, reproduction, etc.), and the rise in the incidence of certain diseases, such as those induced by Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. The economic losses due to the ban increased the interest in researching alternative strategies for the prophylaxis of infectious diseases and for health and growth promotion, such as feed additives. Yeast-based materials, such as cell wall extract, represent promising alternatives to antibiotics, on the base of their prebiotic activity and their claimed capacity to bind enteropathogenic bacteria. Several authors reported examples of the effectiveness of yeast cell wall products in adsorbing bacteria, but there is a lack of knowledge on the mechanisms involved in this interaction. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current approaches used for the control of pathogenic bacteria in feed, with a particular focus on the use of yeast-derived materials proposed to control zoonoses at farm level, and on their effect on animal health.

ACS Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2018, 15, 531 -537.

AMA Style

Elisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2018; 15 (9):531-537.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 15, no. 9: 531-537.

Research article
Published: 23 August 2016 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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The efficacy of four agricultural byproducts (ABPs) and two commercial binders (CBs) to reduce the gastrointestinal absorption of a mixture of mycotoxins was tested in piglets using urinary mycotoxin biomarkers as indicator of the absorbed mycotoxins. Twenty-eight piglets were administered a bolus contaminated with the mycotoxin mixture containing or not ABP or CB. Twenty-four hour urine was collected and analyzed for mycotoxin biomarkers by using a multiantibody immunoaffinity-based LC-MS/MS method. Each bolus contained 769 μg of fumonisin B1 (FB1), 275 μg of deoxynivalenol (DON), 29 μg of zearalenone (ZEN), 6.5 μg of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and 6.6 μg of ochratoxin A (OTA) corresponding to 2.2, 0.8, 0.08, 0.02, and 0.02 μg/g in the daily diet, respectively. The percentage of ABP in each bolus was 50%, whereas for the two CBs the percentages were 5.2 and 17%, corresponding to 2.8, 0.3, and 0.9% in the daily diet, respectively. The reduction of mycotoxin absorption was up to 69 and 54% for ABPs and CBs, respectively. White grape pomace of Malvasia was the most effective material as it reduced significantly (p < 0.05) urinary mycotoxin biomarker of AFB1 (67%) and ZEN (69%), whereas reductions statistically not significant were observed for FB1 (57%), DON (40%), and OTA (27%). This study demonstrates that grape pomace reduces the gastrointestinal absorption of mycotoxins. This agricultural byproduct can be considered an alternative to commercial products and used in the feed industries as an effective, cheap, and natural binder for multiple mycotoxins.

ACS Style

Lucia Gambacorta; Philippe Pinton; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Isabelle P. Oswald; Michele Solfrizzo. Grape Pomace, an Agricultural Byproduct Reducing Mycotoxin Absorption: In Vivo Assessment in Pig Using Urinary Biomarkers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2016, 64, 6762 -6771.

AMA Style

Lucia Gambacorta, Philippe Pinton, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Isabelle P. Oswald, Michele Solfrizzo. Grape Pomace, an Agricultural Byproduct Reducing Mycotoxin Absorption: In Vivo Assessment in Pig Using Urinary Biomarkers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2016; 64 (35):6762-6771.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucia Gambacorta; Philippe Pinton; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Isabelle P. Oswald; Michele Solfrizzo. 2016. "Grape Pomace, an Agricultural Byproduct Reducing Mycotoxin Absorption: In Vivo Assessment in Pig Using Urinary Biomarkers." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 64, no. 35: 6762-6771.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2013 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Grape pomace (pulp and skins) was investigated as a new biosorbent for removing mycotoxins from liquid media. In vitro adsorption experiments showed that the pomace obtained from Primitivo grapes is able to sequester rapidly and simultaneously different mycotoxins. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was the most adsorbed mycotoxin followed by zearalenone (ZEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B1 (FB1), whereas the adsorption of deoxynivalenol (DON) was negligible. AFB1 and ZEA adsorptions were not affected by changing pH values in the pH 3-8 range, whereas OTA and FB1 adsorptions were significantly affected by pH. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms obtained at different temperatures (5-70 °C) and pH values (3 and 7) were modeled and evaluated using the Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips, and Hill models. The goodness of the fits and the parameters involved in the adsorption mechanism were calculated by the nonlinear regression analysis method. The best-fitting models to describe AFB1, ZEA, and OTA adsorption by grape pomace were the Sips, Langmuir, and Freundlich models, respectively. The Langmuir and Sips models were the best models for FB1 adsorption at pH 7 and 3, respectively. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities (mmol/kg dried pomace) calculated at pH 7 and 3 decreased in the following order: AFB1 (15.0 and 15.1) > ZEA (8.6 and 8.3) > OTA (6.3-6.9) > FB1 (2.2 and 0.4). Single- and multi-mycotoxin adsorption isotherms showed that toxin adsorption is not affected by the simultaneous presence of different mycotoxins in the liquid medium. The profiles of adsorption isotherms obtained at different temperatures and pH and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS°) suggest that mycotoxin adsorption is an exothermic and spontaneous process, which involves physisorption weak associations. Hydrophobic interactions may be associated with AFB1 and ZEA adsorption, whereas polar noncovalent interactions may be associated with OTA and FB1 adsorption. In conclusion, this study suggests that biosorption of mycotoxins onto grape pomace may be a reasonably low-cost decontamination method.

ACS Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Anna Damascelli; Michele Solfrizzo; Angelo Visconti. Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013, 62, 497 -507.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Donato Greco, Anna Damascelli, Michele Solfrizzo, Angelo Visconti. Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2013; 62 (2):497-507.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Anna Damascelli; Michele Solfrizzo; Angelo Visconti. 2013. "Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, no. 2: 497-507.

Book chapter
Published: 27 June 2012 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition
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ACS Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Angelo Visconti; P.C. Garnsworthy; J. Wiseman. MYCOTOXIN ISSUES IN FARM ANIMALS AND STRATEGIES TO REDUCE MYCOTOXINS IN ANIMAL FEEDS. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 2012, 149 -190.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Angelo Visconti, P.C. Garnsworthy, J. Wiseman. MYCOTOXIN ISSUES IN FARM ANIMALS AND STRATEGIES TO REDUCE MYCOTOXINS IN ANIMAL FEEDS. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. 2012; ():149-190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Angelo Visconti; P.C. Garnsworthy; J. Wiseman. 2012. "MYCOTOXIN ISSUES IN FARM ANIMALS AND STRATEGIES TO REDUCE MYCOTOXINS IN ANIMAL FEEDS." Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition , no. : 149-190.

Journal article
Published: 15 July 2010 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition
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ACS Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Angelo Visconti. Mycotoxin Issues in Farm Animals and Strategies to Reduce Mycotoxins in Animal Feeds. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 2010, 2009, 149 -189.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Angelo Visconti. Mycotoxin Issues in Farm Animals and Strategies to Reduce Mycotoxins in Animal Feeds. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. 2010; 2009 (1):149-189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Angelo Visconti. 2010. "Mycotoxin Issues in Farm Animals and Strategies to Reduce Mycotoxins in Animal Feeds." Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 2009, no. 1: 149-189.

Evaluation study
Published: 17 November 2009 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Ochratoxin A contamination of red wines might be quite severe in certain high-risk regions and vintages, thus requiring corrective measures to fulfill acceptable standards for human consumption. This work proposes an innovative and environmentally friendly corrective measure to reduce ochratoxin A levels by repassage of contaminated musts or wines over grape pomaces having no or little ochratoxin A contamination. Grape pomaces have a high affinity for ochratoxin A and have been shown to remove ochratoxin A from must and wine during vinification. Time course experiments showed that ochratoxin A adsorption by pomaces is a rapid process, reaching equilibrium in less than 10 h, and is not affected by the tested toxin concentrations. Repassage of wine from Primitivo grapes spiked with 2-10 microg/kg ochratoxin A over pomaces obtained from the same grapes removed up to 65% ochratoxin A within 24 h. Similar results (50-65% ochratoxin A reduction) were obtained with Primitivo or Negroamaro wines repassed over pomaces from different grape varieties including white grapes (Malvasia, Greco di Tufo) and red grapes (Sangiovese, Aglianico). Grape pomaces maintained a good efficacy in removing ochratoxin A after being reused four times. Unlike other enological fining agents, the use of grape pomaces to adsorb ochratoxin A from red wines of the same grape variety (Primitivo) did not affect relevant wine quality parameters, including color intensity and health-promoting phenolic content (trans-resveratrol, quercetin, total polyphenols). These quality parameters were instead positively or negatively affected when contaminated wines were repassed over grape pomaces from other grape varieties, the effect being related to the intrinsic characteristics of the pomace variety. The proposed decontamination procedure can be applied in a modern winery provided that contaminated grapes are identified early and processed separately from uncontaminated grapes.

ACS Style

Michele Solfrizzo; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Giuseppe Panzarini; Angelo Visconti. Removal of Ochratoxin A from Contaminated Red Wines by Repassage over Grape Pomaces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2009, 58, 317 -323.

AMA Style

Michele Solfrizzo, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Giuseppe Panzarini, Angelo Visconti. Removal of Ochratoxin A from Contaminated Red Wines by Repassage over Grape Pomaces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2009; 58 (1):317-323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Solfrizzo; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Giuseppe Panzarini; Angelo Visconti. 2009. "Removal of Ochratoxin A from Contaminated Red Wines by Repassage over Grape Pomaces." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 1: 317-323.

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2007 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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A laboratory model, set to simulate the in vivo conditions of the porcine gastrointestinal tract, was used to study the small intestinal absorption of several mycotoxins and the effectiveness of Standard Q/FIS (a carbon/aluminosilicate-based product) in reducing mycotoxin absorption when added to multitoxin-contaminated diets. Mycotoxins were quickly absorbed in the proximal part of the small intestine at levels of 105 and 89% for fumonisins B1 and B2, respectively, 87% for ochratoxin A, 74% for deoxynivalenol, 44% for aflatoxin B1, and 25% for zearalenone. Addition of Standard Q/FIS to the diet (up to 2%, w/w) significantly reduced mycotoxin absorption, in a dose-dependent manner, up to 88% for aflatoxin B1, 44% for zearalenone, and 29% for the fumonisins and ochratoxin. Standard Q/FIS was ineffective in reducing deoxynivalenol uptake. These findings suggest that Standard Q/FIS can be used as a multitoxin adsorbent material to prevent the individual and combined adverse effects of mycotoxins in animals.

ACS Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Robert Havenaar; Angelo Visconti. Assessment of the Multi-mycotoxin-Binding Efficacy of a Carbon/Aluminosilicate-Based Product in an in Vitro Gastrointestinal Model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2007, 55, 4810 -4819.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Robert Havenaar, Angelo Visconti. Assessment of the Multi-mycotoxin-Binding Efficacy of a Carbon/Aluminosilicate-Based Product in an in Vitro Gastrointestinal Model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2007; 55 (12):4810-4819.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Robert Havenaar; Angelo Visconti. 2007. "Assessment of the Multi-mycotoxin-Binding Efficacy of a Carbon/Aluminosilicate-Based Product in an in Vitro Gastrointestinal Model." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55, no. 12: 4810-4819.

Evaluation study
Published: 01 April 2005 in Food Additives and Contaminants
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The extensive use of adsorbents in the livestock industry has led to the introduction of a wide range of new products on the market, most of them claiming high in vitro mycotoxin adsorption capacity. However, adsorbents that may appear effective in vitro do not necessarily retain their efficacy when tested in vivo. Studies performed in our laboratory during the past few years aiming to evaluate the efficacy of various adsorbent materials in binding Fusarium mycotoxins are reported. Adsorption experiments were performed in in vitro screening tests for Fusarium mycotoxins at different pHs; by in vivo tests using the increase of the sphinganine to sphingosine ratio in rat urine and tissues as a biomarker of fumonisin exposure; and by a dynamic, computer–controlled, gastrointestinal model simulating the gastrointestinal tract of healthy pigs. Most of the commercially available mycotoxin–binders failed in sequestering in vitro Fusarium mycotoxins. Only for a small number of adsorbent materials was the ability to bind more than one mycotoxin demonstrated. Cholestyramine was proven to be an effective binder for fumonisins and zearalenone in vitro, which was confirmed for zearalenone in experiments using a dynamic gastrointestinal model and for fumonisins in in vivo experiments. No adsorbent materials, with the exception of activated carbon, showed relevant ability in binding deoxynivalenol and nivalenol. The in vitro efficacy of activated carbon toward fumonisins was not confirmed in vivo by the biomarker assay. The dynamic gastrointestinal model was a reliable tool to study the effectiveness of adsorbent materials in reducing the bioaccessibility of Fusarium mycotoxins, as an alternative to the more difficult and time–consuming studies with domestic livestock.

ACS Style

G. Avantaggiato; M. Solfrizzo; A. Visconti. Recent advances on the use of adsorbent materials for detoxification ofFusariummycotoxins. Food Additives and Contaminants 2005, 22, 379 -388.

AMA Style

G. Avantaggiato, M. Solfrizzo, A. Visconti. Recent advances on the use of adsorbent materials for detoxification ofFusariummycotoxins. Food Additives and Contaminants. 2005; 22 (4):379-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Avantaggiato; M. Solfrizzo; A. Visconti. 2005. "Recent advances on the use of adsorbent materials for detoxification ofFusariummycotoxins." Food Additives and Contaminants 22, no. 4: 379-388.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2004 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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In vitro screening of 14 adsorbent materials, including some commercial products used to detoxify Fusarium-mycotoxins, were tested in the pH range of 3-8 for deoxynivalenol (DON)- and nivalenol (NIV)-binding ability. Only activated carbon showed to be effective with binding capacities of 35.1 micromol and 8.8 micromol DON and NIV/g adsorbent, respectively, calculated from the adsorption isotherms. A dynamic laboratory model simulating the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of healthy pigs (TIM system) was used to evaluate the small-intestinal absorption of DON and NIV and the efficacy of activated carbon in reducing the relevant absorption. The in vitro intestinal absorptions of DON and NIV were 51% and 21%, respectively, as referred to 170 microg DON and 230 microg NIV ingested through contaminated (spiked) wheat. Most absorption occurred in the jejunal compartment for both mycotoxins. The inclusion of activated carbon produced a significant reduction in the intestinal mycotoxin absorption. At 2% inclusion level the absorption with respect to the intake was lowered from 51% to 28% for DON and from 21% to 12% for NIV. The binding activity of activated carbon for these trichothecenes was lower than that observed for zearalenone, a mycotoxin frequently co-occurring with them in naturally contaminated cereals.

ACS Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Robert Havenaar; Angelo Visconti. Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol by an in vitro gastrointestinal model, and the binding efficacy of activated carbon and other adsorbent materials. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2004, 42, 817 -824.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Robert Havenaar, Angelo Visconti. Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol by an in vitro gastrointestinal model, and the binding efficacy of activated carbon and other adsorbent materials. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2004; 42 (5):817-824.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Robert Havenaar; Angelo Visconti. 2004. "Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol by an in vitro gastrointestinal model, and the binding efficacy of activated carbon and other adsorbent materials." Food and Chemical Toxicology 42, no. 5: 817-824.