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The removal of mycotoxins from contaminated feed using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been proposed as an inexpensive, safe, and promising mycotoxin decontamination strategy. In this study, viable and heat-inactivated L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells were investigated for their ability to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), and deoxynivalenol (DON) from MRS medium and PBS buffer over a 24 h period at 37 °C. LAB decontamination activity was also assessed in a ZEA-contaminated liquid feed (LF). Residual mycotoxin concentrations were determined by UHPLC-FLD/DAD analysis. In PBS, viable L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells removed up to 57% and 30% of ZEA and DON, respectively, while AFB1 and OTA reductions were lower than 15%. In MRS, 28% and 33% of ZEA and AFB1 were removed, respectively; OTA and DON reductions were small (≤15%). Regardless of the medium, heat-inactivated cells produced significantly lower mycotoxin reductions than those obtained with viable cells. An adsorption mechanism was suggested to explain the reductions in AFB1 and OTA, while biodegradation could be responsible for the removal of ZEA and DON. Both viable LAB strains reduced ZEA by 23% in contaminated LF after 48 h of incubation. These findings suggest that LAB strains of L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T may be applied in the feed industry to reduce mycotoxin contamination.
Chaima Ragoubi; Laura Quintieri; Donato Greco; Amel Mehrez; Imed Maatouk; Vito D’Ascanio; Ahmed Landoulsi; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed. Toxins 2021, 13, 185 .
AMA StyleChaima Ragoubi, Laura Quintieri, Donato Greco, Amel Mehrez, Imed Maatouk, Vito D’Ascanio, Ahmed Landoulsi, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed. Toxins. 2021; 13 (3):185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaima Ragoubi; Laura Quintieri; Donato Greco; Amel Mehrez; Imed Maatouk; Vito D’Ascanio; Ahmed Landoulsi; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2021. "Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed." Toxins 13, no. 3: 185.
Durian peel (DP) is an agricultural waste that is widely used in dyes and for organic and inorganic pollutant adsorption. In this study, durian peel was acid-treated to enhance its mycotoxin adsorption efficacy. The acid-treated durian peel (ATDP) was assessed for simultaneous adsorption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1). The structure of the ATDP was also characterized by SEM–EDS, FT–IR, a zetasizer, and a surface-area analyzer. The results indicated that ATDP exhibited the highest mycotoxin adsorption towards AFB1 (98.4%), ZEA (98.4%), and OTA (97.3%), followed by FB1 (86.1%) and DON (2.0%). The pH significantly affected OTA and FB1 adsorption, whereas AFB1 and ZEA adsorption was not affected. Toxin adsorption by ATDP was dose-dependent and increased exponentially as the ATDP dosage increased. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax), determined at pH 3 and pH 7, was 40.7 and 41.6 mmol kg−1 for AFB1, 15.4 and 17.3 mmol kg−1 for ZEA, 46.6 and 0.6 mmol kg−1 for OTA, and 28.9 and 0.1 mmol kg−1 for FB1, respectively. Interestingly, ATDP reduced the bioaccessibility of these mycotoxins after gastrointestinal digestion using an in vitro, validated, static model. The ATDP showed a more porous structure, with a larger surface area and a surface charge modification. These structural changes following acid treatment may explain the higher efficacy of ATDP in adsorbing mycotoxins. Hence, ATDP can be considered as a promising waste material for mycotoxin biosorption.
Saowalak Adunphatcharaphon; Awanwee Petchkongkaew; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Wonnop Visessanguan; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent. Toxins 2020, 12, 108 .
AMA StyleSaowalak Adunphatcharaphon, Awanwee Petchkongkaew, Donato Greco, Vito D’Ascanio, Wonnop Visessanguan, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):108.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaowalak Adunphatcharaphon; Awanwee Petchkongkaew; Donato Greco; Vito D’Ascanio; Wonnop Visessanguan; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2020. "The Effectiveness of Durian Peel as a Multi-Mycotoxin Adsorbent." Toxins 12, no. 2: 108.
Vito D'Ascanio; Donato Greco; Elena Menicagli; Elisa Santovito; Lucia Catucci; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption. Applied Clay Science 2019, 181, 1 .
AMA StyleVito D'Ascanio, Donato Greco, Elena Menicagli, Elisa Santovito, Lucia Catucci, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption. Applied Clay Science. 2019; 181 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVito D'Ascanio; Donato Greco; Elena Menicagli; Elisa Santovito; Lucia Catucci; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption." Applied Clay Science 181, no. : 1.
Mycotoxins are known worldwide as fungus-produced toxins that adulterate a wide heterogeneity of raw feed ingredients and final products. Consumption of mycotoxins-contaminated feed causes a plethora of harmful responses from acute toxicity to many persistent health disorders with lethal outcomes; such as mycotoxicosis when ingested by animals. Therefore, the main task for feed producers is to minimize the concentration of mycotoxin by applying different strategies aimed at minimizing the risk of mycotoxin effects on animals and human health. Once mycotoxins enter the production chain it is hard to eliminate or inactivate them. This paper examines the most recent findings on different processes and strategies for the reduction of toxicity of mycotoxins in animals. The review gives detailed information about the decontamination approaches to mitigate mycotoxin contamination of feedstuffs and compound feed, which could be implemented in practice.
Radmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins 2019, 11, 617 .
AMA StyleRadmilo Čolović, Nikola Puvača, Federica Cheli, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Donato Greco, Olivera Đuragić, Jovana Kos, Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins. 2019; 11 (11):617.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRadmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. 2019. "Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed." Toxins 11, no. 11: 617.
Yeast cell wall (YCW) products are currently used as substitutes to antibiotic growth promoters, to improve animal performances, and to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases in livestock. They are claimed to bind enteropathogens, thus interfering with their colonization in the intestinal mucosa. Although the anti-infectious activity of YCW products on Gram-positive pathogens like Clostridium perfringens has been reported in vivo, in vitro evidences on the adsorption of C. perfringens by YCW fractions are not yet available. Preliminary results showed that purified YCW products exert antimicrobial activity toward C. perfringens. Using the adsorption isotherm approach, we measured the ability of YCW products in adsorbing C. perfringens, thus reducing its viability. Dosages of YCW products >1 mg/mL adsorbed 4 Log colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of C. perfringens in buffered solution. The maximum adsorption of the bacterium was reached in 3 h, whereas only one product of four YCW products retained the adsorption up to 6 h. The analysis of equilibrium isotherms and adsorption kinetics revealed that all products adsorb C. perfringens in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with high affinity and capacity, sequestering up to 4 Log CFU/mg of product. The determination of adsorption parameters allows to differentiate among adsorbents and select the most efficient product. This approach discriminated among YCW products more efficiently than the antimicrobial assay. In conclusion, this study suggests that the ability of YCW products in reducing C. perfringens viability can be the result of an adsorption mechanism.
Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2019, 16, 630 -637.
AMA StyleElisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Virginie Marquis, Ruth Raspoet, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2019; 16 (9):630-637.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "Equilibrium Isotherm Approach to Measure the Capability of Yeast Cell Wall to AdsorbClostridium perfringens." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 16, no. 9: 630-637.
Yeast cell wall (YCW) products are used worldwide as alternatives to antibiotics growth promoters for health and performances improvement in livestock. The success of yeast and YCW products as feed additives in farm animals' nutrition relies on their capacity to bind enteropathogenic bacteria and on their immunomodulatory activity. In vivo studies report their anti-infectious activity on Gram-positive pathogens like clostridia. However, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of YCW products seems to be limited to some Gram-negative enteropathogens, and literature lacks in vitro evidences for antimicrobial effect of YCW products against Clostridium perfringens. This study aims to measure the antimicrobial activity of YCW products on C. perfringens. Five different YCW products were assayed for their capacity to inhibit the growth of C. perfringens, by analyzing the growth kinetics of the pathogen. All YCW products inhibited the growth of the pathogen, by reducing the growth rate and the maximum growth value and extending the lag phase duration. The effect on the growth parameters was product and dosage dependent. The most effective YCW (namely YCW2), at the minimum effective concentration of 1.25 mg/mL, increased the lag phase duration by 3.6 h, reduced the maximum growth rate by >50%, and reduced the final cell count by 102 colony-forming unit per milliliter in 24 h, with respect to the control. YCW products did not show a strain-dependent impact on C. perfringens growth when tested on different strains of the bacterium.
Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Vito D'Ascanio; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2019, 16, 638 -647.
AMA StyleElisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Virginie Marquis, Ruth Raspoet, Vito D'Ascanio, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2019; 16 (9):638-647.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Virginie Marquis; Ruth Raspoet; Vito D'Ascanio; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2019. "Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast Cell Wall Products AgainstClostridium perfringens." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 16, no. 9: 638-647.
Rosin acids (RA) from coniferous trees are used in folk medicine for healing various skin infections. Despite the antimicrobial potential of RA, their poor solubility in aqueous media may limit their use. In this work RA-loaded polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (RA-NPs) with enhanced antimicrobial properties against foodborne bacterial pathogens were produced. RA-NPs were prepared by solvent displacement technique and characterized for relevant colloidal features by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler anemometry and transmission electron microscopy. Association of RA to NPs occurred with high yields (86% w/w). RA and RA-NPs (∼130 nm) were strongly active against antibiotic-sensitive Gram + pathogens, i.e. Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, both failed in inhibiting the growth of Gram – pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). Association to NPs enhanced the antimicrobial activity of RA. MIC, IC50, IC90, and MBC values of RA-NPs were ten-times lower than RA. RA-NPs did not change the intrinsic toxicity potential of RA. This is the first study on the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of RA when associated to nanocarriers. This approach may be an effective strategy to produce aqueous-based RA solutions with enhanced antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant Gram + pathogens.
Elisa Santovito; José das Neves; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Bruno Sarmento; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2018, 46, S414 -S422.
AMA StyleElisa Santovito, José das Neves, Donato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Bruno Sarmento, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2018; 46 (sup3):S414-S422.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Santovito; José das Neves; Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Bruno Sarmento; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 46, no. sup3: S414-S422.
BACKGROUND Biosorption using agricultural byproducts has been proven as a low cost and safe way to sequester mycotoxins. Few agricultural byproducts have been studied for their efficacy in adsorbing simultaneously a large range of mycotoxins. The present work compared the ability of 51 agricultural byproducts to adsorb mycotoxins from liquid mediums simulating physiological pH values, and it studied the mechanism for mycotoxin adsorption by isotherm adsorption experiments. RESULTS Grape pomaces, artichoke wastes and almond hulls were selected as promising biosorbents for mycotoxins, being quite effective towards aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA), and ochratoxin A (OTA). Their adsorption was not affected by medium pH, and the adsorbed fraction was not released when pH rose from acid to neutral values. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was adsorbed at lesser extent, while deoxynivalenol (DON) adsorption was not recorded. For the selected biosorbents, maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the best fitting model (Freundlich, Langmuir, or Sips equation) ranged from 1.2 to 2.9 μg mg‐1 for AFB1, 1.3 to 2.7 μg mg‐1 for ZEA, 0.03 from 2.9 μg mg‐1 for OTA, and 0.01‐1.1 μg mg‐1 for FB1. CONCLUSION The present study confirms that some agricultural byproducts can find technological applications as feed/food additives for mycotoxin reduction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Donato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Elisa Santovito; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018, 99, 1623 -1634.
AMA StyleDonato Greco, Vito D'Ascanio, Elisa Santovito, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018; 99 (4):1623-1634.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonato Greco; Vito D'Ascanio; Elisa Santovito; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Comparative efficacy of agricultural by-products in sequestering mycotoxins." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99, no. 4: 1623-1634.
The population increase in the last century was the first cause of the industrialization of animal productions, together with the necessity to satisfy the high food demand and the lack of space and land for the husbandry practices. As a consequence, the farmers moved from extensive to intensive agricultural systems and introduced new practices, such as the administration of antimicrobial drugs. Antibiotics were then used as growth promoters and for disease prevention. The uncontrolled and continuous use of antibiotics contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance in animals, and this had adverse impacts on human health. This emergence led the European Union, in 2003, to ban the marketing and use of antibiotics as growth promoters, and for prophylaxis purposes from January 2006. This ban caused problems in farms, due to the decrease in animal performances (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, reproduction, etc.), and the rise in the incidence of certain diseases, such as those induced by Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. The economic losses due to the ban increased the interest in researching alternative strategies for the prophylaxis of infectious diseases and for health and growth promotion, such as feed additives. Yeast-based materials, such as cell wall extract, represent promising alternatives to antibiotics, on the base of their prebiotic activity and their claimed capacity to bind enteropathogenic bacteria. Several authors reported examples of the effectiveness of yeast cell wall products in adsorbing bacteria, but there is a lack of knowledge on the mechanisms involved in this interaction. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current approaches used for the control of pathogenic bacteria in feed, with a particular focus on the use of yeast-derived materials proposed to control zoonoses at farm level, and on their effect on animal health.
Elisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2018, 15, 531 -537.
AMA StyleElisa Santovito, Donato Greco, Antonio F. Logrieco, Giuseppina Avantaggiato. Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2018; 15 (9):531-537.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Santovito; Donato Greco; Antonio F. Logrieco; Giuseppina Avantaggiato. 2018. "Eubiotics for Food Security at Farm Level: Yeast Cell Wall Products and Their Antimicrobial Potential Against Pathogenic Bacteria." Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 15, no. 9: 531-537.
Grape pomace (pulp and skins) was investigated as a new biosorbent for removing mycotoxins from liquid media. In vitro adsorption experiments showed that the pomace obtained from Primitivo grapes is able to sequester rapidly and simultaneously different mycotoxins. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was the most adsorbed mycotoxin followed by zearalenone (ZEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B1 (FB1), whereas the adsorption of deoxynivalenol (DON) was negligible. AFB1 and ZEA adsorptions were not affected by changing pH values in the pH 3-8 range, whereas OTA and FB1 adsorptions were significantly affected by pH. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms obtained at different temperatures (5-70 °C) and pH values (3 and 7) were modeled and evaluated using the Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips, and Hill models. The goodness of the fits and the parameters involved in the adsorption mechanism were calculated by the nonlinear regression analysis method. The best-fitting models to describe AFB1, ZEA, and OTA adsorption by grape pomace were the Sips, Langmuir, and Freundlich models, respectively. The Langmuir and Sips models were the best models for FB1 adsorption at pH 7 and 3, respectively. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities (mmol/kg dried pomace) calculated at pH 7 and 3 decreased in the following order: AFB1 (15.0 and 15.1) > ZEA (8.6 and 8.3) > OTA (6.3-6.9) > FB1 (2.2 and 0.4). Single- and multi-mycotoxin adsorption isotherms showed that toxin adsorption is not affected by the simultaneous presence of different mycotoxins in the liquid medium. The profiles of adsorption isotherms obtained at different temperatures and pH and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS°) suggest that mycotoxin adsorption is an exothermic and spontaneous process, which involves physisorption weak associations. Hydrophobic interactions may be associated with AFB1 and ZEA adsorption, whereas polar noncovalent interactions may be associated with OTA and FB1 adsorption. In conclusion, this study suggests that biosorption of mycotoxins onto grape pomace may be a reasonably low-cost decontamination method.
Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Anna Damascelli; Michele Solfrizzo; Angelo Visconti. Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013, 62, 497 -507.
AMA StyleGiuseppina Avantaggiato, Donato Greco, Anna Damascelli, Michele Solfrizzo, Angelo Visconti. Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2013; 62 (2):497-507.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Anna Damascelli; Michele Solfrizzo; Angelo Visconti. 2013. "Assessment of Multi-mycotoxin Adsorption Efficacy of Grape Pomace." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, no. 2: 497-507.