Deproteinised bovine bone (DBB) is widely used as bone substitute in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) surgery. No previous studies have shown the long-term volumetric changes in the augmented bone when using DBB. The selected patients had MFSA performed using a lateral window technique and a xenograft, alone or in combination with the patient’s autologous bone from the mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to compare the volumetric changes in the augmented bone for patients over a period of 6 or more years. No significant bone reduction was seen in the augmented bone region when comparing MSFA after 7 months and 6 or more years after dental implantation.

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of implementing a virtual treatment plan in orthognathic surgery. Methods: The study included 30 patients (11 males and 19 females with a mean age of 23.7 years) with a digital surgical plan. All patients underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: LeFort I osteotomy of the maxilla combined with bilateral split sagittal osteotomy (BSSO) of the mandible. Eleven landmarks on the pre-surgical (planned) model and the same landmarks on the post-surgical model were used for comparison and linear difference measurements between the real and predicted outcomes in all three planes—transversal, sagittal, and vertical. Results: All median values fell within the 2 mm range in the transversal plane, and the mean displacement was 0.57 mm. In the sagittal and vertical planes, the treatment outcome in the maxilla was more precise than in the mandible. The mean displacement in the sagittal plane was −0.88 mm and that in the vertical plane was 0.44 mm. All deviations were less than 2 mm. Conclusions: The data obtained in this study show that the digital surgical plan for orthognathic surgery is clinically reliable in all planes.

Background and Objectives: Orbital floor fractures are challenging to treat, due to the complex orbital anatomy and limited surgical access. Emerging technologies—such as virtual surgical planning (VSP), 3D printing, patient-specific implants (PSIs), and intraoperative navigation—offer promising advancements to improve the surgical precision and clinical outcomes. This review systematically evaluates and synthesizes current technological modalities with respect to their accuracy, operative duration, cost-effectiveness, and postoperative functional outcomes. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The PubMed, Scopus, and PRIMO databases were searched for clinical studies published between 2019 and September 2024. Out of 229 articles identified, 9 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using the PICO framework. Results: VSP and 3D printing enhanced diagnostics and presurgical planning, offering improved accuracy and reduced planning time. Pre-bent PSIs shaped on 3D models showed superior accuracy, lower operative times, and better cost efficiency compared to intraoperative mesh shaping. Custom-designed PSIs offered high precision and clinical benefit but required a longer production time. Intraoperative navigation improved implant positioning and reduced the complication rates, though a detailed cost analysis remains limited. Conclusions: VSP, 3D printing, and intraoperative navigation significantly improve surgical planning and outcomes in orbital floor reconstruction. Pre-bent PSIs provide a time- and cost-effective solution with strong clinical performance. While customized PSIs offer accuracy, they are less practical in time-sensitive settings. Navigation systems are promising tools that enhance outcomes and may serve as an alternative to custom implants when time or resources are limited.

Facial morphology is known to be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Scientific evidence regarding facial parameters in patients with posterior crossbite is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the association between posterior crossbite and facial parameters. This cross-sectional study included 34 adolescents with and 34 adolescents without posterior crossbite in the age range from 13 to 15 years. Facial surface scans were acquired with a 3dMD imaging system, and landmark-based analysis was performed. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman’s correlations. Individuals in the control group had lower face heights (females: p = 0.003, r = 0.45; males: p = 0.005, r = 0.57). The control group females presented with smaller intercanthal width (p = 0.04; r = 0.31) and anatomical nose width (p = 0.004; r = 0.43) compared with the crossbite group females. The males in the control group had wider nostrils. In the control group, significant correlations among different facial parameters were more common, including the correlations between eye width and other transversal face measurements. On the contrary, the facial width was correlated with nasal protrusion (r = 0.657; p < 0.01) and the morphological width of the nose (r = 0.505; p < 0.05) in the crossbite group alone. In both groups, the philtrum width was linked with the anatomical and morphological widths of the nose. Conclusions: Patients with posterior crossbites have increased face height and different patterns of facial proportions compared with individuals without crossbites.

Evaluate volumetric stability and symmetry of Biphasic Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/collagen (BCP-collagen) implants in malar augmentation post-orthognathic surgery over one year using Cone-Beam-CT (CBCT) and explore influencing factors. Retrospective case-series analysis of 45 patients (38 females) who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with malar augmentation using BCP-collagen implants. CBCT scans were taken at 1 week, 4 months, and 12 months post-surgery. Regression analysis explored potential factors influencing volume loss, including age and sex (p < 0.05). Median patient-age was 26 years (IQR: 22-32). One week postoperatively, median implant-volume was 1356.70 mm³ (SD = 5888.53). By four-months, it decreased to 985.46 mm³ (SD = 4352.47), a 25.4 % reduction (p < 0.001). Afterwards, a 1.3 % volume decrease (p = 0.42). Volume loss varied between 35.1 and 14.7 %. Asymmetry >7 % was observed in 17.7 % of patients. No significant differences in volume loss were found between sexes (p = 0.6) or age groups (p > 0.9). Regression showed no significant associations with age (β = 0.02, 95 %CI: -0.48, 0.53, p > 0.9) or sex (β = 11, 95 %CI: -30, 52, p = 0.6). BCP-collagen implants exhibit early volume loss but stabilise long-term. High variability and asymmetry in volumetric changes challenge standard overcorrection strategies, emphasising the need for early monitoring. CBCT enables precise volumetric assessment and may improve surgical decision-making.

Introduction: Missing teeth in growing patients require treatment approaches that preserve alveolar bone and support continued development. Autotransplantation offers a biological alternative to implants, yet severely compromised recipient sites and immature donor teeth present clinical challenges. This case series describes a sequential double autotransplantation protocol using immature first‐stage autotransplants to preserve alveolar architecture and exploit the osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells for alveolar bone regeneration. Methods: Three patients (ages 16–18 years) with severe bone defects, oroantral communication, or cystic pathology underwent planned two‐stage autotransplantation. CBCT‐guided planning and 3D‐printed templates were used to minimize extra‐alveolar time. Immature donor teeth were used as first‐stage transplants to preserve alveolar architecture and periodontal space prior to definitive transplantation. Secondary transplantation with a more developmentally mature donor followed assessment at 12 months. Results: All cases achieved favorable outcomes at 24 months after second‐stage autotransplantation, including pulp chamber obliteration without periapical pathology or clinical symptoms, consistent with maintained pulp vitality, continued root development, and periodontal probing depths of 2–3 mm at final follow‐up. Conclusions: The primary lesson is that recipient site condition, rather than donor tooth development alone, determines prognosis in severely compromised cases, and a staged protocol can preserve alveolar architecture for definitive rehabilitation. Recipient site condition, rather than donor tooth developmental stage alone, appears to be the primary determinant of outcome in severely compromised cases. Validation through larger controlled studies remains essential.