Everolimus (EVE), an mTOR inhibitor, is widely used in solid organ transplantation (SOT) because of its immunosuppressive properties. Due to its narrow therapeutic window and significant pharmacokinetic variability, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential for achieving optimal outcomes. We developed and thoroughly validated a robust LC-MS/MS method to measure EVE levels in venous whole blood (WB) and capillary blood collected using two microsampling devices: Mitra™ (volumetric absorptive microsampling, VAMS) and Capitainer^® (quantitative dried blood spot, qDBS). The validation followed EMA and IATDMCT guidelines, assessing linearity (1.27–64.80 ng/mL for WB and 0.50–60 ng/mL for VAMS/qDBS), as well as selectivity, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, recovery, stability, and incurred sample reanalysis. Clinical validation involved 66 matched samples from 33 adult SOT recipients. The method demonstrated high accuracy and precision across all matrices, with no significant carryover or matrix interference. Statistical analysis using Passing–Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots showed excellent agreement between the microsampling methods and the venous reference. Hematocrit effects were tested both in laboratory conditions and on clinical samples and were found to be negligible. This study provides the first comprehensive analytical and clinical validation of the Mitra and Capitainer devices for EVE monitoring. The validated LC-MS/MS microsampling method supports decentralized, patient-centred TDM, offering a reliable alternative to conventional blood sampling in transplant care.

Background. Future doctors should be able to choose a specialization that aligns with their personality, allowing them to achieve the highest levels of job satisfaction and avoid burnout. Aim. The aim of the study is to assess the correlation between job satisfaction and specific personality traits, and to evaluate burnout across different medical specialties. Material and methods. 297 Polish doctors, comprising 73.5% women and 26.8% men from various specialties, were assessed using the Five Factor Big Five model, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and a job satisfaction scale. Results. Results reveal that the following personality traits: extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness positively correlate with higher job satisfaction, while neuroticism significantly reduces it. For instance, agreeableness boosts job satisfaction for Internists, Surgeons, Orthopedists, and Anesthesiologists, while extraversion is especially beneficial for Anesthesiologists. Neuroticism, on the other hand, contributes to lower satisfaction across all specialties. Physicians experiencing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization often reported reduced satisfaction. Conclusions. The findings indicate that extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness can promote job satisfaction, while neuroticism diminishes it. Additionally, the role of openness in job satisfaction remains unclear, requiring further research. Burnout, driven by workplace stress, may significantly hinder doctors' job satisfaction, underscoring the need for better work conditions and support mechanisms.

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the retina and is classified into non-proliferative (NDPR) and proliferative (PDR) forms with diabetic macular edema (DME) representing an additional sight-threatening manifestation. Aim This study provides a comprehensive overview of diabetic retinopathy, integrating current knowledge of its pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostic methods, treatment options and potential impact of physical activity on disease prevention and progression. Material and methods This study was conducted as a review of the selected literature on diabetic retinopathy available in the PubMed database. Keywords included “Diabetic retinopathy”, “Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy”, “Proliferative diabetic retinopathy”, “Glycemic control”, “ Physical activity”. Results Diabetic retinopathy can remain asymptomatic for long periods, making regular eye examinations essential for its early detection. Strict control of blood glucose and blood pressure helps prevent the onset and slow the progression of diabetic retinopathy with inflammation playing a central role in its pathogenesis. In addition, physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of DR with a particularly strong protective effect against vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR). Current treatments include intravitreal corticosteroids, anti-VEGF agents, vitrectomy and laser photocoagulation. Early diagnosis combined with optimized management can significantly reduce the risk of permanent visual loss. Conclusion Diabetic retinopathy is a primary contributor to vision loss in working-age adults in developed countries. Growing insights into its pathogenesis and the discovery of new therapeutic targets offer promising opportunities for improved treatment.

Background: Organ transplantation is an increasingly performed life‐saving procedure. While survival rates have improved, long‐term outcomes remain challenging. Posttransplant metabolic syndrome (PTMS) affects many solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, increasing cardiovascular risks. Physical activity (PA) is crucial for preventing PTMS and preserving graft function. This study aimed to analyze PA patterns among Polish SOT recipients. Materials and Methods: An anonymous paper survey using a cross‐sectional study design was carried out among patients from one transplant center in Poland. Data were collected from June 2023 to November 2023. We analyzed the correlation between gender, age, body mass index (BMI), time since transplantation, and the number of transplanted organs with patients’ PA using nonparametric tests and logistic regression analysis. Results: Data were collected from 229 respondents: 128 males, 100 females, and one participant who did not provide gender information. A total of 67.3% of patients perceived transplantation as beneficial for their PA, while 19.2% declared a negative impact. Logistic regression revealed that age, BMI, and time since transplantation were not significant predictors of the overall PA level. However, gender significantly differentiated exercise intensity: men tend to spend more time on vigorous activities than women ( p < 0.001) and they participate in such activities more frequently during an average week ( p = 0.004). Furthermore, while age did not determine objective activity levels, older age was significantly correlated with a more negative subjective perception of the transplant’s impact on physical function ( p = 0.045, rho = −0.138). Conclusion: Physical inactivity appears to be a systemic issue among SOT recipients, largely independent of standard clinical parameters like BMI or time since surgery. While men engage more in high‐intensity exercise, older recipients face greater subjective barriers. These findings underscore the urgent need for universal, gender‐tailored, and psychologically supportive exercise programs to improve long‐term outcomes in the SOT population.

Introduction: Smoking and alcohol consumption are two harmful yet socially accepted habits in Poland. The main focus of this study was to assess patterns of tobacco and alcohol consumption in Polish transplant patients. Methods: A survey was conducted between June and November 2023 at a...