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Prof. Marylène Poirié
1. Biological Sciences Department, Côte d'Azur University, 28 Avenue of Valrose, Valrose Park, 06 103 Nice Cedex 2, France

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Immune interactions between hosts and parasitoid wasps
0 Parasitoid wasps' venom contents (identification of relevant proteins and their functions)
0 Experimental evolution of venom depending on biotic and abiotic factors
0 Venom comparison between venomous organisms
0 Sex detemination mechanisms in Hymenoptera

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Experimental evolution of venom depending on biotic and abiotic factors

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Journal article
Published: 19 July 2021 in Toxins
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Meteorus pulchricornis (Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae) is an endoparasitoid wasp of lepidopteran caterpillars. Its parasitic success relies on vesicles (named M. pulchricornis Virus-Like Particles or MpVLPs) that are synthesized in the venom gland and injected into the parasitoid host along with the venom during oviposition. In order to define the content and understand the biogenesis of these atypical vesicles, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the venom gland and a proteomic analysis of the venom and purified MpVLPs. About half of the MpVLPs and soluble venom proteins identified were unknown and no similarity with any known viral sequence was found. However, MpVLPs contained a large number of proteins labelled as metalloproteinases while the most abundant protein family in the soluble venom was that of proteins containing the Domain of Unknown Function DUF-4803. The high number of these proteins identified suggests that a large expansion of these two protein families occurred in M. pulchricornis. Therefore, although the exact mechanism of MpVLPs formation remains to be elucidated, these vesicles appear to be “metalloproteinase bombs” that may have several physiological roles in the host including modifying the functions of its immune cells. The role of DUF4803 proteins, also present in the venom of other braconids, remains to be clarified.

ACS Style

Jean-Luc Gatti; Maya Belghazi; Fabrice Legeai; Marc Ravallec; Marie Frayssinet; Stéphanie Robin; Djibril Aboubakar-Souna; Ramasamy Srinivasan; Manuele Tamò; Marylène Poirié; Anne-Nathalie Volkoff. Proteo-Trancriptomic Analyses Reveal a Large Expansion of Metalloprotease-Like Proteins in Atypical Venom Vesicles of the Wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae). Toxins 2021, 13, 502 .

AMA Style

Jean-Luc Gatti, Maya Belghazi, Fabrice Legeai, Marc Ravallec, Marie Frayssinet, Stéphanie Robin, Djibril Aboubakar-Souna, Ramasamy Srinivasan, Manuele Tamò, Marylène Poirié, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff. Proteo-Trancriptomic Analyses Reveal a Large Expansion of Metalloprotease-Like Proteins in Atypical Venom Vesicles of the Wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae). Toxins. 2021; 13 (7):502.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jean-Luc Gatti; Maya Belghazi; Fabrice Legeai; Marc Ravallec; Marie Frayssinet; Stéphanie Robin; Djibril Aboubakar-Souna; Ramasamy Srinivasan; Manuele Tamò; Marylène Poirié; Anne-Nathalie Volkoff. 2021. "Proteo-Trancriptomic Analyses Reveal a Large Expansion of Metalloprotease-Like Proteins in Atypical Venom Vesicles of the Wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae)." Toxins 13, no. 7: 502.

Journal article
Published: 15 July 2021 in Insects
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Temperature is particularly important for ectotherms, including endoparasitoid wasps that develop inside another ectotherm host. In this study, we tested the impact of three temperatures (20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C) on the host–parasitoid immune interaction using two Drosophila host species (Drosophila melanogaster and D. yakuba) and two parasitoid lines of Leptopilina boulardi. Drosophila’s immune defense against parasitoids consists of the formation of a melanized capsule surrounding the parasitoid egg. To counteract this response, Leptopilina parasitoids rely on the injection of venom during oviposition. Here, we tested the effect of temperature on parasitic success and host encapsulation capacity in response to a parasitoid egg or other foreign body. Increased temperature either promoted or did not affect the parasitic success, depending on the parasitoid–host pairs considered. The mechanisms behind the higher success seemed to vary depending on whether the temperature primarily affected the host immune response or also affected the parasitoid counter-immune response. Next, we tested the effect of parasitoid rearing temperature on its success and venom composition. Venom composition varied strongly with temperature for both parasitoid lines, partially consistent with a change in their parasitic success. Overall, temperature may have a significant impact on the host–parasitoid immune interaction.

ACS Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Jean-Luc Gatti; Dominique Colinet; Marylène Poirié. Impact of Temperature on the Immune Interaction between a Parasitoid Wasp and Drosophila Host Species. Insects 2021, 12, 647 .

AMA Style

Fanny Cavigliasso, Jean-Luc Gatti, Dominique Colinet, Marylène Poirié. Impact of Temperature on the Immune Interaction between a Parasitoid Wasp and Drosophila Host Species. Insects. 2021; 12 (7):647.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Jean-Luc Gatti; Dominique Colinet; Marylène Poirié. 2021. "Impact of Temperature on the Immune Interaction between a Parasitoid Wasp and Drosophila Host Species." Insects 12, no. 7: 647.

Original article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Insect Science
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The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum hosts different facultative symbionts (FS) which provide it with various benefits, such as tolerance to heat or protection against natural enemies (e.g. fungi, parasitoid wasps). Here, we investigated whether and how the presence of certain FS could affect phenoloxidase activity, a key component of insect innate immunity, under normal and stressed conditions. For this, we used clones of A. pisum of different genetic backgrounds (LL01, YR2 and T3‐8V1) lacking FS or harboring one or two (Regiella insecticola, Hamiltonella defensa, Serratia symbiotica + Rickettsiella viridis). Gene expression and proteomics analyses of the aphid hemolymph indicated that the two A. pisum phenoloxidases, PPO1 and PPO2, are expressed and translated into proteins. The level of PPO genes expression as well as the amount of PPO proteins and phenoloxidase activity in the hemolymph depended on both the aphid genotype and FS species. In particular, H. defensa and R. insecticola, but not S. symbiotica + R. viridis, caused a sharp decrease in PO activity by interfering with both transcription and translation. The microinjection of different types of stressors (yeast, Escherichia coli, latex beads) in the YR2 lines hosting different symbionts affected the survival rate of aphids and, in most cases, also decreased the expression of PPO genes after 24 h. The amount and activity of PPO proteins varied according to the type of FS and stressor, without clear corresponding changes in gene expression. These data demonstrate that the presence of certain facultative symbionts influences an important component of pea aphid immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Chen Luo; Maya Belghazi; Antonin Schmitz; Séverine Lemauf; Nicolas Desneux; Jean‐Christophe Simon; Marylène Poirié; Jean‐Luc Gatti. Hosting certain facultative symbionts modulates the phenoloxidase activity and immune response of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Insect Science 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Chen Luo, Maya Belghazi, Antonin Schmitz, Séverine Lemauf, Nicolas Desneux, Jean‐Christophe Simon, Marylène Poirié, Jean‐Luc Gatti. Hosting certain facultative symbionts modulates the phenoloxidase activity and immune response of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Insect Science. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen Luo; Maya Belghazi; Antonin Schmitz; Séverine Lemauf; Nicolas Desneux; Jean‐Christophe Simon; Marylène Poirié; Jean‐Luc Gatti. 2020. "Hosting certain facultative symbionts modulates the phenoloxidase activity and immune response of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insect Science , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 25 October 2020
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Female endoparasitoid wasps usually inject venom into hosts to suppress their immune response and ensure offspring development. However, the parasitoid’s ability to evolve towards increased success on a given host simultaneously with the evolution of the composition of its venom has never been demonstrated. Here, we designed an experimental evolution to address this question. We crossed two parasitoid lines of Leptopilina boulardi differing both in parasitic success on different Drosophila hosts and venom composition. F2 descendants were reared on three different Drosophila species for nine generations. We tested for evolution of parasitic success over the generations and for the capacity of parasitoids selected on a given host to succeed on another host. We also tested whether the venom composition - based on a statistical analysis of the variation in intensity of the venom protein bands on SDS-PAGE 1D - evolved in response to different host species. Results showed a specialization of the parasitoids on their selection host and a rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition according to the host. Overall, data suggest a high potential for parasitoids to adapt to a new host, which may have important consequences in the field as well in the context of biological control.

ACS Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathe-Hubert; Jean-Luc Gatti; Dominique Colinet; Marylene Poirie. Parasitic success and venom composition evolve upon specialization of parasitoid wasps to different host species. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Fanny Cavigliasso, Hugo Mathe-Hubert, Jean-Luc Gatti, Dominique Colinet, Marylene Poirie. Parasitic success and venom composition evolve upon specialization of parasitoid wasps to different host species. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathe-Hubert; Jean-Luc Gatti; Dominique Colinet; Marylene Poirie. 2020. "Parasitic success and venom composition evolve upon specialization of parasitoid wasps to different host species." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Insects
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Bioinsecticides made from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are the bestselling bioinsecticide worldwide. Among Bt bioinsecticides, those based on the strain Bt subsp. kurstaki (Btk) are widely used in farming to specifically control pest lepidopteran larvae. Although there is much evidence of the lack of acute lethality of Btk products for non-target animals, only scarce data are available on their potential non-lethal developmental adverse effects. Using a concentration that could be reached in the field upon sprayings, we show that Btk products impair growth and developmental time of the non-target dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate that these effects are mediated by the synergy between Btk bacteria and Btk insecticidal toxins. We further show that Btk bioinsecticides trigger intestinal cell death and alter protein digestion without modifying the food intake and feeding behavior of the larvae. Interestingly, these harmful effects can be mitigated by a protein-rich diet or by adding the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum into the food. Finally, we unravel two new cellular mechanisms allowing the larval midgut to maintain its integrity upon Btk aggression: First the flattening of surviving enterocytes and second, the generation of new immature cells arising from the adult midgut precursor cells. Together, these mechanisms participate to quickly fill in the holes left by the dying enterocytes.

ACS Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Aurélie Babin; Matthieu Pasco; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Armel Gallet. Bacillus thuringiensis Bioinsecticides Induce Developmental Defects in Non-Target Drosophilamelanogaster Larvae. Insects 2020, 11, 697 .

AMA Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito, Aurélie Babin, Matthieu Pasco, Marylène Poirié, Jean-Luc Gatti, Armel Gallet. Bacillus thuringiensis Bioinsecticides Induce Developmental Defects in Non-Target Drosophilamelanogaster Larvae. Insects. 2020; 11 (10):697.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Aurélie Babin; Matthieu Pasco; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Armel Gallet. 2020. "Bacillus thuringiensis Bioinsecticides Induce Developmental Defects in Non-Target Drosophilamelanogaster Larvae." Insects 11, no. 10: 697.

Conference paper
Published: 02 September 2020 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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Legumes can meet their nitrogen requirements through root nodule symbiosis, which could also trigger plant systemic resistance against pests. The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum , a legume pest, can harbour different facultative symbionts (FS) influencing various traits of their hosts. It is therefore worth determining if and how the symbionts of the plant and the aphid modulate their interaction. We used different pea aphid lines without FS or with a single one ( Hamiltonella defensa , Regiella insecticola, Serratia symbiotica ) to infest Medicago truncatula plants inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti (symbiotic nitrogen fixation, SNF) or supplemented with nitrate (non-inoculated, NI). The growth of SNF and NI plants was reduced by aphid infestation, while aphid weight (but not survival) was lowered on SNF compared to NI plants. Aphids strongly affected the plant nitrogen fixation depending on their symbiotic status, suggesting indirect relationships between aphid- and plant-associated microbes. Finally, all aphid lines triggered expression of Pathogenesis-Related Protein 1 ( PR1 ) and Proteinase Inhibitor (PI) , respective markers for salicylic and jasmonic pathways, in SNF plants, compared to only PR1 in NI plants. We demonstrate that the plant symbiotic status influences plant–aphid interactions while that of the aphid can modulate the amplitude of the plant's defence response.

ACS Style

Gaurav Pandharikar; Jean-Luc Gatti; Jean-Christophe Simon; Pierre Frendo; Marylène Poirié. Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing Medicago truncatula and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2020, 287, 20201493 .

AMA Style

Gaurav Pandharikar, Jean-Luc Gatti, Jean-Christophe Simon, Pierre Frendo, Marylène Poirié. Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing Medicago truncatula and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2020; 287 (1934):20201493.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gaurav Pandharikar; Jean-Luc Gatti; Jean-Christophe Simon; Pierre Frendo; Marylène Poirié. 2020. "Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing Medicago truncatula and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1934: 20201493.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2020 in Insects
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The pupal ectoparasitoid Pachycrepoideus vindemiae injects venom into its fly hosts prior to oviposition. We have shown that this venom causes immune suppression in Drosophila melanogaster pupa but the mechanism involved remained unclear. Here, we show using transgenic D. melanogaster with fluorescent hemocytes that the in vivo number of plasmatocytes and lamellocytes decreases after envenomation while it has a limited effect on crystal cells. After in vitro incubation with venom, the cytoskeleton of plasmatocytes underwent rearrangement with actin aggregation around the internal vacuoles, which increased with incubation time and venom concentration. The venom also decreased the lamellocytes adhesion capacity and induced nucleus fragmentation. Electron microscopy observation revealed that the shape of the nucleus and mitochondria became irregular after in vivo incubation with venom and confirmed the increased vacuolization with the formation of autophagosomes-like structures. Almost all venom-treated hemocytes became positive for TUNEL assays, indicating massive induced apoptosis. In support, the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK attenuated the venom-induced morphological changes suggesting an involvement of caspases. Our data indicate that P. vindemiae venom inhibits D. melanogaster host immunity by inducing strong apoptosis in hemocytes. These assays will help identify the individual venom component(s) responsible and the precise mechanism(s)/pathway(s) involved.

ACS Style

Bin Wan; Lei Yang; Jiao Zhang; Liming Qiu; Qi Fang; Hongwei Yao; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Gongyin Ye. The Venom of the Ectoparasitoid Wasp Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Induces Apoptosis of Drosophila melanogaster Hemocytes. Insects 2020, 11, 363 .

AMA Style

Bin Wan, Lei Yang, Jiao Zhang, Liming Qiu, Qi Fang, Hongwei Yao, Marylène Poirié, Jean-Luc Gatti, Gongyin Ye. The Venom of the Ectoparasitoid Wasp Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Induces Apoptosis of Drosophila melanogaster Hemocytes. Insects. 2020; 11 (6):363.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bin Wan; Lei Yang; Jiao Zhang; Liming Qiu; Qi Fang; Hongwei Yao; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Gongyin Ye. 2020. "The Venom of the Ectoparasitoid Wasp Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Induces Apoptosis of Drosophila melanogaster Hemocytes." Insects 11, no. 6: 363.

Preprint content
Published: 02 May 2020
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Bioinsecticides made from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are the best-selling bioinsecticide worldwide. Among Bt bioinsecticides, those based on the strain Bt var. kurstaki (Btk) are widely used in farming to specifically control pest lepidopteran larvae. Although there is much evidence of the lack of acute lethality of Btk products for non-target animals, only scarce data are available on their potential non-lethal developmental adverse effects. Using doses that could be reached in the field upon sprayings, we have shown that Btk products impair growth and developmental time of the non-target dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. These effects are mediated by the synergy between Btk bacteria and Btk insecticidal toxins, which induces a significant apoptosis of larval enterocytes, resulting in a decreased intestinal capacity to digest proteins. The harmful effects can be mitigated by a protein-rich diet or by adding the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum into the food. Finally, we showed that the larval midgut maintain its integrity upon Btk aggression thanks to both the flattening of surviving enterocytes and the generation of new immature cells arising from the adult midgut precursor cells.

ACS Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Aurélie Babin; Matthieu Pasco; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Armel Gallet. Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides induce developmental defects in non-target Drosophila melanogaster larvae. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito, Aurélie Babin, Matthieu Pasco, Marylène Poirié, Jean-Luc Gatti, Armel Gallet. Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides induce developmental defects in non-target Drosophila melanogaster larvae. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Aurélie Babin; Matthieu Pasco; Marylène Poirié; Jean-Luc Gatti; Armel Gallet. 2020. "Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides induce developmental defects in non-target Drosophila melanogaster larvae." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 14 November 2019
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Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biocontrol, and infecting aphids requires overcoming both aphid defenses and their defensive endosymbionts. Results We present thede novogenome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids:Aphidius erviandLysiphlebus fabarum(Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp), highly syntenic, and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8% and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage, and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and age-specific energy demands. We identify expansions of F-box/Leucine-rich-repeat proteins, suggesting that diversification in this gene family may be associated with their broad host range or with countering defenses from aphids’ endosymbionts. The absence of some immune genes (Toll and Imd pathways) resembles similar losses in their aphid hosts, highlighting the potential impact of symbiosis on both aphids and their parasitoids. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and beyond. This will provide a strong foundation for further functional studies including coevolution with respect to their hosts, the basis of successful infection, and biocontrol. Both genomes are available athttps://bipaa.genouest.org.

ACS Style

Alice B. Dennis; Gabriel I. Ballesteros; Stéphanie Robin; Lukas Schrader; Jens Bast; Jan Berghöfer; Leo Beukeboom; Maya Belghazi; Anthony Bretaudeau; Jan Büllesbach; Elizabeth Cash; Dominique Colinet; Zoé Dumas; Patrizia Falabella; Jean-Luc Gatti; Elzemiek Geuverink; Joshua D. Gibson; Corinne Hertäg; Stefanie Hartmann; Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly; Mark Lammers; Blas I. Lavandero; Ina Lindenbaum; Lauriane Massardier-Galata; Camille Meslin; Nicolas Montagné; Nina Pak; Marylène Poirié; Rosanna Salvia; Chris R. Smith; Denis Tagu; Sophie Tares; Heiko Vogel; Tanja Schwander; Jean-Christophe Simon; Christian C. Figueroa; Christoph Vorburger; Fabrice Legeai; Jürgen Gadau. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids,Aphidius erviandLysiphlebus fabarum. 2019, 841288 .

AMA Style

Alice B. Dennis, Gabriel I. Ballesteros, Stéphanie Robin, Lukas Schrader, Jens Bast, Jan Berghöfer, Leo Beukeboom, Maya Belghazi, Anthony Bretaudeau, Jan Büllesbach, Elizabeth Cash, Dominique Colinet, Zoé Dumas, Patrizia Falabella, Jean-Luc Gatti, Elzemiek Geuverink, Joshua D. Gibson, Corinne Hertäg, Stefanie Hartmann, Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly, Mark Lammers, Blas I. Lavandero, Ina Lindenbaum, Lauriane Massardier-Galata, Camille Meslin, Nicolas Montagné, Nina Pak, Marylène Poirié, Rosanna Salvia, Chris R. Smith, Denis Tagu, Sophie Tares, Heiko Vogel, Tanja Schwander, Jean-Christophe Simon, Christian C. Figueroa, Christoph Vorburger, Fabrice Legeai, Jürgen Gadau. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids,Aphidius erviandLysiphlebus fabarum. . 2019; ():841288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice B. Dennis; Gabriel I. Ballesteros; Stéphanie Robin; Lukas Schrader; Jens Bast; Jan Berghöfer; Leo Beukeboom; Maya Belghazi; Anthony Bretaudeau; Jan Büllesbach; Elizabeth Cash; Dominique Colinet; Zoé Dumas; Patrizia Falabella; Jean-Luc Gatti; Elzemiek Geuverink; Joshua D. Gibson; Corinne Hertäg; Stefanie Hartmann; Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly; Mark Lammers; Blas I. Lavandero; Ina Lindenbaum; Lauriane Massardier-Galata; Camille Meslin; Nicolas Montagné; Nina Pak; Marylène Poirié; Rosanna Salvia; Chris R. Smith; Denis Tagu; Sophie Tares; Heiko Vogel; Tanja Schwander; Jean-Christophe Simon; Christian C. Figueroa; Christoph Vorburger; Fabrice Legeai; Jürgen Gadau. 2019. "Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids,Aphidius erviandLysiphlebus fabarum." , no. : 841288.

Article
Published: 29 October 2019 in Toxins
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Parasitoid wasps rely primarily on venom to suppress the immune response and regulate the physiology of their host. Intraspecific variability of venom protein composition has been documented in some species, but its evolutionary potential is poorly understood. We performed an experimental evolution initiated with the crosses of two lines of Leptopilina boulardi of different venom composition to generate variability and create new combinations of venom factors. The offspring were maintained for 10 generations on two strains of Drosophila melanogaster differing in resistance/susceptibility to the parental parasitoid lines. The venom composition of individuals was characterized by a semi-automatic analysis of 1D SDS-PAGE electrophoresis protein profiles whose accuracy was checked by Western blot analysis of well-characterized venom proteins. Results made evident a rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition on both hosts and showed that the proteins beneficial on one host can be costly on the other. Overall, we demonstrated the capacity of rapid evolution of the venom composition in parasitoid wasps, important regulators of arthropod populations, suggesting a potential for adaptation to new hosts. Our approach also proved relevant in identifying, among the diversity of venom proteins, those possibly involved in parasitism success and whose role deserves to be deepened.

ACS Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathé-Hubert; Laurent Kremmer; Christian Rebuf; Jean-Luc Gatti; Thibaut Malausa; Dominique Colinet; Marylène Poirié. Rapid and Differential Evolution of the Venom Composition of a Parasitoid Wasp Depending on the Host Strain. Toxins 2019, 11, 629 .

AMA Style

Fanny Cavigliasso, Hugo Mathé-Hubert, Laurent Kremmer, Christian Rebuf, Jean-Luc Gatti, Thibaut Malausa, Dominique Colinet, Marylène Poirié. Rapid and Differential Evolution of the Venom Composition of a Parasitoid Wasp Depending on the Host Strain. Toxins. 2019; 11 (11):629.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathé-Hubert; Laurent Kremmer; Christian Rebuf; Jean-Luc Gatti; Thibaut Malausa; Dominique Colinet; Marylène Poirié. 2019. "Rapid and Differential Evolution of the Venom Composition of a Parasitoid Wasp Depending on the Host Strain." Toxins 11, no. 11: 629.

Preprint
Published: 08 October 2019
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Parasitoid wasps rely primarily on venom to suppress the immune response and regulate the physiology of their host. Intraspecific variability of venom protein composition has been documented in some species, but its evolutionary potential is poorly understood. We performed an experimental evolution initiated with crosses of two lines of Leptopilina boulardi of different venom composition to generate variability and create new combinations of venom factors. The offspring were maintained for 10 generations on two strains of Drosophila melanogaster differing in resistance / susceptibility to the parasitoid lines. The venom composition of individuals was characterized by a semi-automatic analysis of 1D SDS-PAGE protein profiles whose accuracy was checked by Western blot analysis of well-characterized venom proteins. Results evidenced a rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition on both hosts and showed that the proteins beneficial on one host can be costly on the other. Overall, we demonstrated the capacity of rapid evolution of the venom composition in parasitoid wasps, important regulators of arthropod populations, suggesting a potential for adaptation to new hosts. Our approach also proved relevant in identifying, among the diversity of venom proteins, those possibly involved in parasitism success and whose role deserves to be deepened.Key ContributionThe venom protein composition of parasitoid wasps can evolve rapidly and differently depending on the host strain. Studying this evolution can help identify new venom proteins possibly involved in parasitism success on a given host.

ACS Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathe-Hubert; Laurent Kremmer; Christian Rebuf; Jean-Luc Gatti; Thibaut Malausa; Dominique Colinet; Marylene Poirie. Rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition of a parasitoid wasp depending on the host strain. 2019, 796649 .

AMA Style

Fanny Cavigliasso, Hugo Mathe-Hubert, Laurent Kremmer, Christian Rebuf, Jean-Luc Gatti, Thibaut Malausa, Dominique Colinet, Marylene Poirie. Rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition of a parasitoid wasp depending on the host strain. . 2019; ():796649.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Cavigliasso; Hugo Mathe-Hubert; Laurent Kremmer; Christian Rebuf; Jean-Luc Gatti; Thibaut Malausa; Dominique Colinet; Marylene Poirie. 2019. "Rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition of a parasitoid wasp depending on the host strain." , no. : 796649.

Original research article
Published: 17 July 2019 in Frontiers in Immunology
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Endoparasitoid wasps, which lay eggs inside the bodies of other insects, use various strategies to protect their offspring from the host immune response. The hymenopteran species of the genus Leptopilina, parasites of Drosophila, rely on the injection of a venom which contains proteins and peculiar vesicles (hereafter venosomes). We show here that the injection of purified L. boulardi venosomes is sufficient to impair the function of the Drosophila melanogaster lamellocytes, a hemocyte type specialized in the defense against wasp eggs, and thus the parasitic success of the wasp. These venosomes seem to have a unique extracellular biogenesis in the wasp venom apparatus where they acquire specific secreted proteins/virulence factors and act as a transport system to deliver these compounds into host lamellocytes. The level of venosomes entry into lamellocytes of different Drosophila species was correlated with the rate of parasitism success of the wasp, suggesting that this venosome-cell interaction may represent a new evolutionary level of host-parasitoid specificity.

ACS Style

Bin Wan; Emilie Goguet; Marc Ravallec; Olivier Pierre; Séverine Lemauf; Anne-Nathalie Volkoff; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. Venom Atypical Extracellular Vesicles as Interspecies Vehicles of Virulence Factors Involved in Host Specificity: The Case of a Drosophila Parasitoid Wasp. Frontiers in Immunology 2019, 10, 1688 .

AMA Style

Bin Wan, Emilie Goguet, Marc Ravallec, Olivier Pierre, Séverine Lemauf, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff, Jean-Luc Gatti, Marylène Poirié. Venom Atypical Extracellular Vesicles as Interspecies Vehicles of Virulence Factors Involved in Host Specificity: The Case of a Drosophila Parasitoid Wasp. Frontiers in Immunology. 2019; 10 ():1688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bin Wan; Emilie Goguet; Marc Ravallec; Olivier Pierre; Séverine Lemauf; Anne-Nathalie Volkoff; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. 2019. "Venom Atypical Extracellular Vesicles as Interspecies Vehicles of Virulence Factors Involved in Host Specificity: The Case of a Drosophila Parasitoid Wasp." Frontiers in Immunology 10, no. : 1688.

Mini review article
Published: 15 May 2019 in Frontiers in Physiology
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Host-parasitoid interactions are among the most studied interactions between invertebrates because of their fundamental interest – the evolution of original traits in parasitoids – and applied, parasitoids being widely used in biological control. Immunity, and in particular cellular immunity, is central in these interactions, the host encapsulation response being specific for large foreign bodies such as parasitoid eggs. Although already well studied in this species, recent data on Drosophila melanogaster have unquestionably improved knowledge of invertebrate cellular immunity. At the same time, the venomics of parasitoids has expanded, notably those of Drosophila. Here, we summarize and discuss these advances, with a focus on an emerging “time-dependent” view of interactions outcome at the intra- and interspecific level. We also present issues still in debate and prospects for study. Data on the Drosophila-parasitoid model paves the way to new concepts in insect immunity as well as parasitoid wasp strategies to overcome it.

ACS Style

Chami Kim-Jo; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. Drosophila Cellular Immunity Against Parasitoid Wasps: A Complex and Time-Dependent Process. Frontiers in Physiology 2019, 10, 603 .

AMA Style

Chami Kim-Jo, Jean-Luc Gatti, Marylène Poirié. Drosophila Cellular Immunity Against Parasitoid Wasps: A Complex and Time-Dependent Process. Frontiers in Physiology. 2019; 10 ():603.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chami Kim-Jo; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. 2019. "Drosophila Cellular Immunity Against Parasitoid Wasps: A Complex and Time-Dependent Process." Frontiers in Physiology 10, no. : 603.

Preprint content
Published: 08 February 2019
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Biopesticides based onBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) spores and toxins are alternate pest management solutions widely used to control insect pests. Their increasing use could lead to accumulation in the environment, hence leading to chronic exposure of non-target organisms. Here, we tested for potential non-intentional side-effects of chronic exposure toBtbiopesticide on larvae of non-targetDrosophilaspecies present inBt-treated areas. Doses up to those recommended for field application (106CFU/g of fly medium) had no effect on the fly development, whereas doses 10 to 100-fold higher (107-108CFU/g) increased developmental time and decreased adult emergence rates in a dose-dependent manner and with varying effect amplitudes for all the species and strains tested. For all them, all larvae died before pupation at the highest dose tested (109CFU/g). Focusing onD. melanogaster, delayed development and reduced emergence resulted from stage-dependent larval mortality, and fitness-related traits of adult flies emerging from survivingBtbiopesticide exposure were moderately increased. The effects ofBtbiopesticide seemed to result from the spores/cleaved toxins synergy, and possibly additives. While recommended doses had no effect on non-targetDrosophilaspecies, misuse or local accumulation ofBtbioinsecticides in the environment could have non-intentional side-effects on fly populations with potential implications for their associated communities.

ACS Style

Aurélie Babin; Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Armel Gallet; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. Differential side-effects ofBacillus thuringiensisbioinsecticide on non-targetDrosophilaflies. 2019, 541847 .

AMA Style

Aurélie Babin, Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito, Armel Gallet, Jean-Luc Gatti, Marylène Poirié. Differential side-effects ofBacillus thuringiensisbioinsecticide on non-targetDrosophilaflies. . 2019; ():541847.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurélie Babin; Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito; Armel Gallet; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié. 2019. "Differential side-effects ofBacillus thuringiensisbioinsecticide on non-targetDrosophilaflies." , no. : 541847.