Entamoeba spp. são protozoários transmitidos pela ingestão de água e alimentos contaminados por cistos, causando, principalmente, alterações gastrointestinais em humanos e animais. Apenas as espécies Entamoeba coli e Entamoeba histolytica possuem relevância na medicina veterinária. Apesar dos cães portadores não serem capazes de infectar outros animais ou seres humanos, sua importância não deve ser negligenciada, pois sua presença indica precariedade nas condições higiênico-sanitárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o perfil de cães parasitados por Entamoeba spp. residentes no município de Londrina e região, atendidos em hospital veterinário escola, durante os anos de 2020-2022. No total, foram analisados dados de 42 cães, sendo possível observar, após mapeamento dos endereços, uma distribuição homogênea de animais positivos no município. Em relação aos anos, observou-se aumento de 27,7% de casos relatados entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Foi encontrado maior prevalência em fêmeas com 64,3% (27/42) e adultos, 45,2% (19/42). Vacinação e desverminação não foram realizadas em 66,7% e 47,6% dos animais. Êmese, 71,4% (30/42), apatia, 66,7% (28/42) e hematoquezia, 57,1% (24/42) foram os sinais clínicos mais comuns. Tendo em vista seu reflexo na saúde única é fundamental o controle epidemiológico deste parasita. Dessa forma, é necessária uma participação ativa dos médicos veterinários para conscientização dos tutores sobre a epidemiologia da afecção, pois dessa forma poderemos contribuir para a formação de cidadãos mais conscientes e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos animais. Palavras-chave: Ameba. Diarreia. Parasitos Intestinais. Saúde Única AbstractEntamoeba spp. are protozoa transmitted through the ingestion of water and food contaminated with cysts, mainly causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans and animals. Only Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba histolytica species have relevance in veterinary medicine. Although carrier dogs are not capable of infecting other animals or humans, their importance should not be neglected as their presence indicates poor hygienic-sanitary conditions. The aim of this study was to report the profile of dogs parasitized by Entamoeba spp. residing in the municipality of Londrina and surrounding areas, treated at a veterinary teaching hospital during the years 2020-2022. A total of 42 dogs' data were analyzed, and it was possible to observe, after mapping the addresses, a homogeneous distribution of positive animals in the municipality. Regarding the years, an increase of 27.7% in reported cases was observed between 2020 and 2021. Higher prevalence was found in females with 64.3% (27/42) and adults with 45.2% (19/42). Vaccination and deworming were not performed in 66.7% and 47.6% of the animals, respectively. Vomiting, 71.4% (30/42), apathy, 66.7% (28/42), and bloody stools, 57.1% (24/42), were the most common clinical signs. Considering its impact on One Health, it is essential to control the epidemiology of this parasite. Thus, active participation of veterinarians is necessary to raise awareness among pet owners about the epidemiology of the infection, as this can contribute to the formation of more conscientious citizens and improve the quality of life for animals. Keywords: Ameba. Diarrhea. Instestinal Parasites. One health.

Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvGHV2) is a Macavirus and the cause of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF) in susceptible mammalian hosts worldwide. OvGHV2 may produce typical clinical manifestations of SA-MCF or subclinical infections. Additionally, OvGHV2 is associated with cutaneous lesions in ruminants, with few documented reports of this unusual manifestation worldwide. This paper presents the pathological, immunohistochemical (IHC), and molecular findings observed in outbreaks of OvGHV2-related skin infections in dairy cattle from Southern Brazil. Cutaneous scrapings (n = 35) and biopsies (n = 6) were obtained from dairy cows derived from three farms. All cows (n = 35) developed widespread, ulcerative to scaly and erythematous skin lesions, and had no contact with sheep or goats. The biopsies were evaluated for histopathological diagnosis and then used in IHC analyses designed to detect malignant catarrhal fever virus (MCFV) antigens and to evaluate the inflammatory response. All scrapings and biopsies were used in PCR assays to amplify OvGHV2. Additionally, all biopsies were used in PCR assays to detect bovine gammaherpesvirus 6 (BoGHV6), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), and poxvirus. Histopathology revealed chronic folliculitis in all biopsies. IHC detected intralesional, intracytoplasmic MCFV antigens in most (83.3%; 5/6) of the cutaneous lesions with folliculitis. These skin lesions showed a strong T-cell response, macrophage clusters, and caspase-positive follicular keratinocytes. OvGHV2 DNA was detected in 66.7% (4/6) of the cutaneous biopsies that contained MCFV antigens and in 8.6% (3/35) of the cutaneous scrapings. The DNA of BoGHV6, BoAHV1, and Poxvirus was not amplified from any of the cutaneous biopsies. These findings demonstrated that OvGHV2 was associated with the cutaneous lesions in dairy cows at these farms and represent the first description of OvGHV2-related skin disease in ruminants from Brazil and the entire Latin America. A review of previous cases of skin lesions associated with infections by OvGHV2 revealed that most cases had a histological diagnosis of folliculitis, suggesting that folliculitis may be associated with OvGHV2-related skin infections. Additionally, this investigation contrasts all previous reports of OvGHV2-related skin disease in ruminants, since the infected cows herein identified were not reared concomitantly or within proximity of the asymptomatic reservoir host. Furthermore, the possible form of OvGHV2 dissemination to the susceptible cows during this study is discussed.

Neonatal diarrhea remains a significant threat to piglet health, resulting in substantial economic losses worldwide. Among the viral pathogens associated with this condition, rotavirus (RV) has been extensively reported in Brazil; however, lineage-level classification of circulating strains remains limited. This study aimed to characterize G and P genotypes of porcine RV field strains associated with diarrhea in piglets in Southern Brazil. A total of 10 fecal samples were collected by field veterinarian from diarrheic suckling piglets aged 1 to 14 days and analyzed by RT-PCR for the detection of RV species A, B, C, and H. RV species A (RVA) was detected in 90% (9/10) of the samples, while no other RV species were identified. Genotyping based on the VP7 and VP4 genes revealed a single G3P[6] genotype combination in all RVA-positive samples. Nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequence analysis revealed high genetic similarity among strains, with values of up to 99.3% for nt and 98.0% for aa of the VP7 gene and 100% for the VP4 gene (nt and aa). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the VP7 sequences clustered with Brazilian G3 strains, forming a distinct group consistent with a novel lineage (putative G3-XII), whereas VP4 sequences supported a new sublineage (putative P[6]-Ig). These findings demonstrate low genetic variability of RVA field strains in this neonatal diarrhea outbreak, suggesting the circulation of a single viral population. They also emphasize the importance of continuous molecular surveillance to gain a deeper understanding of viral evolution and transmission dynamics in swine populations.

A contaminação de hortaliças, nas diferentes etapas da cadeia produtiva, oferece riscos à saúde humana, pois, quando ingeridas cruas, podem ser veículos de parasitos e microrganismos causadores de doenças veiculadas por alimentos (DVA), sendo um importante problema de saúde pública. Os shopping centers são locais muito visitados para alimentação, contudo, poucos são os estudos referentes às condições higiênico-sanitárias dos seus restaurantes. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a ocorrência de contaminações, parasitária e microbiológica, em hortaliças folhosas comercializadas em restaurantes self-service localizados em shopping centers, do município de Londrina, Paraná. Foram visitados 12 restaurantes oriundos de sete shoppings, nos quais coletaram-se ao todo 23 amostras, submetidas a pesquisas parasitária (centrífugo-flutuação em solução de sacarose e sedimentação espontânea) e microbiológica. Todas elas (23/23) continham coliformes totais (> 2419,6 NMP/100mL) e 78,26% (18/23), Escherichia coli. Todos os restaurantes apresentaram contaminação por E. coli em ao menos um dos dias de coleta, sendo 26,08% (6/23) com grau de contaminação acima da permitida na legislação brasileira. Não houve relação entre os níveis de contaminação e a região geográfica onde os restaurantes estão inseridos. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva nos testes parasitológicos. Devido à elevada contaminação microbiológica das amostras de salada, medidas sanitárias devem ser realizadas nos referidos estabelecimentos. Sugere-se, ainda, que os isolados sejam submetidos à PCR, teste mais sensível, para identificação do sorotipo bacteriano, para determinar o risco de doenças, bem como de eventuais parasitos de importância para a saúde pública. Palavras-chave: Contaminação. Escherichia coli. Parasitos. Saúde Pública. Vegetais. AbstractVegetables contamination, in the different stages of production chain, offers health risks, because, when ingested raw, it can be vehicles of parasites and microorganisms that cause foodborne diseases (FBD), an important public health problem. Shopping malls are highly visited places for food, however, there are few studies regarding the hygienic-sanitary conditions of their restaurants. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of parasitic and microbiological contamination in leafy vegetables sold in self-service restaurants located in shopping centers in the city of Londrina, Paraná. Twelve restaurants from seven malls were visited, in which a total of 23 samples were collected, submitted to parasitic (centrifugal-flotation in sucrose solution and spontaneous sedimentation) and microbiological research. All of them (23/23) contained total coliforms (> 2419.6 MPN/100mL) and 78.26% (18/23) Escherichia coli. All restaurants showed microbiological contamination by E. coli on at least one of the collection days. There was no relationship between contamination levels and the geographic region where the restaurants are located. In the analyses, 26.08% (6/23) showed a degree of contamination above that permitted by Brazilian legislation for E coli. No sample was positive in the parasitological tests. Due to the high microbiological contamination of the salad samples, preventive measures must be carried out in these establishments, aiming to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases. It is also suggested that the samples be submitted to molecular analysis to identify the bacterial serotype, as well as any parasites of importance to public health. Keywords: Contamination. Escherichia coli. Parasites. Public Health. Vegetable.

A análise parasitológica de animais sinantrópicos constitui ferramenta importante no estudo da prevalência de doenças por região, pois pode elucidar importantes vínculos epidemiológicos criados a partir da convivência das espécies com os humanos. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil parasitológico das fezes de gambás (Didelphis albiventris) e pequenos roedores (Rattus rattus) em áreas de mata nativa no oeste de Londrina, Paraná, durante o período de outubro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020. Foram capturados seis animais em áreas de fundo de vale do município, utilizando armadilhas do tipo gaiola, modelos Sherman e Tomahawk, com iscas atrativas. Após a captura, os animais foram eutanasiados e necropsiados, e amostras fecais foram coletadas diretamente dos segmentos intestinais, sem distinção de porção anatômica. Para as análises parasitológicas, foram aplicadas as técnicas de sedimentação espontânea e centrífugo-flutuação. Os resultados mostraram a presença de diversos enteroparasitos, como Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris sp., Toxocara sp., Toxascaris leonina, Taenia sp., Capillaria sp., Ascaris sp., Giardia sp., Physaloptera sp. e Cruzia tentaculata. Esses achados evidenciam que a proximidade entre fauna silvestre e áreas urbanas facilita o compartilhamento de parasitos, não só entre espécies silvestres, mas também com humanos e animais domésticos, representando risco potencial para a saúde pública. Este estudo contribui para a compreensão das dinâmicas de transmissão parasitária em ecossistemas próximos a áreas urbanas e reforça a importância de monitorar os riscos zoonóticos associados à fauna silvestre em regiões habitadas.