Introduction: Physical education ensures proper education for children and adolescents, as well as their personality, cultural, and social development. The pioneer of such a holistic approach to youth education in Poland was Dr. Henryk Jordan. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the biography of Henryk Jordan. Material and methods: A literature review was conducted using the Google Scholar database with selected keywords. Results and discussion: Henryk Jordan (1842–1907) after numerous internships abroad, he assumed the role of Head of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Jagiellonian University. Jordan’s second life mission was to promote health-oriented behaviors among children and adolescents. Henryk Jordan park featured numerous sports fields, workshops, and provided continuous medical care. Patriotic education for youth was also emphasized. Furthermore, in 1887, he initiated the Association for Feeding Poor Children with Warm Meals, and in 1892, he assumed the leadership of the Association for Assisting Poor Students of Public Schools. For 26 years, he served as a Kraków councilor, primarily engaging in the sanitary commission. Conclusions: Henryk Jordan made an invaluable contribution to the development of physical education in Poland. He fostered the advancement of hygiene and patriotic values among the youngest citizens of the city. He was also committed to alleviating poverty among his compatriots.

Introduction and objective: Respiratory diseases such as influenza, COVID-19 or pertussis pose a significant public health threat, especially among at-risk groups such as the elderly and chronically ill. The aim of this article is to assess the potential of intranasal vaccines as a modern, safe...

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used analgesics. However, their inappropriate or excessive use may lead to serious adverse effects. The aim of the study was to analyze behavioral patterns and attitudes toward the use of over-the-counter (OTC) NSAIDs, as well as the perception of risks associated with their use. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 567 respondents. An anonymous questionnaire consisting of 26 items was used, addressing sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of reading drug information leaflets, frequency of NSAID use, and awareness of potential adverse effects associated with these medications. Results: The demographic factors significantly influenced NSAID-related behaviors. Women were significantly more likely than men to read drug information leaflets and reported more frequent use of OTC NSAIDs. Older respondents exhibited greater adherence to the principles of responsible NSAID use. Higher educational attainment was associated with more frequent and attentive reading of drug information leaflets. Urban residents reported higher median frequencies of NSAID use, whereas students demonstrated greater awareness of potential NSAID adverse effects compared with non-students. Conclusions: The results reveal complex patterns of NSAID consumption and underscore the need for implementing targeted public health interventions.

Thyroid amyloidosis is a rare condition associated with thyroid pathologies such as medullary carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, amyloid goitre, and benign lesions, with a clinically palpable goitre being exceptionally uncommon. As a result, many cases of benign thyroid enlargement caused by amyloid deposits remain undiagnosed. A 28-year-old male patient noticed progressive neck circumference enlargement, voice alteration, decreased appetite, weight loss, dysphagia, fever, and night sweats. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland did not reveal the cause of the goitre. A total thyroidectomy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed advanced thyroid amyloidosis.