This scoping review aimed to determine the somatotype of modern elite athletes across various sports. The literature search followed the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Four databases were consulted, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Clarivate InCites, as well as platforms such as Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis Online, Books Ovid, CAB eBooks, MyiLibrary, and Core Collection. Eligibility criteria included articles published between 1995 and 2024 involving athletes at the elite level, such as junior, senior, Olympic, first-division professionals, world-class competitors, national competitors, black belts, master athletes, non-professional athletes with at least 10 years of experience, those ranked in the national or international top 10, and high-level collegiate athletes. A total of 66 studies were included. Modern male elite athletes predominantly exhibited an endomorphic mesomorphic somatotype, whereas female athletes were classified as central. The present study was the first to synthesize data from 66 articles, encompassing athletes of varying elite levels, both males and females, while providing detailed information on age, weight, height, BMI, somatotype and its classification, and complemented by somatoplot references. Future research is recommended to include a greater diversity of sports and a more significant number of elite female athletes to enhance the representativeness of elite athletes.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased significantly in Latin America and Spain, impacting both health and environmental sustainability. To our knowledge, this is the first multicenter study to examine the association between UPF consumption and sustainable lifestyle behaviors in Latin America and Spain. Objective: To evaluate the association between UPF consumption and sustainable lifestyle behaviors in Latin America and Spain. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, multicenter, cross-sectional study. A validated, self-administered online questionnaire was distributed in 14 countries between March 2023 and January 2024. The survey collected sociodemographic data, UPF intake (classified using the NOVA system), body mass index and sustainable lifestyle behaviors (food, transport, environment). Multivariate linear regression models were applied to assess associations, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, physical activity and BMI. Results: Among 6009 adults (mean age: 34.98 ± 12.55; 79.5% women), those with the highest consumption of UPF (fast food, beverages and juices, salty snacks and sweet snacks) were significantly more likely to be in the least sustainable quartile compared to those who did not consume these food products ((OR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.79–3.54), (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.50–2.22), (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.32–1.73) and (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.20–1.67), respectively, with p values < 0.001). Conclusions: High consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is inversely associated with sustainable lifestyles. These findings position UPF consumption not only as a health problem but also as a key indicator of unsustainable lifestyles.

Introducción: El papel que cumple enfermería en su rol de educador y con mayor énfasis en la prevención y control de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, son clave para lograr intervenciones que aborden el riesgo genético, ambiental y conductual por ser factores que contribuyen en el desarrollo y progresión. Objetivo: Describir el rol de los profesionales de enfermería en intervenciones de prevención primaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en población adulta. Metodología: Revisión de la literatura incluyendo 4 etapas: búsqueda y selección, recopilación y evaluación, criterios de elegibilidad y síntesis. La búsqueda fue en PubMed, Scielo y Lilacs. Los criterios de inclusión: artículos publicados del 2011 al 2021, investigación primaria, ensayos clínicos, ensayo controlado aleatorizado, intervenciones dirigidas por enfermeras, se excluyeron guías de práctica, protocolos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis, 64 artículos fueron seleccionados y siete cumplieron con los criterios. Resultados: Se identificó que los profesionales de enfermería fueron los principales miembros de la atención cardiovascular y desempeñaron un papel clave en la promoción del estilo de vida saludable y en la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular. Surgieron 3 categorías, las intervenciones enfocadas al estilo de vida, la educación y al autocuidado, que incluyeron promoción de hábitos, promoción y prevención, disminución de variables antropométricas, clínicas y bioquímicas, solo una intervención se guió por una teoría de enfermería. Conclusiones: Los roles de los profesionales de enfermería dentro de las intervenciones de primer nivel de atención, hacen evidente que la salud cardiovascular mejora significativamente desde los diferentes enfoques: Estilo de vida, educación y de autocuidado.