Aims: This paper aimed to analyze the internal structure of the Spanish version of the Ryff’s psychological wellbeing scale (PWBS-E) among college students (n = 1700, 54.75% females, Mage = 19.23) who attend a public institution located in Veracruz, Mexico. Method: The internal structure of the PWBS-E was assessed using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), while the reliability of the construct was estimated with the ù coefficient and the reliability of the scores, with the α coefficient. Results: suggested that a short and unidimensional structure (19 items) provides greater empirical support. In addition, a method factor associated with inverted items in multidimensional models was evidenced. Regarding the reliability, acceptable indicators were found in both levels (construct and scores). Conclusions: This paper addresses both the findings and practical implications of the short version of the PWBS-E among college students. Objetivos: realizar el análisis de la estructura interna de la versión en español de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff (PWBS-E) en estudiantes universitarios (n = 1700; 54.75% mujeres; Medad = 19.23) de una institución pública en Veracruz, México. Método: La estructura interna de la PWBS-E fue evaluada mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA), el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorio (ESEM) y el análisis factorial exploratorio (EFA). La confiabilidad del constructo fue estimada con el coeficiente α y de las puntuaciones con el coeficiente α. Resultados: indicaron que una estructura unidimensional y breve (19 ítems) posee mayor respaldo empírico. Además, se evidenció la existencia de un factor de método asociado a ítems invertidos en los modelos multidimensionales. En cuanto a la confiabilidad, se hallaron indicadores aceptables en ambos niveles (constructo y puntuaciones). Conclusiones: se discuten los hallazgos y las implicancias prácticas de la versión breve de la PWBS-E en universitarios. Objetivos: realizar a análise da estrutura interna de a versão em espanhol da escala de bem-estar Ryff Psychological (PWBS-E) em estudantes estudantes universitários (n = 1700; 54,75% mulheres; Medad = 19,23) de uma instituição pública em Veracruz, México. Método: A estrutura interna do PWBS-E foi avaliada por análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA), a modelagem de equações estruturais exploratórias (ESEM) e análise fatorial exploratória (EFA). O a confiabilidade da construção foi estimada com o coeficiente α e as pontuações com o coeficiente α. Resultados: indicou que uma estrutura Unidimensional e breve (19 itens) tem maior apoio empírico Além disso, a existência de um fator foi evidenciada do método associado aos itens investidos nos modelos multidimensional Quanto à confiabilidade, é eles encontraram indicadores aceitáveis ​​nos dois níveis (construto e pontuações). Conclusões: são discutidas os resultados e implicações práticas da versão resumo do PWBS-E em estudantes universitários.

Background: HIV continues to be a public health concern in Mexico and Latin America due to an increase in new infections, despite a decrease being observed globally. Treatment adherence is a pillar for achieving viral suppression. It prevents the spread of the disease at a community level and improves the quality and survival of people living with HIV. Thus, it is important to implement strategies to achieve sustained treatment adherence. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention based on SMS text messages to increase antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence for HIV-positive adults. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara – Fray Antonio Alcalde on HIV-positive adults who had initiated ART. The mHealth intervention included the use of SMS text messages as a reminder system for upcoming medical examinations and ART resupply to increase adherence. This intervention was provided to 40 participants for a 6-month period. A control group (n=40) received medical attention by the standard protocol used in the hospital. Intervention effectiveness was assessed by quantifying CD4+ T cells and viral load, as well as a self-report of adherence by the patient. Results: The intervention group had greater adherence to ART than the control group (96% vs 92%; P<.001). In addition, the intervention group had better clinical characteristics, including a lower viral load (141 copies/mL vs 2413 copies/mL; P<.001) and a trend toward higher CD4+ T cells counts (399 cells/μL vs 290 cells/μL; P=.15). Conclusions: These results show that an mHealth intervention significantly improves ART adherence. Implementing mHealth programs could enhance the commitment of HIV-positive adults to their treatment.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autorregulación de la Actividad Física (EAAF), así como de su versión breve, en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Participaron 472 estudiantes de universidades públicas mexicanas (mujeres = 57.1%; Medad = 21.447 años; DTedad = 3.405 años). Los resultados respaldan una estructura unidimensional de la EAAF y de su versión breve, así como una asociación positiva con la autorregulación de los hábitos alimentarios y el bienestar psicológico, y un grado aceptable de invarianza de medición según el sexo. Asimismo, la fiabilidad del constructo y de las puntuaciones alcanzó magnitudes elevadas. Se concluye que la EAAF y su versión breve presentan propiedades psicométricas adecuadas. The purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Physical Activity Self-Regulation Scale (PASRS), as well as its short version, in Mexican College students. A sample of 472 Mexican college students from different public universities (female = 57.1%; Mage = 21.447 years; SDage= 3.405 years) was used. Results supported an unidimensional structure of the PASRS and for their short version. A positive association with the self-regulation of eating habits and psychological wellbeing was found, and an acceptable degree of measurement invariance regarding to sex. Likewise, the construct reliability and scores reliability reached high magnitudes. It is concluded that the PASRS and its short version have adequate psychometric properties.

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a critical component in achieving viral suppression in people living with HIV in addition to increasing overall quality of life. Several indirect methods have been used to measure adherence including the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ). Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the SMAQ in men living with HIV/AIDS attending a Mexican national hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical design study was carried out in a Mexican National Hospital in Jalisco, including men aged >18 years with at least 3 months of antiretroviral treatment, excluding those with cognitive difficulties in answering the survey. A minimum sample size was calculated to detect the contribution of the variables within the model. The analysis included descriptive tests, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity assessment, correlation between adherence and viral load, and association between viral load and adherence. Results: The final analysis included a total of 260 patients with a mean age of 43 (SD 12) years and an average of 8.97 (SD 6.33) years on antiretroviral treatment. The SMAQ showed sufficient structural validity (comparative fit index=1, root-mean-square error of approximation=0, 90% CI 0-0.085) with satisfactory factor loadings on most questions except item 2 (Do you always take your medication at the prescribed time?). The reliability of the scale is acceptable (Cronbach α=0.702, ω=0.718). Adherence correlated with viral load significantly but not with recent TCD4 lymphocyte levels. Patients classified as adherent were three times more likely to be undetectable than nonadherent patients (odds ratio 3.31, 95% CI 1.13-9.64, P=.04). Conclusions: The SMAQ represents an adequate tool to assess adherence in men living with HIV in the Mexican context, this will contribute to this study and compression of adherence to establish future intervention programs.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent public health challenge in Mexico, particularly in large urban settings marked by social heterogeneity. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and treated at a tertiary-level hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico, between 2020 and 2023. Unfavorable treatment outcomes were defined as treatment failure, loss to follow-up, or death. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with unfavorable outcomes. Spatial analyses, including Kernel Density Estimation, Global Moran’s I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), and Getis–Ord Gi*, were applied to explore the geographic distribution of unfavorable outcomes. Unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes among patients treated at a tertiary-level hospital were not randomly distributed in space. Spatial epidemiological methods provided complementary, exploratory insights beyond individual-level clinical factors, highlighting geographic patterns that may inform place-sensitive public health interventions and strengthen routine tuberculosis surveillance, without implying causal inference.

Measles has re-emerged as a public health concern despite effective vaccination. This study describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with hospital admission among confirmed measles cases attended at a tertiary referral hospital in Jalisco, Mexico, during the 2025-2026 outbreak. We conducted an observational, hospital-based cohort study of confirmed measles cases attended from November 2025 to May 2026. Congenital measles cases and records with missing hospitalization status were excluded. Data were obtained from clinical records and surveillance systems. Univariable logistic regression and two multivariable models were fitted: an epidemiological model excluding respiratory severity markers and a clinical presentation model including oxygen saturation and respiratory rate. Among 609 confirmed cases, 186/609 patients (30.5%) were hospitalized. Most were pediatric patients (460/609 [75.5%]), and 489/609 (80.3%) were eligible but unvaccinated. Among hospitalized patients, pneumonia was the most frequent complication (51/186 [27.4%]), and 107/186 (57.5%) required supplemental oxygen. In the epidemiological model, each additional day from symptom onset to medical care was associated with hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.14 per day; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.25), lower oxygen saturation (aOR 3.51 per 5-percentage-point decrease; 95% CI 2.53-4.98), and higher respiratory rate (aOR 1.27 per 5 breaths/min increase; 95% CI 1.05-1.54). Hospital admission was common and was mainly characterized by delayed care and objective respiratory compromise.