The objective of this research was to apply morphometric and chemometric techniques to analyze the influence of climate and soil type on the morphological, proximate, and fatty acid fingerprints of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seeds cultivated in different regions of Mexico. Seeds were collected from the states of Chiapas, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Veracruz, and Yucatán. The morphological traits of the seeds were evaluated, while the proximate composition and fatty acid profiles of the seed flours were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Data were assessed through analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis to develop their fingerprint profiles. The results showed that the morphological variables that constituted the climate-based morphological fingerprint were seed length, width, seed weight, and kernel weight, whereas for the soil type-based fingerprint, only seed length was significant. Regarding the proximate chemical composition, all variables (fat, ash, moisture, and protein), except fiber content, were influenced by both climate and soil type, forming the proximate chemical fingerprint. The fatty acid fingerprint consisted of 21 compounds, with oleic, behenic, stearic, palmitic, and arachidic acids present in the highest concentrations. The fingerprints obtained from the different determinations were confirmed through cross-validation values exceeding 50%, according to the linear discriminant analysis validation technique. The fatty acid and proximate composition determinations showed the highest classification values (83–100%) and contributed most significantly to ensuring the fingerprinting of moringa seeds cultivated in Mexico.

Pese al contexto histórico de las formas de producir alimento y la controversia nacional sobre la implementación de los programas orientados al sector agrícola y rural es indispensable preguntarse ¿Realmente México está avanzando hacia la soberanía alimentaria? Lo anterior condujo a explorar esta pregunta desde la narrativa de los principales actores involucrados mediante un estudio de caso. El objetivo fue comprender los aprendizajes de la implementación de la estrategia de acompañamiento técnico (EAT) en el incremento de rendimientos de las unidades productivas del programa Producción para el Bienestar (PpB) en la escuela de campo “Las Lomas”, ubicada en el municipio de Coatepec, Veracruz. Los hallazgos muestran que el productor y el técnico agroecológico construyen vínculos dentro de la comunidad, construyen conocimiento que se plasma en el rediseño de sus sistemas productivos a través de la diversificación y el uso de innovaciones amigables con la salud del agroecosistema. No obstante, la edad avanzada de la mayoría de los participantes, la baja incorporación de jóvenes y la desvinculación entre el apoyo económico y la participación técnica son algunos de los principales desafíos que enfrenta el PpB y la EAT. Está claro que la transición implica tiempo y adaptación para comprobar las bondades de la agroecología en la comunidad, las familias rurales y en los sistemas productivos; sin embargo, para que estos cambios se consoliden, es necesario fortalecer la articulación entre el acompañamiento técnico y los apoyos económicos, así como promover una mayor participación de las nuevas generaciones, considerando los aspectos productivos, sociales y culturales.

Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) is an ornamental species of high commercial value due to its diverse flower colors and prolonged vase life. However, lisianthus propagation by seed is limited by its low germination rates and high genetic variability, compromising plant uniformity and production timelines. This study evaluated the effect of meta-Topolin (mT) and of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), aromatic cytokinins, on the in vitro micropropagation of lisianthus, aiming to develop an efficient protocol for mass propagation. In vitro established shoots were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of mT and BAP (0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg L⁻¹). The parameters assessed were shoot proliferation, shoot length, leaf number, root formation, and root length. Significant differences were observed among treatments. The highest proliferation rate (59.20 shoots per explant) was achieved with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ mT, representing a 37-fold increase over the control. With the addition of BAP to the culture medium, the results were inferior. Higher mT concentrations promoted rooting and improved acclimatization success, with the highest survival rate (95%) recorded for plants from the 1.5 mg L⁻¹ mT treatment. Low mT concentrations enhanced shoot multiplication but limited root formation, affecting nursery survival. Results demonstrated that meta-Topolin induces a higher shoot number during lisianthus micropropagation, and at higher concentrations, it enables in vitro rooting of the shoots generated during the proliferation stage. This provides a practical alternative for large-scale commercial propagation of this ornamental species.