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Susanne Kersten
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 37, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

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Feed

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Toxins
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Mycotoxin contaminated feed has been associated with colic of horses caused by intestinal disorders. Whether such disease conditions alter the intestinal toxin metabolism and transfer across a compromised mucosal barrier is unknown. A screening approach was used to relate blood residue levels of DON, ZEN and their metabolites to the status of the horses (sick vs. healthy). A total of 55 clinically healthy horses from 6 different farms with varying feeding background served as control for sick horses (N = 102) hospitalized due to colic. ZEN, alpha-zearalenol (ZEL), beta-ZEL and DON were detectable in peripheral blood as indicators for the inner exposure with significant farm effects for alpha- and beta-ZEL. However, the levels in sick horses were similar to all farms. Moreover, the proportion of beta-ZEL of all detected ZEN metabolites as an indicator for the degree of metabolism of ZEN was not different for sick horses but differed amongst the control farms. Although the incidence of DON in blood was generally low and not significantly different amongst healthy and sick horses, the positive samples were nearly exclusively found in sick horses suggesting either a higher toxin transfer, an association of DON with the development of colic or a different feeding background.

ACS Style

Sven Dänicke; Janine Saltzmann; Wendy Liermann; Maren Glatter; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Annette Zeyner; Karsten Feige; Tobias Warnken. Evaluation of Inner Exposure of Horses to Zearalenone (ZEN), Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Their Metabolites in Relation to Colic and Health-Related Clinical-Chemical Traits. Toxins 2021, 13, 588 .

AMA Style

Sven Dänicke, Janine Saltzmann, Wendy Liermann, Maren Glatter, Liane Hüther, Susanne Kersten, Annette Zeyner, Karsten Feige, Tobias Warnken. Evaluation of Inner Exposure of Horses to Zearalenone (ZEN), Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Their Metabolites in Relation to Colic and Health-Related Clinical-Chemical Traits. Toxins. 2021; 13 (8):588.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sven Dänicke; Janine Saltzmann; Wendy Liermann; Maren Glatter; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Annette Zeyner; Karsten Feige; Tobias Warnken. 2021. "Evaluation of Inner Exposure of Horses to Zearalenone (ZEN), Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Their Metabolites in Relation to Colic and Health-Related Clinical-Chemical Traits." Toxins 13, no. 8: 588.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Animals
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Methane (CH4) from ruminal feed degradation is a major pollutant from ruminant livestock, which calls for mitigation strategies. The purpose of the present 4 × 2 factorial arrangement was to investigate the dose–response relationships between four doses of the CH4 inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) and potential synergistic effects with low (LC) or high (HC) concentrate feed proportions (CFP) on CH4 reduction as both mitigation approaches differ in their mode of action (direct 3-NOP vs. indirect CFP effects). Diet substrates and 3-NOP were incubated in a rumen simulation technique to measure the concentration and production of volatile fatty acids (VFA), fermentation gases as well as substrate disappearance. Negative side effects on fermentation regarding total VFA and gas production as well as nutrient degradability were observed for neither CFP nor 3-NOP. CH4 production decreased from 10% up to 97% in a dose-dependent manner with increasing 3-NOP inclusion rate (dose: p< 0.001) but irrespective of CFP (CFP × dose: p = 0.094). Hydrogen gas accumulated correspondingly with increased 3-NOP dose (dose: p< 0.001). In vitro pH (p = 0.019) and redox potential (p = 0.066) varied by CFP, whereas the latter fluctuated with 3-NOP dose (p = 0.01). Acetate and iso-butyrate (mol %) decreased with 3-NOP dose, whereas iso-valerate increased (dose: p< 0.001). Propionate and valerate varied inconsistently due to 3-NOP supplementation. The feed additive 3-NOP was proven to be a dose-dependent yet effective CH4 inhibitor under conditions in vitro. The observed lack of additivity of increased CFP on the CH4 inhibition potential of 3-NOP needs to be verified in future research testing further diet types both in vitro and in vivo.

ACS Style

Matthias Schilde; Dirk von Soosten; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. Dose–Response Effects of 3-Nitrooxypropanol Combined with Low- and High-Concentrate Feed Proportions in the Dairy Cow Ration on Fermentation Parameters in a Rumen Simulation Technique. Animals 2021, 11, 1784 .

AMA Style

Matthias Schilde, Dirk von Soosten, Liane Hüther, Susanne Kersten, Ulrich Meyer, Annette Zeyner, Sven Dänicke. Dose–Response Effects of 3-Nitrooxypropanol Combined with Low- and High-Concentrate Feed Proportions in the Dairy Cow Ration on Fermentation Parameters in a Rumen Simulation Technique. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthias Schilde; Dirk von Soosten; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. 2021. "Dose–Response Effects of 3-Nitrooxypropanol Combined with Low- and High-Concentrate Feed Proportions in the Dairy Cow Ration on Fermentation Parameters in a Rumen Simulation Technique." Animals 11, no. 6: 1784.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2021 in Animals
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L-carnitine plays an important role in energy metabolism through supporting the transport of activated fatty acids to the subcellular site of β-oxidation. An acute phase reaction (APR) is known as an energy consuming process. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are often used in animal models to study intervention measures during innate immune responses such as APR. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary l-carnitine supplementation during an LPS-induced APR in mid-lactating German Holstein cows. Animals were assigned to a control (CON, n = 26) or l-carnitine group (CAR, n = 27, 25 g rumen-protected l-carnitine/cow/d) and received an intravenous injection of LPS (0.5 μg/kg body weight) at day 111 post-partum. Blood samples were collected from day 1 pre-injection until day 14 post-injection (pi). From 0.5 h pi until 72 h pi blood samplings and clinical examinations were performed in short intervals. Clinical signs of the APR were not altered in group CAR except rumen motility which increased at a lower level compared to the CON group after a period of atonia. Group CAR maintained a higher insulin level compared to group CON even up to 72 h pi which might support glucose utilization following an APR.

ACS Style

Jennifer Meyer; Susanne Ursula Kononov; Sandra Grindler; Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter; Mohamad Taher Alaedin; Jana Frahm; Liane Hüther; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Ulrich Meyer; Erika Most; Klaus Eder; Helga Sauerwein; Jana Seifert; Korinna Huber; Anja Wegerich; Jürgen Rehage; Sven Dänicke. Dietary l-carnitine Supplementation Modifies the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Phase Reaction in Dairy Cows. Animals 2021, 11, 136 .

AMA Style

Jennifer Meyer, Susanne Ursula Kononov, Sandra Grindler, Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter, Mohamad Taher Alaedin, Jana Frahm, Liane Hüther, Jeannette Kluess, Susanne Kersten, Dirk Von Soosten, Ulrich Meyer, Erika Most, Klaus Eder, Helga Sauerwein, Jana Seifert, Korinna Huber, Anja Wegerich, Jürgen Rehage, Sven Dänicke. Dietary l-carnitine Supplementation Modifies the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Phase Reaction in Dairy Cows. Animals. 2021; 11 (1):136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jennifer Meyer; Susanne Ursula Kononov; Sandra Grindler; Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter; Mohamad Taher Alaedin; Jana Frahm; Liane Hüther; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Ulrich Meyer; Erika Most; Klaus Eder; Helga Sauerwein; Jana Seifert; Korinna Huber; Anja Wegerich; Jürgen Rehage; Sven Dänicke. 2021. "Dietary l-carnitine Supplementation Modifies the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Phase Reaction in Dairy Cows." Animals 11, no. 1: 136.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2020 in Dairy
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During late gestation and early lactation, many proliferative processes and metabolic adaptions are involved in homeorhesis. An adjusted supply of oxygen is a precondition for an optimized cellular energy metabolism whereby erythrocytes play a central role. Endogenous L-carnitine modulates the mitochondrial fatty acid utilization for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP). As it might be insufficient around calving due to increased need, L-carnitine supplementation is frequently recommended. Thus, the present study addressed the interplay between the red hemogram, platelets, oxidative stress indices, and L-carnitine supplementation of dairy cows around calving. German Holstein cows were assigned to a control (n = 30) and an L-carnitine group (n = 29, 25 g of rumen-protected L-carnitine per cow and per day), and blood samples were taken from day 42 ante partum (ap) until day 110 postpartum (pp), with a higher sampling frequency during the first three days pp. The time courses of the erythrogram parameters reflected the physiological adaptations to the oxygen need without being influenced by L-carnitine supplementation. Erythrocytic antioxidative enzymatic defence paralleled the relative development of polycythemia ap, while non-enzymatic total plasma antioxidative capacity continuously increased pp. In contrast to erythrocytes, the platelet counts of the L-carnitine supplemented cows varied at significantly higher levels. This can be interpreted as a result of a membrane-stabilizing effect of L-carnitine.

ACS Style

Susanne Ursula Kononov; Jennifer Meyer; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Jeannette Kluess; Ulrich Meyer; Korinna Huber; Sven Dänicke. Effects of Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Platelets and Erythrogram of Dairy Cows with Special Emphasis on Parturition. Dairy 2020, 2, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Susanne Ursula Kononov, Jennifer Meyer, Jana Frahm, Susanne Kersten, Jeannette Kluess, Ulrich Meyer, Korinna Huber, Sven Dänicke. Effects of Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Platelets and Erythrogram of Dairy Cows with Special Emphasis on Parturition. Dairy. 2020; 2 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susanne Ursula Kononov; Jennifer Meyer; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Jeannette Kluess; Ulrich Meyer; Korinna Huber; Sven Dänicke. 2020. "Effects of Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Platelets and Erythrogram of Dairy Cows with Special Emphasis on Parturition." Dairy 2, no. 1: 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Animals
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The present study aimed at evaluating the influences of different concentrate feed proportions in the ration offered to dairy cows post partum with different body condition scores (BCS) before calving. Therefore, 60 pluriparous cows were divided 42 days before expected calving into two groups with a higher or an adequate BCS. After calving, both groups were further subdivided into a group fed a ration with either a low concentrate feed proportion (C, 35% at dry matter basis) or a high (60% at dry matter basis) one. It was hypothesized that different BCS would lead to different reactions concerning varying concentrate feed proportions. Isolated BCS effects were detected in the white blood profile only before calving. Neither low nor high concentrate feed proportions affected hematological, blood immune cell phenotypes and inflammatory markers consistently irrespective of BCS group. It was concluded, that the assessed BCS span covered a range in which the capability of cows to cope with different dietary post partum energy supply remained unchanged.

ACS Style

Katharina Bünemann; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Liane Hüther; Ulrich Meyer; Helga Sauerwein; Jürgen Hummel; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows. Animals 2020, 10, 2251 .

AMA Style

Katharina Bünemann, Jana Frahm, Susanne Kersten, Liane Hüther, Ulrich Meyer, Helga Sauerwein, Jürgen Hummel, Annette Zeyner, Sven Dänicke. Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows. Animals. 2020; 10 (12):2251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katharina Bünemann; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Liane Hüther; Ulrich Meyer; Helga Sauerwein; Jürgen Hummel; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. 2020. "Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows." Animals 10, no. 12: 2251.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Dairy
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A feeding experiment was carried out with late-lactating cows over 12 weeks to evaluate the feeding value of a basic diet with maize and grass silage (MS, GS) when combined with varying portions of concentrate in the ration (20% and 60% on a dry matter basis) and to test the effects on health and performance, the transfer of important Fusarium toxins to blood and milk, the total and Shiga toxin (stx)-forming E. coli counts, and the presence of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) genes in rectal fecal samples. MS was contaminated by a broader spectrum of fungal and other metabolites compared to GS. MS contained higher concentrations of the important Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). Blood and milk levels of DON and ZEN residues generally reflected the differences in exposure at a low level. Feeding of MS with 60% concentrate feed induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) associated with a marked drop in dry matter intake, fat corrected milk yield and a fat to protein ratio in milk of lower than 1.The SARA-associated higher ruminal LPS concentration did not affect the circulating concentrations of haptoglobin as an indicator of systemic inflammation. Lower rumen pH values in both MS-fed groups were associated with lower pH values, higher absolute E. coli counts and increased proportions of stx-positive E. coli in rectal feces. BoNT genes A, B, C, D, E and F remained undetectable in any of the fecal samples suggesting that feedstuffs were virtually free of the corresponding C. botulinum strains. In conclusion, maize feedstuff (silage, grains, starch-containing byproducts)-dominated rations for dairy cows should be avoided to reduce adverse effects on health and food safety.

ACS Style

Sven Dänicke; Julia Krenz; Christian Seyboldt; Heinrich Neubauer; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Karsten Meyer; Janine Saltzmann; Wolfram Richardt; Gerhard Breves; Helga Sauerwein; Michael Sulyok; Ulrich Meyer; Lutz Geue. Maize and Grass Silage Feeding to Dairy Cows Combined with Different Concentrate Feed Proportions with a Special Focus on Mycotoxins, Shiga Toxin (stx)-Forming Escherichia coli and Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) Genes: Implications for Animal Health and Food Safety. Dairy 2020, 1, 91 -126.

AMA Style

Sven Dänicke, Julia Krenz, Christian Seyboldt, Heinrich Neubauer, Jana Frahm, Susanne Kersten, Karsten Meyer, Janine Saltzmann, Wolfram Richardt, Gerhard Breves, Helga Sauerwein, Michael Sulyok, Ulrich Meyer, Lutz Geue. Maize and Grass Silage Feeding to Dairy Cows Combined with Different Concentrate Feed Proportions with a Special Focus on Mycotoxins, Shiga Toxin (stx)-Forming Escherichia coli and Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) Genes: Implications for Animal Health and Food Safety. Dairy. 2020; 1 (2):91-126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sven Dänicke; Julia Krenz; Christian Seyboldt; Heinrich Neubauer; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Karsten Meyer; Janine Saltzmann; Wolfram Richardt; Gerhard Breves; Helga Sauerwein; Michael Sulyok; Ulrich Meyer; Lutz Geue. 2020. "Maize and Grass Silage Feeding to Dairy Cows Combined with Different Concentrate Feed Proportions with a Special Focus on Mycotoxins, Shiga Toxin (stx)-Forming Escherichia coli and Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) Genes: Implications for Animal Health and Food Safety." Dairy 1, no. 2: 91-126.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in Animals
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Dairy cows develop metabolic diseases especially in the transition period due to high energy requirements for the process of calving, beginning milk production and, simultaneously, restricted feed intake capacity. L-carnitine is endogenously synthesised as an obligatory, quaternary amine for the initial step of ß-oxidation, but with the onset of lactation it is also excreted with milk, whereby its availability for other metabolic pathways might be limited. Supplemental L-carnitine might be able to fill in this apparent gap and to enhance the efficiency of ß-oxidation, whereby the magnitude of negative energy balance would be decreased. The present experiment mainly focused on the energy-consuming process of calving itself and on the energy metabolism during the first weeks of lactation. Dairy cows are metabolically challenged during the transition period. Furthermore, the process of parturition represents an energy-consuming process. The degree of negative energy balance and recovery from calving also depends on the efficiency of mitochondrial energy generation. At this point, L-carnitine plays an important role for the transfer of fatty acids to the site of their mitochondrial utilisation. A control (n = 30) and an L-carnitine group (n = 29, 25 g rumen-protected L-carnitine per cow and day) were created and blood samples were taken from day 42 ante partum (ap) until day 110 post-partum (pp) to clarify the impact of L-carnitine supplementation on dairy cows, especially during the transition period and early puerperium. Blood and clinical parameters were recorded in high resolution from 0.5 h to 72 h pp. L-carnitine-supplemented cows had higher amounts of milk fat in early lactation and higher triacylglyceride concentrations in plasma ap, indicating increased efficiency of fat oxidation. However, neither recovery from calving nor energy balance and lipomobilisation were influenced by L-carnitine.

ACS Style

Jennifer Meyer; Susanne Ursula Daniels; Sandra Grindler; Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter; Mohamadtaher Alaedin; Jana Frahm; Liane Hüther; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Ulrich Meyer; Erika Most; Klaus Eder; Helga Sauerwein; Jana Seifert; Korinna Huber; Jürgen Rehage; Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Performance, Energy Metabolism and Recovery from Calving in Dairy Cows. Animals 2020, 10, 342 .

AMA Style

Jennifer Meyer, Susanne Ursula Daniels, Sandra Grindler, Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter, Mohamadtaher Alaedin, Jana Frahm, Liane Hüther, Jeannette Kluess, Susanne Kersten, Dirk Von Soosten, Ulrich Meyer, Erika Most, Klaus Eder, Helga Sauerwein, Jana Seifert, Korinna Huber, Jürgen Rehage, Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Performance, Energy Metabolism and Recovery from Calving in Dairy Cows. Animals. 2020; 10 (2):342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jennifer Meyer; Susanne Ursula Daniels; Sandra Grindler; Johanna Tröscher-Mußotter; Mohamadtaher Alaedin; Jana Frahm; Liane Hüther; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Ulrich Meyer; Erika Most; Klaus Eder; Helga Sauerwein; Jana Seifert; Korinna Huber; Jürgen Rehage; Sven Dänicke. 2020. "Effects of a Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation on Performance, Energy Metabolism and Recovery from Calving in Dairy Cows." Animals 10, no. 2: 342.

Journal article
Published: 12 December 2019 in Animals
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Development of calves depends on prenatal and postnatal conditions. Primiparous cows were still maturing during pregnancy, which can lead to negative intrauterine conditions and affect the calf’s metabolism. It is hypothesized that weaning calves at higher maturity has positive effects due to reduced metabolic stress. We aimed to evaluate effects of mothers’ parity and calves’ weaning age on growth performance and blood metabolites. Fifty-nine female Holstein calves (38.8 ± 5.3 kg birth weight, about 8 days old) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with factors weaning age (7 vs. 17 weeks) and parity of mother (primiparous vs. multiparous cows). Calves were randomly assigned one of these four groups. Live weight, live weight gain and morphometry increased over time and were greater in calves weaned later. Metabolic indicators except total protein were interactively affected by time and weaning age. Leptin remained low in early-weaned calves born to primiparous cows, while it increased in the other groups. The results suggest that weaning more mature calves has a positive effect on body growth, and calves born to primiparous cows particularly benefit from this weaning regimen. It also enables a smooth transition from liquid to solid feed, which might reduce the associated stress of weaning.

ACS Style

Sarah Schwarzkopf; Asako Kinoshita; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Korinna Huber; Sven Dänicke; Jana Frahm. Weaning Holstein Calves at 17 Weeks of Age Enables Smooth Transition from Liquid to Solid Feed. Animals 2019, 9, 1132 .

AMA Style

Sarah Schwarzkopf, Asako Kinoshita, Jeannette Kluess, Susanne Kersten, Ulrich Meyer, Korinna Huber, Sven Dänicke, Jana Frahm. Weaning Holstein Calves at 17 Weeks of Age Enables Smooth Transition from Liquid to Solid Feed. Animals. 2019; 9 (12):1132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Schwarzkopf; Asako Kinoshita; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Korinna Huber; Sven Dänicke; Jana Frahm. 2019. "Weaning Holstein Calves at 17 Weeks of Age Enables Smooth Transition from Liquid to Solid Feed." Animals 9, no. 12: 1132.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2019 in Veterinary Sciences
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In spring, transition from a total mixed ration (TMR) to a full grazing ration with moderate concentrate supply influences cow's metabolism. It has been shown that feeding moderate amounts of concentrate during fulltime grazing did not prevent energy shortage and lipomobilization, alterations in energy metabolism, decreasing milk production and loss in body weight. As diet change and energy balance are closely related to immune reactivity, in this trial the effect of transition to pasture on specific immune parameters of cows was documented. Over a 12-week trial 43 dairy cows were observed during transition from confinement to pasture (PG; n = 22) and compared to cows fed TMR indoor (CG; n = 21). The CG stayed on a TMR based ration (35% corn silage, 35% grass silage, 30% concentrate; dry matter (DM) basis), whereas the PG slowly switched to a pasture -based ration (week 0 and 1 = TMR, week 2 = TMR and 3 h pasture·day-1, week 3 and 4 = TMR and 12 h pasture·day-1, and week 5 to 11 = pasture combined with 4.5 kg DM concentrate·cow-1·day-1). Inflammatory markers like blood haptoglobin or tryptophan to kynurenine ratio did not indicate acute phase reaction. Proportions of CD4+ (T-helper cells) and CD8+ cells (cytotoxic T-cells) remained uninfluenced as well. White blood cell concentration and its subpopulation of granulocytes increased over time in the PG. Stimulation ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to mount an oxidative burst significantly increased during the trial, too. The endogenous antioxidant state as characterized by glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in blood of the PG did not change, whereas the vitamin E concentration reached the highest level at the end of the trial. The 25-CHO metabolites of vitamin D increased as soon as the PG had pasture access, whereas the other metabolite 25-ERG decreased. The results of this study indicate that transition to pasture affects immune related parameters. However, the consequences of the observed effects on health status of the pasture group need to be clarified in further studies with a defined concurrent immune challenge.

ACS Style

Julia Hartwiger; Melanie Schären; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Liane Hüther; Helga Sauerwein; Ulrich Meyer; Gerhard Breves; Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined with a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Immunological Cell and Blood Parameters of Dairy Cows. Veterinary Sciences 2019, 6, 47 .

AMA Style

Julia Hartwiger, Melanie Schären, Jana Frahm, Susanne Kersten, Liane Hüther, Helga Sauerwein, Ulrich Meyer, Gerhard Breves, Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined with a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Immunological Cell and Blood Parameters of Dairy Cows. Veterinary Sciences. 2019; 6 (2):47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Hartwiger; Melanie Schären; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Liane Hüther; Helga Sauerwein; Ulrich Meyer; Gerhard Breves; Sven Dänicke. 2019. "Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined with a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Immunological Cell and Blood Parameters of Dairy Cows." Veterinary Sciences 6, no. 2: 47.

Journal article
Published: 29 March 2019 in Animals
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The aim of this study was to evaluate energy metabolism and lipid mobilization via ultrasonic measurements (USM), considering inner fat depots, in lactating dairy cows differing in body condition score (BCS) and fed rations with low (35% at dry matter basis; C35) or high (60% at dry matter basis; C60) concentrate feed proportions postpartum. Sixty pluriparous German Holstein cows were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design from d 42 antepartum (relative to calculated calving) until d 120 postpartum. Animals were divided into a group with a lower (initial BCS = 3.1 ± 0.38 SD; BCSL) and a group with a higher (initial BCS = 3.83 ± 0.41 SD; BCSH) BCS. Due to higher dry matter intake C60 groups reached the positive energy balance earlier, whereas C35 groups had a more pronounced negative energy balance. Although this would suggest a more pronounced mobilization of C35 groups the USM revealed no differences between feeding groups. Differences in BCS between both BCS groups remained almost the same over the trial. This was not reflected in ultrasonic data, as lipid mobilization was higher in higher conditioned cows. These findings demonstrate the extended possibilities of USM to depict metabolic processes.

ACS Style

Katharina Bünemann; Dirk Von Soosten; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Jürgen Hummel; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. Effects of Body Condition and Concentrate Proportion of the Ration on Mobilization of Fat Depots and Energetic Condition in Dairy Cows during Early Lactation Based on Ultrasonic Measurements. Animals 2019, 9, 131 .

AMA Style

Katharina Bünemann, Dirk Von Soosten, Jana Frahm, Susanne Kersten, Ulrich Meyer, Jürgen Hummel, Annette Zeyner, Sven Dänicke. Effects of Body Condition and Concentrate Proportion of the Ration on Mobilization of Fat Depots and Energetic Condition in Dairy Cows during Early Lactation Based on Ultrasonic Measurements. Animals. 2019; 9 (4):131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katharina Bünemann; Dirk Von Soosten; Jana Frahm; Susanne Kersten; Ulrich Meyer; Jürgen Hummel; Annette Zeyner; Sven Dänicke. 2019. "Effects of Body Condition and Concentrate Proportion of the Ration on Mobilization of Fat Depots and Energetic Condition in Dairy Cows during Early Lactation Based on Ultrasonic Measurements." Animals 9, no. 4: 131.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2018 in Animals
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In temperate climate zones, cows are in spring traditionally transitioned from a silage and concentrate- ration to a pasture-based ration. This transition requires complex nutritional and metabolic adaptions for the cow, resulting in a lower feed intake with consequences on energy metabolism. Normally concentrate feed is supplied to support the cows after transition to pasture. Depending on weather influences and growing stage, grass contains high amounts of fast fermentable carbohydrates and low amounts of physical effective fiber. In a previous trial, pasture feeding combined with low amounts of concentrate supply did not prevent an energy shortage after transition to pasture but led to changes in ruminal fermentation patterns indicating a possible risk for rumen health. However, the impact of ration change has not been extensively researched so far when moderate concentrate feed was supplied moderately in order to prevent an energy deficiency. To investigate the influences different rumen variables were documented, using continuous pH measuring devices and weekly diurnal fermentation assessments in rumen fistulated animals. Influence on rumen epithelial morphology was measured by the collection of rumen papillae biopsies and subsequent surface area, as well as histopathological analyses. With the help of this data, a greater understanding of the adaption period of the animals during transition from confinement to pasture is made possible. In spring, transition from a total mixed ration (TMR) to pasture requires rumen adaptions for the cow. It had been shown that transition period does not necessarily mean an increased risk for subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). After adaption to pasture, however, supplying low amounts of concentrate did indicate increased risk, but caused no adverse effects on rumen morphology and absorption capacity. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of transition, and how a supply of 4.5 kg dry matter concentrate·cow−1·day−1 during fulltime grazing influenced different rumen parameters. During a 12-week trial eleven rumen-cannulated dairy cows were observed during transition from confinement to pasture (PG; n = 6) and compared to cows fed TMR indoors (CG; n = 5). The CG stayed on a TMR based ration (35% corn silage, 35% grass silage, 30% concentrate; dry matter basis), whereas the PG slowly switched to a pasture-based ration (week 0 and 1 = TMR, week 2 = TMR and 3 h pasture·day−1, week 3 and 4 = TMR and 12 h pasture·day−1, and week 5 to 11 = pasture combined with 4.5 kg DM concentrate·cow−1·day−1). Papillae surface area decreased during transition and increased again during fulltime grazing, while the fractional absorption rate of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was not influenced. This suggests only a limited effect of papillae surface area on VFA absorption rate. Feeding changes resulted in different fermentation profiles of VFA. Changing ratio of starch to sugar during transition to...

ACS Style

Julia Hartwiger; Melanie Schären; Sarah Potthoff; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Andreas Beineke; Ulrich Meyer; Gerhard Breves; Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined With a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Rumen Fermentation of Dairy Cows. Animals 2018, 8, 205 .

AMA Style

Julia Hartwiger, Melanie Schären, Sarah Potthoff, Liane Hüther, Susanne Kersten, Dirk Von Soosten, Andreas Beineke, Ulrich Meyer, Gerhard Breves, Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined With a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Rumen Fermentation of Dairy Cows. Animals. 2018; 8 (11):205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Hartwiger; Melanie Schären; Sarah Potthoff; Liane Hüther; Susanne Kersten; Dirk Von Soosten; Andreas Beineke; Ulrich Meyer; Gerhard Breves; Sven Dänicke. 2018. "Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined With a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on Rumen Fermentation of Dairy Cows." Animals 8, no. 11: 205.

Journal article
Published: 18 October 2018 in Toxins
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We investigated the effects of feeding sodium sulfite (SoS) treated uncontaminated and Fusarium contaminated maize in a porcine lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge model. Eighty piglets (7.59 ± 0.92 kg body weight [BW]) were equally assigned to one of four experimental diets containing 10% maize, either uncontaminated and untreated (CON−, 0.09 mg deoxynivalenol [DON]/kg diet) or uncontaminated and SoS-treated (CON+, wet-preserved with 5 g SoS/kg maize; 0.05 mg DON/kg diet), or prepared with 10% of a Fusarium contaminated maize containing mainly deoxynivalenol (DON), either contaminated and untreated (FUS−, 5.36 mg DON/kg diet), or contaminated and SoS-treated (FUS+, wet-preserved with 5 g SoS/kg maize; 0.83 mg DON/kg diet). At day 42 of experiment, ten pigs of each group were injected intraperitoneally with either 7.5 µg LPS/kg BW or placebo (0.9% NaCl). At 120 min after injection, blood samples were collected to analyse TNF-α, hematological profile, clinical biochemistry as well as the redox status. A significant increase in body temperature and cytokine TNF-α concentration was observed in the LPS-injected piglets. Results for hematology, clinical chemistry and redox status indicate no effects of SoS treatment, with exception of neutrophil counts being significantly more pronounced after feeding the SoS treated FUS maize. In conclusion, SoS treatment of maize did not modulate the LPS-induced acute inflammation.

ACS Style

Anh-Tuan Tran; Jeannette Kluess; Andreas Berk; Marleen Paulick; Jana Frahm; Dian Schatzmayr; Susanne Kersten; Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Maize Treated with Sodium Sulfite on Male Piglets in the Presence of an LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation. Toxins 2018, 10, 419 .

AMA Style

Anh-Tuan Tran, Jeannette Kluess, Andreas Berk, Marleen Paulick, Jana Frahm, Dian Schatzmayr, Susanne Kersten, Sven Dänicke. Effects of a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Maize Treated with Sodium Sulfite on Male Piglets in the Presence of an LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation. Toxins. 2018; 10 (10):419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anh-Tuan Tran; Jeannette Kluess; Andreas Berk; Marleen Paulick; Jana Frahm; Dian Schatzmayr; Susanne Kersten; Sven Dänicke. 2018. "Effects of a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Maize Treated with Sodium Sulfite on Male Piglets in the Presence of an LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation." Toxins 10, no. 10: 419.

Original articles
Published: 22 December 2017 in Archives of Animal Nutrition
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The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the efficiency of the decontamination process applied to deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated maize by sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) treatment in vivo. Additionally, in vitro characterisation of the toxicity of the DON sulphonates (DONS 1, 2 and 3 denote structurally different forms), the resulting DON metabolites, on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) should substantiate the inactivation of DON. In a piglet experiment, both DON-contaminated maize and -uncontaminated control maize either untreated (DON−, CON−) or Na2SO3-treated (DON+, CON+) were mixed into feed and fed for 42 d starting from weaning. The results showed that feed intake and daily weight gain of animals fed DON− were significantly lower compared to animals fed CON− and CON+, whereas group DON+ reached the control level or even exceeded it. The feed-to-gain ratio was unaffected (p = 0.45). Furthermore, DON concentrations in plasma markedly reflected the diets’ DON concentrations. These were < 0.1, < 0.1, 5.4 and 0.8 mg/kg feed for CON−, CON+, DON− and DON+, and amounted to 0.3, 0.4, 33.0 and 9.3 ng/ml in plasma, respectively. Whereas DONS 2 and 3 were detected in the DON+ diet, only DONS 2 was recovered in plasma. Regarding the toxicity of DONS, no or much lower toxicity was found compared to DON. DONS 1 and Na2SO3 did not affect the viability of PBMC. At 32.71μM DONS2 the viability was reduced by 50% and thus this compound was less toxic than DON by a factor of 73. Consequently, wet preservation of maize with Na2SO3 was an effective tool to avoid the adverse effects of DON on performance of piglets.

ACS Style

Marleen Paulick; Janine Winkler; Susanne Kersten; Dian Schatzmayr; Jana Frahm; Jeannette Kluess; Heidi Schwartz-Zimmermann; Sven Dänicke. Effects of oral exposure to sodium sulphite-treated deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated maize on performance and plasma concentrations of toxins and metabolites in piglets. Archives of Animal Nutrition 2017, 72, 42 -57.

AMA Style

Marleen Paulick, Janine Winkler, Susanne Kersten, Dian Schatzmayr, Jana Frahm, Jeannette Kluess, Heidi Schwartz-Zimmermann, Sven Dänicke. Effects of oral exposure to sodium sulphite-treated deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated maize on performance and plasma concentrations of toxins and metabolites in piglets. Archives of Animal Nutrition. 2017; 72 (1):42-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marleen Paulick; Janine Winkler; Susanne Kersten; Dian Schatzmayr; Jana Frahm; Jeannette Kluess; Heidi Schwartz-Zimmermann; Sven Dänicke. 2017. "Effects of oral exposure to sodium sulphite-treated deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated maize on performance and plasma concentrations of toxins and metabolites in piglets." Archives of Animal Nutrition 72, no. 1: 42-57.

Original article
Published: 04 May 2017 in Mycotoxin Research
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The aim of the present study was to examine the role of chronic deoxynivalenol (DON) exposition on the liver morphology and function in combination with pre- and post-hepatic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress in young pigs fed for 4 weeks with a DON-contaminated diet (4.59 mg/kg feed). At the end of the experiment, LPS (7.5 μg/kg BW) was administered for 1 h pre-hepatically (Vena portae hepatis) or post-hepatically (Vena jugularis). Liver morphology was macroscopically checked and showed haemorrhage in all LPS groups, significantly higher relative liver weights, accompanied by marked oedema in the gallbladder wall. Histological changes were judged by a modified histology activity index (HAI). Liver HAI score was significantly increased in all LPS groups compared to placebo, primarily due to neutrophil infiltration and haemorrhage. DON feed alone was without effect on the liver HAI. Liver function was characterized by (i) hepatic biochemical markers, (ii) mitochondrial respiration and (iii) Ca2+ accumulation capacity of isolated mitochondria. Clinical chemical parameters characterizing liver function were initially (<3 h) slightly influenced by LPS. After 3 h, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were increased significantly, in DON-fed, jugular-infused LPS group. Respiration and Ca2+ accumulation capacity of isolated liver mitochondria was not impaired by chronic DON exposure, acute LPS challenge or combined treatments. DON-contaminated feed did not change macroscopy and histology of the liver, but modified the function under LPS stress. The different function was not linked to modifications of liver mitochondria.

ACS Style

Lydia Renner; Stefan Kahlert; Tanja Tesch; Erik Bannert; Jana Frahm; Anikó Barta-Böszörményi; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Peter Schönfeld; Hermann-Josef Rothkötter; Sven Dänicke. Chronic DON exposure and acute LPS challenge: effects on porcine liver morphology and function. Mycotoxin Research 2017, 33, 207 -218.

AMA Style

Lydia Renner, Stefan Kahlert, Tanja Tesch, Erik Bannert, Jana Frahm, Anikó Barta-Böszörményi, Jeannette Kluess, Susanne Kersten, Peter Schönfeld, Hermann-Josef Rothkötter, Sven Dänicke. Chronic DON exposure and acute LPS challenge: effects on porcine liver morphology and function. Mycotoxin Research. 2017; 33 (3):207-218.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lydia Renner; Stefan Kahlert; Tanja Tesch; Erik Bannert; Jana Frahm; Anikó Barta-Böszörményi; Jeannette Kluess; Susanne Kersten; Peter Schönfeld; Hermann-Josef Rothkötter; Sven Dänicke. 2017. "Chronic DON exposure and acute LPS challenge: effects on porcine liver morphology and function." Mycotoxin Research 33, no. 3: 207-218.

Comparative study
Published: 01 January 2017 in Toxins
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The common feed contaminant deoxynivalenol (DON) was reported to influence the morphology of the pars nonglandularis (PN) of porcine stomach. Moreover, finely ground feed is known to trigger the development of ulcers and other pathologies of PN while coarsely ground feed protects from such lesions. The interactions between grinding fineness and DON contamination of feed were not examined so far. Therefore, both finely and coarsely ground feeds were tested either in the absence or presence of a DON contaminated wheat on growth performance and health of rearing piglets, including stomach integrity. DON contamination significantly reduced feed intake and serum albumin concentration with this effect being more pronounced after feeding the coarsely ground feed. Albeit at a higher level, albumin concentration was also reduced after feeding the finely ground and uncontaminated feed. Finely ground and DON-contaminated feed caused a significantly more pronounced lymphoplasmacytic infiltration both of PN and pars glandularis, partly paralleled by lymph follicle formation and detritus filled foveolae and tubes suggesting a local immune response probably triggered by epithelial lesions. It is concluded that DON contamination of feed exacerbates the adverse effects of finely ground feed on stomach mucosal integrity.

ACS Style

Sven Dänicke; Andreas Beineke; Andreas Berk; Susanne Kersten. Deoxynivalenol (DON) Contamination of Feed and Grinding Fineness: Are There Interactive Implications on Stomach Integrity and Health of Piglets? Toxins 2017, 9, 16 .

AMA Style

Sven Dänicke, Andreas Beineke, Andreas Berk, Susanne Kersten. Deoxynivalenol (DON) Contamination of Feed and Grinding Fineness: Are There Interactive Implications on Stomach Integrity and Health of Piglets? Toxins. 2017; 9 (1):16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sven Dänicke; Andreas Beineke; Andreas Berk; Susanne Kersten. 2017. "Deoxynivalenol (DON) Contamination of Feed and Grinding Fineness: Are There Interactive Implications on Stomach Integrity and Health of Piglets?" Toxins 9, no. 1: 16.