The use of weather satellite recordings has been growing rapidly over the last three decades. Determining the patterns between meteorological and topographical features is an important scientific job. Cloud cover analysis and properties can be of the utmost significance for potential cloud seeding. Here, the analysis of the cloud properties was conducted by means of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite recordings. The resolution of used data was 1 km² within the period of 30 years (1989–2019). This research showed moderate changing of cloudiness in the territory of Serbia with a high cloudiness in February, followed by cloudiness in January and November. For the past three decades, May has been the month with the highest cloudiness. The regions in the east and south-west, and particularly in the west, have a high absolute cloudiness, which is connected with the high elevation of the country. By means of long term monitoring, the whole territory of Serbia was analyzed for the first time, in terms of cloudiness. Apart from the statistical and numerical results obtained, this research showed a connection between relief and clouds, especially in the winter season. Linear regression MK (Mann-Kendall test) has proven this theory right, connecting high elevation sides with high absolute cloudiness through the year.

The subject of this paper is to determine how the COVID-19 virus pandemic affected the situation in Serbian villages. The task of the paper is to show the positive and negative consequences that resulted from the pandemic. This would indicate that some of them may represent a new idea, a chance, or would work in favor of the sustainability of the villages of Serbia. In support of objectivity, research was carried out among the population that inhabits the rural areas of Serbia. It examined the extent to which internationally recognized phenomena and consequences of the COVID-19 virus pandemic were present in the study area and considered the nature of their impact on sustainability. The results of the semi-structured questionnaire were processed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Respondents contributed to the conception of possible solutions with their comments. The obtained differences in the answers resulted from different socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, but also from the fact that the villages of Serbia differ in natural and social characteristics. Respondents’ responses are in favor of economic and sociodemographic sustainability, but they do not think in terms of environmental sustainability. The paper reveals several development opportunities, which complement each other and contribute to different methods for sustainability of rural villages in Serbia.

The dynamic growth of tourism in Serbia has significantly reshaped the spatial structure of destinations, raising important issues related to sustainable development and spatial management. This study aims to examine the perceived effectiveness of spatial planning in tourism, based on tourists’ assessments of plan implementation and its visible implications for sustainable development. The research was conducted in Serbia in 2025 using a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis based on a survey of 208 valid respondents. The quantitative analysis included Spearman’s rank correlation and Z-test to examine relationships between variables and differences in attitudes, while qualitative insights were derived from open-ended responses. The results indicate a statistically significant positive correlation between the perceived implementation of spatial plans and the level of tourism development (Rs = 0.283, p < 0.001). However, the findings also reveal that 41.3% of respondents believe that tourism is only slightly considered in spatial plans, while 45.19% express negative attitudes toward the integration of tourism into planning processes. The study identifies key challenges, including weak cross-sector coordination, insufficient integration of tourism into spatial plans, and limited involvement of local communities. These findings highlight a critical gap between formal planning frameworks and their practical implementation. The main contribution of this research lies in providing empirical evidence from the perspective of tourists, a stakeholder group often overlooked in spatial planning studies, thereby addressing a gap in the literature on tourism–planning integration in Serbia. The results suggest that improving institutional coordination, strengthening participatory planning, and enhancing monitoring mechanisms are essential for achieving sustainable tourism development. The study offers targeted policy implications for aligning spatial planning with tourism development goals while preserving natural and cultural resources.

Demographic issues such as low natality, depopulation and population ageing are characteristic of the mountain areas in Serbia, including the majority of the mountain regions worldwide. These adversities have caused economic decline, poverty and a general regression of socio-economic development. This paper aims to analyze the current demographic situation concerning the settlements in the mountain Šljivovička planina and its piedmont for the purpose of determining the basis for sustainable demographic development. The survey was conducted in 17 settlements that belong to the municipalities of the Pirot District. The research results show that all rural settlements belonging to the surveyed area are affected by the process of depopulation and accompanying changes in population age structure. In terms of the urban and rural populations, there are huge distinctions in population trends, in favour of the residents of the urban settlement. Demographic revitalisation of this area cannot be expected without implementation of radical policy measures.