Hybrid nanoflowers synthesized from proteins, enzymes, amino acids and various plant extracts have attracted considerable interest and are used for a variety of purposes. Notably, they exhibit increased stability, as well as enhanced catalytic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity compared to free molecules. Most synthesis techniques are expected to occur in a solution medium. In this study, we synthesized catecholamine hybrid nanoflowers in situ as a result of a one-day incubation. The in situ catecholamine nanoflower that we synthesized on the surface of a glass exhibits high antimicrobial activity. Thanks to this feature, they have the potential to be used as antimicrobial surface coatings. For surface-bound synthesis, we selected a glass surface as the model surface and catecholamines (dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine) as the model organic components. We characterized the in situ catecholamine nanoflower using Scanning Electron Microscopy and contact angle analysis. Additionally, we tested the antimicrobial activities of the in situ catecholamine nanoflower coating against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the fungus Candida albicans. The results revealed that the antimicrobial activity of the in situ catecholamine nanoflower coatings had increased significantly. In view of the findings, it is expected that they will have a successful impact as part of antimicrobial surface coatings.

Adipoz doku hem enerji deposu hem de adipokinler olarak adlandırılan biyolojik olarak önemli çok sayıda molekülü salgılayan aktif bir endokrin organ olarak işlev görmektedir. Adipokinlerin üreme fonksiyonlarının düzenlenmesinde yer aldığı kanıtlanmıştır ve tanımlanan ilk adipokin leptindir. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar, leptinin beyine giden enerji depolarının miktarının yalnızca yağ dokusundan türetilen bir habercisi olmadığını, aynı zamanda iltihaplanma, anjiyogenez, hematopoez, bağışıklık fonksiyonu ve üreme gibi bir dizi farklı fizyolojik süreç için çok önemli bir hormon/sitokin olduğunu göstermektedir. Adiposit kaynaklı bir hormon olan leptin, özellikle ergenlik ve üreme döneminde vücutta çok sayıda fizyolojik ve metabolik fonksiyonda önemli rol oynamaktadır. Leptin, merkezi hipotalamik etkilerinin yanı sıra, testisler de dahil olmak üzere birçok periferik organda (mide, iskelet kası, hipofiz hücreleri, plasenta) etki göstermektedir ve hem erkek üreme hem de dişi üreme işlevinde düzenleyici bir role sahiptir. Leptin normal üreme işlevi için gereklidir, ancak fazla miktarda bulunduğunda üreme sistemi üzerinde zararlı etkileri olabilir. Non-obstrüktif azoospermi, oligozoospermi ve oligo-asteno-teratozoospermi dahil olmak üzere testiküler parankimi etkileyen bozuklukları olan infertil erkeklerin yüksek leptin konsantrasyonlarına sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Literatürde yapılan son çalışmalar, hipotalamik-hipofizeal-gonadal (HPG) ekseni, androjen regülasyonu ve sperm üretimi ile leptin ve infertilite arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmalardan yola çıkarak, leptin fazlalığı, eksikliği veya direnci durumlarının anormal üreme işlevi ile ilişkili olabileceğini söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca, yüksek leptinin neden olduğu bu anormallikler artan oksidatif stres ile de ilişkilendirilmiştir. Eğer ki leptin ve üreme arasındaki ilişki tam olarak anlaşılabilirse, hem erkek hem de kadın infertilitesi için gelecekte hedeflenen tedavilere ışık tutabilecektir. Bu derleme leptin ile fertilite arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanmaktadır.

This study aimed to evaluate the phenolic content, mineral profile, antioxidant capacity, and in vivo diuretic activity of resins secreted by Rosaceae family trees grown in the same environment. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum nitrate methods, respectively. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated via iron-reducing power, copper-reducing capacity, and DPPH assays. Resin chemical composition, phenolic structures, and mineral content were analyzed using GC/MS, HPLC, and ICP-MS. For the in vivo diuretic activity, Wistar albino rats were divided into control (0.9% NaCl), furosemide (10 mg/kg), and resin extract (100 mg/kg) groups. Urine samples were collected at 5 and 24 h to analyze diuretic activity, creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium, and chloride levels. Plant resins demonstrated high phenolic and flavonoid contents, strong antioxidant properties, and rich essential mineral profiles with valuable bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the resins exhibited potential diuretic activity parallel to that of furosemide. At 24 h, urine activity was high in Prunus spinosa and Prunus dulcis, while Prunus domestica, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus armeniaca, and Prunus persica showed moderate activity. Prunus plant resins possess significant potential as bioactive components, natural antioxidants, or preservatives in food formulations. Additionally, their demonstrated diuretic effect highlights their promising therapeutic potential in fluid balance management.

Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity represents a major clinical challenge, with accumulating evidence implicating gut microbiota dysbiosis in reduced treatment tolerance. Ifosfamide is a widely used alkylating agent; however, its effects on gut microbial community structure remain incompletely understood. This preclinical study investigated ifosfamide-associated microbiota alterations and evaluated the microbiota-modulating potential of gallic acid as a supportive intervention. Male rats were assigned to control, ifosfamide, gallic acid, and combined ifosfamide + gallic acid groups. Fecal samples were collected longitudinally and analyzed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing for high-resolution taxonomic profiling. At the phylum level, ifosfamide exposure induced a marked decrease in Bacillota accompanied by a significant expansion of Bacteroidota, reflecting a dysbiotic shift associated with intestinal stress. Genus-level analysis revealed substantial reductions in beneficial taxa, including Lactobacillus, Ligilactobacillus, and Blautia, alongside enrichment of stress-adaptive and opportunistic genera such as Romboutsia and Segatella. Species-level profiling demonstrated significant depletion of mucosa-associated lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus intestinalis, and Ligilactobacillus murinus, following ifosfamide treatment. Conversely, opportunistic taxa such as Romboutsia ilealis and Segatella copri and transient increases in Escherichia coli were observed, consistent with chemotherapy-induced intestinal perturbation. Gallic acid administration partially preserved microbial diversity, attenuated the expansion of opportunistic taxa, and supported recovery of beneficial bacteria, resulting in an intermediate microbial profile under combination treatment. These findings provide preclinical evidence that gallic acid mitigates ifosfamide-associated gut dysbiosis and highlight gut microbiota modulation as a potential adjunctive strategy to improve chemotherapy tolerance. Further translational and clinical investigations are warranted.