The Thai domestic rare earth oxides, including cerium, lanthanum, and neodymium oxides, with the effects of calcination temperatures (500–1000 °C), were utilized as catalysts for twelve Jatropha biodiesel alternatives via an esterification reaction. This study applied life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology from well-to-wheel analysis to assess energy efficiency and the global warming impact with and without land use change. The results of the life cycle analysis showed that the Jatropha biodiesel alternatives using the La₂O₃ catalyst in all conditions (0.89–1.06) were found to be potential fuel substitutes for conventional diesel (0.86) in terms of net energy ratios; however, the results showed that they generated a higher global warming impact. Considering the improvement process of Jatropha biodiesel in the utilization of waste heat recovery, the Jatropha biodiesel reduced the impacts of the net energy ratios and the global warming impact by 22–24% and 34–36%, respectively. The alternative Jatropha biodiesel using the La₂O₃ catalyst with a calcination temperature of 600 °C was shown to be the most environmentally friendly of all the studied fuels; relatively, it had the highest energy ratios of 1.06–1.37 (with and without waste heat recovery) and the lowest total global warming impact of 47.9–70.7 kg CO₂ equivalent (with land use change). The integration of the material and process development by domestic catalysts and the recovery of waste heat would improve the sustainability choices of biofuel production from renewable resources for transportation fuels in Thailand.

This article introduces an inventive holder for endotracheal tubes designed specifically to support neonates with severe respiratory conditions during ventilation. Its primary goal is to minimize the risk of slippage of ventilator tubes in newborns, a critical concern that can lead to complications in their respiratory health. The innovation accommodates endotracheal tube equipment by offering adjustable sizing to match different dimensions. The development process employs computer-aided design (CAD) principles, while prototypes are crafted using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. Comprising four main components—a support for the endotracheal tube header, a support for the tube unit itself, a flexible structure for tube positioning, and a stabilizing base—the innovation demonstrates structural strength and suitability within predefined parameters. It effectively supports the endotracheal tube apparatus while providing flexibility in positioning and distance adjustments. Importantly, its height can be tailored to suit the newborn’s head, offering adaptability for optimal usage. This research supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 9 relating to “Good health and well-being” and “Industry, innovation and infrastructure”.

The international trade in organic food has obviously increased potential in the past decade. The present study was conducted to assess and compare the first global warming impact of fluid milk production in Thailand associated to two systems, namely organic and conventional farms, by applying LCA for a case study approach. The assessment was based on a cradle-to-farm gate, with 1 kg of fat- and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) as a functional unit (FU). The environmental impact was evaluated according to International Dairy Federation or biological allocation. The results showed that the global warming values of organic farms (2.366–2.783 kg CO₂ equivalent/kg FPCM) were 47% moderately higher than those of conventional farms (1.253–1.474 kg CO₂ equivalent/kg FPCM). The main contributors to the global warming impact were feed consumption and CH₄ emission, accounting for 33.41% and 33.19%, respectively. The highest global warming impact was found in the stages of lactating cow. Another interesting finding was lack of local organic feed with a relatively high impact on transportation stage. Based on biological allocation, the global warming impact was increased over 12.652–13.107% by the mass allocation method, whereas economic allocation exhibited no effect on the global warming impact. A sensitivity analysis result indicated that the organic farm was economically feasible as an alternative to conventional farm. The substitution of conventional farming with organic farming of 10–50% led to an annual global warming impact in Thailand of 8–30% higher than that of conventional farms.

This study evaluates the environmental sustainability of conventional and organic rice production systems in Nakorn Nayok province, Thailand, focusing on the Khao Dawk Mali 105 variety. Limited studies have evaluated comparative production systems, alternative water management scenarios, and uncertainty in rice life cycle assessment (LCA) under tropical smallholder conditions. A cradle-to-farm gate LCA was conducted under water-sowing continuous flooding (WSF), with 1 kg paddy rice as the functional unit and the ReCiPe 2016 midpoint (H) method. The results showed that organic systems under flooding exhibit higher global warming potential (GWP) than conventional systems, primarily due to methane emissions, which contributed over 83% of the total GWP. The relatively high GWP values compared with previous studies are associated with continuous flooding conditions, methodological assumptions based on IPCC default emission factors, and lower yield in the studied systems. Uncertainty analysis suggests that organic WSF had higher environmental impacts in 8 out of 18 midpoint categories, while sensitivity analysis highlights the importance of water management. Alternative practices, including dry-sowing delayed flooding (DSF) and saturated soil (ST), can reduce the GWP by 39–57% and water consumption by 8–18%, highlighting the importance of water management as an effective strategy for improving environmental sustainability in rice production systems. Sensitivity and multivariate analyses suggest that resource use and water management are key drivers of environmental impacts. Overall, the findings demonstrate that water management and yield are key factors influencing environmental performance in rice production systems and provide insight for improving sustainability under tropical agricultural conditions.

This study presents the concept design of a wireless-controlled powered transport chair for caregiver-assisted handling and short-duration seated movement in care facilities. No prototype has been fabricated and no structural, metrological, or human testing has been performed; every value reported is a design requirement, not a measured result. The intended users are adult patients who tolerate supported sitting and retain enough trunk control to remain seated with the support rails and restraint engaged, together with a trained caregiver; patients needing full postural support or a lying transfer are outside the intended use. The device integrates powered low-speed mobility, height adjustment, a powered fore–aft seat extension that bridges the residual gap left at the bed base, local and wireless control, an independent hardwired emergency stop, and load-cell seated weight measurement. The frame is designed to accommodate a patient of up to 150 kg. A Raspberry Pi provides the user interface, while an independent hardware layer governs all powered motion. Candidate frame materials are compared qualitatively. Verification covers proof-load testing, worst-case static stability, load-cell calibration, control and emergency-stop response, power-loss recovery, battery endurance, and usability testing with caregivers and patients. Participatory design with wheelchair users and caregivers is planned before fabrication.