Background: Impacted teeth are commonly asymptomatic and not associated with any pathologic lesions for years. Any change in the size of the follicle associated with impacted teeth may result in odontogenic cysts or tumors. CBCT plays an important role in determining the radiographic features of a lesion and therefore, is very helpful for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Objective: This study aims to evaluate radiolucent lesions associated with impacted teeth in terms of age and sex distribution, localization, and comparison with the pathological diagnosis. Methods: In this retrospective study, out of 6758 CBCT images, 400 images revealing radiolucent lesions were detected. The study included only 190 cases (regarding 180 patients) which had a matching histopathological evaluation. Data related to the age and sex of the patients, localization of the lesions, and their comparison with the pathological diagnosis were recorded and analyzed. Results: The most encountered lesions were dentigerous cysts (60%) and odontogenic keratocysts CIOSS (26.3%). Males were the most affected (63.3%). Most of the lesions were found in the left and right posterior mandible and mostly (66.8 %) associated with third molars. Out of 123 radiological diagnoses of dentigerous cyst cases, histopathological diagnoses confirmed 108 cases. Regarding odontogenic keratocyst, histopathological diagnosis confirmed 40 cases out of 48. Conclusion: Radiological diagnoses of the lesions mostly match with their pathological diagnosis unless their characteristics are changed due to infection. CBCT, as a technique enabling detailed imaging of the involved dental structures, is a helpful instrument for differential diagnosis.

Objective: To review the technological development, working principles, clinical applications, and advantages of intraoral scanners in dentistry. Material and Methods: Intraoral scanner technologies were comparatively evaluated in terms of hardware components (light sources, optical sensors), software features (open/closed systems, AI integration), and leading market manufacturers. Results: Intraoral scanners increase patient comfort, save time, and enable real-time visualization of digital models compared to conventional impression methods. AI-powered software (automatic margin detection, caries diagnosis) is progressively enhancing diagnostic capabilities. Main disadvantages include high cost, learning curve, and technical challenges in moist environments. Discussion: Scanners facilitate digital workflows in orthodontics, prosthodontics, and implant planning. However, device selection depends on the practice's primary use and budget. Conclusion: Advancements in AI technologies will strengthen the role of intraoral scanners in modern dentistry by enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficiency. Amaç: Diş hekimliğinde ağız içi tarayıcıların teknolojik gelişimini, çalışma prensiplerini, klinik uygulamalarını ve avantajlarını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ağız içi tarayıcı teknolojileri, donanım bileşenleri (ışık kaynakları, optik sensörler), yazılım özellikleri (açık/kapalı sistemler, yapay zeka entegrasyonu) ve piyasadaki öncü firmalar açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Ağız içi tarayıcılar, geleneksel ölçü yöntemlerine kıyasla hasta konforunu artırmakta, zaman tasarrufu sağlamakta ve dijital modellerin anlık görüntülenmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Yapay zeka destekli yazılımlar (otomatik bitiş çizgisi tespiti, çürük teşhisi) tanısal yetenekleri giderek artırmaktadır. Başlıca dezavantajlar yüksek maliyet, öğrenme eğrisi ve nemli ortamlarda karşılaşılan teknik zorluklardır. Tartışma: Tarayıcılar, ortodonti, protetik diş tedavisi ve implant planlamasında dijital iş akışını kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ancak cihaz seçimi, kliniğin öncelikli kullanım amacına ve bütçesine bağlıdır. Sonuç: Yapay zeka teknolojilerindeki ilerlemeler, ağız içi tarayıcıların tanısal doğruluğunu ve tedavi verimliliğini artırarak modern diş hekimliğindeki rolünü güçlendirecektir.

Objectives: This single-blinded ex vivo diagnostic accuracy study evaluated high-frequency ultrasonography for detecting nondisplaced dentoalveolar fractures and assessed the effect of simulated post-traumatic soft-tissue edema. Methods: Eighteen fresh sheep heads provided 108 anatomically distinct sites (54 fractured and 54 non-fractured controls). Two blinded oral and maxillofacial radiologists independently assessed each site, yielding 216 observer-level evaluations. Cone-beam tomography (CBCT) served as the reference standard. Edema was simulated by submucosal injection of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mL sterile saline. Results: Simulated edema was associated with significantly lower odds of correct ultrasonographic classification in the GEE analysis accounting for within-site clustering (OR = 0.217; 95% CI, 0.096–0.491; p < 0.001). Accuracy decreased from 87.0% to 59.3%, sensitivity from 96.3% to 77.8%, and specificity from 77.8% to 40.7%. False-negative and false-positive rates increased from 3.7% to 22.2% and from 22.2% to 59.3%, respectively. Observer confidence also decreased significantly (3.53 ± 0.90 vs. 2.61 ± 0.86; p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences in diagnostic accuracy were detected among the three edema-volume groups. Conclusions: Simulated soft-tissue edema substantially impairs ultrasonographic detection of nondisplaced dentoalveolar fractures. These experimental findings suggest that negative ultrasonographic findings obtained in the presence of soft-tissue swelling should be interpreted cautiously, with complementary imaging considered when clinically indicated.

This article aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of panoramic radiomorphometric indices in detecting mandibular cortical bone loss in renal osteodystrophy patients as a follow-up investigation to prior research. A retrospective case–control imaging study was conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines. Panoramic radiographs of 11 patients with renal osteodystrophy (mean age: 30.3 ± 5.5 years) and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (mean age: 30.6 ± 5.5 years) were analyzed. Cortical thickness was measured bilaterally at three standardized mandibular sites: gonion region (gonial index [GI]), mental foramen region (mental index [MI]), and molar region (mandibular molar index [MMI]) using the MicroDicom imaging software. Intra-rater reliability was assessed via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Statistical analysis included Welch's t-tests, Cohen's d effect sizes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. All three panoramic indices demonstrated significant reductions in osteodystrophy patients compared to controls (p < 0.01). The GI showed the most pronounced decrease (mean difference: –1.90 mm, 95% CI: –2.15 to –1.65 mm, Cohen's d = 5.87), exceeding reductions in MI (–2.22 mm, d = 1.28) and MMI (–1.85 mm, d = 1.40). Intra-rater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.905, 95% CI: 0.792–0.958). ROC analysis for GI showed perfect discrimination (AUC = 1.00), with an optimal cutoff >1.27 mm yielding 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. No significant correlation was observed between mandibular indices and dialysis duration in this small cohort. Panoramic radiographic indices, particularly the GI, are sensitive markers for mandibular cortical bone loss in renal osteodystrophy. In settings where only panoramic radiographs are available—owing to their low cost and wide availability—these measurements may serve as a practical, noninvasive adjunct for detecting skeletal manifestations of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder. Prospective validation in larger, multicenter cohorts is required before clinical translation.

Objectives: To compare fracture detection rates and observer confidence between a high-frequency hockey-stick transducer and a conventional linear transducer for detecting non-displaced dentoalveolar fractures in a paired ex vivo model. Materials and Methods: This paired ex vivo study included 88 experimentally created non-displaced dentoalveolar fracture sites in fresh ovine specimens. Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists independently evaluated all sites with both a 12L3 conventional linear transducer (10–15 MHz) and an 18H5 hockey-stick transducer (10–18 MHz), with transducer order randomized. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) confirmed fracture status. Within-observer paired fracture-detection outcomes were compared using the exact McNemar test, and a cluster-adjusted generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis accounted for repeated assessments and clustering within ovine heads. Observer confidence was compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Observer 1 detected 76/88 fracture sites (86.4%) with the hockey-stick transducer and 64/88 (72.7%) with the conventional linear transducer (p = 0.004). Observer 2 detected 74/88 sites (84.1%) and 62/88 (70.5%), respectively (p < 0.001). In the cluster-adjusted GEE analysis, the hockey-stick transducer was associated with higher odds of fracture detection (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.84–2.86; p < 0.001). For both observers, confidence scores were higher with the hockey-stick transducer (median [IQR], 4 [3–4] vs. 3 [2–3]; both p < 0.001), with Cohen’s dz values of 0.849 and 0.791, respectively. In a separate pre-study calibration set, interobserver agreement was 95% (κ = 0.828; 95% CI, 0.503–1.000). Conclusions: In this ex vivo model, the hockey-stick transducer achieved consistently higher fracture-detection rates across both observers and greater observer confidence than the conventional linear transducer. The observed differences may reflect the combined technical and ergonomic characteristics of the two transducers rather than probe geometry alone. Prospective clinical studies including both fractured and non-fractured sites are required before conclusions regarding diagnostic accuracy or clinical superiority can be established.