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A 3-week feeding trial in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design was conducted with three concentrations (0, 0.5, and 5 mg/kg) of T-2 toxin (T-2) and two levels (0% and 0.5%) of green tea powder (GTP) supplements used in the diets of female brown Tsaiya ducklings (BTDs) and Kaiya ducklings (KDs), respectively. Breed had a significant effect on the growth performances and the relative weights of organs and carcass. In general, the growth performances of KDs were better than BTDs. The relative weights of organs and carcass of BTDs were typically heavier than those of KDs; however, the breast of KDs was heavier than those of BTDs. Both ducklings received 5 mg/kg of T-2 blended in the diet showed lower feed intake and body weight gain (BWG) in the second and the third week. The diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 and 0.5% GTP improved the BWG compared to those fed the diet supplemented with 5 mg/kg of T-2 without GTP in BTDs. Ducklings fed the diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 induced hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, as well as decreased concentrations of creatine phosphokinase and alkaline phosphatase. The concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) were increased in KDs and BTDs fed the diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 without GTP, respectively. However, duckling diets containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 with 0.5% GTP lowered concentrations of BUN and GOT in the blood plasma of KDs and BTDs, respectively. The diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 increased the relative kidney weight but decreased the relative breast weight of ducklings. Enlarged gizzards and reduced relative leg weights were observed in BTDs fed the diets containing 5 mg/kg of T-2. In summary, BTDs are more sensitive than KDs in responding to T-2 toxicity and GTP detoxification. Green tea powder has detoxification ability and could potentially mitigate T-2 toxicity on BWG, BUN, and GOT in ducklings.
Ko-Hua Tso; Chompunut Lumsangkul; Min-Chien Cheng; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang. Differential Effects of Green Tea Powders on the Protection of Brown Tsaiya and Kaiya Ducklings against Trichothecene T-2 Toxin Toxicity. Animals 2021, 11, 2541 .
AMA StyleKo-Hua Tso, Chompunut Lumsangkul, Min-Chien Cheng, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Yang-Kwang Fan, Hsin-I Chiang. Differential Effects of Green Tea Powders on the Protection of Brown Tsaiya and Kaiya Ducklings against Trichothecene T-2 Toxin Toxicity. Animals. 2021; 11 (9):2541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKo-Hua Tso; Chompunut Lumsangkul; Min-Chien Cheng; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang. 2021. "Differential Effects of Green Tea Powders on the Protection of Brown Tsaiya and Kaiya Ducklings against Trichothecene T-2 Toxin Toxicity." Animals 11, no. 9: 2541.
Little is known about the degradability of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) by the spent mushroom substrate (SMS)-derived manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) and its potential. The present study investigated the growth inhibition of Fusarium graminearum KR1 and the degradation of DON by MnP and LiP extracted from SMS. The results from the 7-day treatment period showed that mycelium inhibition of F. graminearum KR1 by MnP and LiP were 23.7% and 74.7%, respectively. Deoxynivalenol production in the mycelium of F. graminearum KR1 was undetectable after treatment with 50 U/mL of MnP or LiP for 7 days. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) content and chitinase activity both increased in the hyphae of F. graminearum KR1 after treatment with MnP and LiP for 1, 3, and 6 h, respectively. At 12 h, only the LiP-treated group had higher chitinase activity and GlcNAc content than those of the control group (p < 0.05). However, more than 60% of DON degradabilities (0.5 mg/kg, 1 h) were observed under various pH values (2.5, 4.5, and 6.5) in both MnP (50 U/g) and LiP (50 U/g) groups, while DON degradability at 1 mg/kg was 85.5% after 50 U/g of LiP treatment for 7 h in simulated pig gastrointestinal tracts. Similarly, DON degradability at 5 mg/kg was 67.1% after LiP treatment for 4.5 h in simulated poultry gastrointestinal tracts. The present study demonstrated that SMS-extracted peroxidases, particularly LiP, could effectively degrade DON and inhibit the mycelium growth of F. graminearum KR1.
Ko-Hua Tso; Chompunut Lumsangkul; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang. The Potential of Peroxidases Extracted from the Spent Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) Substrate Significantly Degrade Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol. Toxins 2021, 13, 72 .
AMA StyleKo-Hua Tso, Chompunut Lumsangkul, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Yang-Kwang Fan, Hsin-I Chiang. The Potential of Peroxidases Extracted from the Spent Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) Substrate Significantly Degrade Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol. Toxins. 2021; 13 (1):72.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKo-Hua Tso; Chompunut Lumsangkul; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang. 2021. "The Potential of Peroxidases Extracted from the Spent Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) Substrate Significantly Degrade Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol." Toxins 13, no. 1: 72.
This study aimed to investigate ultrastructural changes of growing porcine oocytes and in vitro maturated oocytes. Light microscopy was used to characterize and localize the primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles. During oocyte growth and maturation, the morphology of mitochondria was roundish or ovoid in shape depending on the differentiation state, whereas their mean diameters oscillated between 0.5 and 0.7 µm, respectively, from primary and secondary follicles. Hooded mitochondria were found in the growing oocytes of the tertiary follicles. In addition to the pleomorphism of mitochondria, changes in the appearance of lipid droplets were also observed, along with the alignment of a single layer of cortical granules beneath the oolemma. In conclusion, our study is apparently the first report to portray morphological alterations of mitochondria that possess the hooded structure during the growth phase of porcine oocytes. The spatiotemporal and intrinsic changes during oogenesis/folliculogenesis are phenomena at the ultrastructural or subcellular level of porcine oocytes, highlighting an in-depth understanding of oocyte biology and impetus for future studies on practical mitochondrion replacement therapies for oocytes.
Michel Kere; Pan-Chen Liu; Yuh-Kun Chen; Pei-Chi Chao; Li-Kuang Tsai; Ting-Yu Yeh; Chawalit Siriboon; Payungsuk Intawicha; Neng-Wen Lo; Hsing-I Chiang; Yang-Kwang Fan; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Ultrastructural Characterization of Porcine Growing and In Vitro Matured Oocytes. Animals 2020, 10, 664 .
AMA StyleMichel Kere, Pan-Chen Liu, Yuh-Kun Chen, Pei-Chi Chao, Li-Kuang Tsai, Ting-Yu Yeh, Chawalit Siriboon, Payungsuk Intawicha, Neng-Wen Lo, Hsing-I Chiang, Yang-Kwang Fan, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Ultrastructural Characterization of Porcine Growing and In Vitro Matured Oocytes. Animals. 2020; 10 (4):664.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichel Kere; Pan-Chen Liu; Yuh-Kun Chen; Pei-Chi Chao; Li-Kuang Tsai; Ting-Yu Yeh; Chawalit Siriboon; Payungsuk Intawicha; Neng-Wen Lo; Hsing-I Chiang; Yang-Kwang Fan; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2020. "Ultrastructural Characterization of Porcine Growing and In Vitro Matured Oocytes." Animals 10, no. 4: 664.
Mycotoxin removers include enzymes and adsorbents that may be used in animal feeds to eliminate the toxic effects of mycotoxins. This study aimed to determine the removability of two different types of mycotoxin removers, adsorbents and enzyme degradation reagents (EDRs), in the simulated gastrointestinal conditions of pigs and poultry. Seven commercial mycotoxin removers, including five EDRs and two adsorbents, were tested in vitro. In this study, the supplemented dosages of mycotoxin removers used in pig and poultry feeds were the commercial recommendation ranging from 0.05% to 0.2%. For pigs, the in vitro gastric and small intestinal simulations were performed by immersing the mycotoxin-tainted feed in artificial gastric juice (AGJ) at pH 2.5 for 5 h or in artificial intestinal juice (AIJ) at pH 6.5 for 2 h to mimick in vivo conditions. For poultry, mycotoxin-tainted feeds were immersed in AGJ for 2 h at pH 4.5 and 0.5 h at pH of 2.5, respectively, to simulate crop/glandular stomach and gizzard conditions; the small intestinal simulation was in AIJ for 2 h at pH 6.5. For the pig, EDRs and adsorbents had deoxynivalenol (DON) removability (1 mg/kg) of 56% to 100% and 15% to 19%, respectively. Under the concentration of 0.5 mg/kg, the zearalenone (ZEN) removability by EDRs and adsorbents was 65% to 100% and 0% to 36%, respectively. For the simulation in poultry, the removability of DON by EDRs and adsorbents (5 mg/kg) was 56% to 79% and 1% to 36%, respectively; for the concentration of 0.5 mg/kg, the removability of ZEN by EDRs and adsorbents was 38% to 69% and 7% to 9%, respectively. These results suggest that EDRs are more effective in reducing DON and ZEN contamination compared to the adsorbent methods in the simulated gastrointestinal tracts of pig and poultry. The recoveries of DON and ZEN of pig in vitro gastrointestinal simulations were higher than 86.4% and 84.7%, respectively, with 88.8% and 85.9%, respectively, in poultry. These results demonstrated the stability and accuracy of our mycotoxin extraction process and in vitro simulation efficiency.
Ko-Hua Tso; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang; Tso; Ju; Fan. Enzyme Degradation Reagents Effectively Remove Mycotoxins Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone from Pig and Poultry Artificial Digestive Juices. Toxins 2019, 11, 599 .
AMA StyleKo-Hua Tso, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Yang-Kwang Fan, Hsin-I Chiang, Tso, Ju, Fan. Enzyme Degradation Reagents Effectively Remove Mycotoxins Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone from Pig and Poultry Artificial Digestive Juices. Toxins. 2019; 11 (10):599.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKo-Hua Tso; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Yang-Kwang Fan; Hsin-I Chiang; Tso; Ju; Fan. 2019. "Enzyme Degradation Reagents Effectively Remove Mycotoxins Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone from Pig and Poultry Artificial Digestive Juices." Toxins 11, no. 10: 599.
The mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) p38, a member of the MAPK subfamily, is conserved in all mammalian cells and plays important roles in response to various physiologic cues, including mitogens and heat shock. In the present study, MAPK p38 protein expression in porcine oocytes was analyzed during in vitro maturation (IVM) by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The levels of p-p38 or activated p38 and p38 expression were at the lowest in the germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocyte, gradually rising at the germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and then reaching a plateau throughout the IVM culture (p < 0.05). Similarly, the expression level of total p38 was also lower in the GV oocyte than in the oocyte of other meiotic stages and uprising after GVBD and remained high until the metaphase III (MII) stage (p < 0.05). In the GV stage, phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) was initially detectable in the ooplasm and subsequently became clear around the nucleus and localized in the ooplasm at GVBD (18 h post-culture). During the metaphase I (MI) and metaphase II (MII) stages, p-p38 was evenly distributed throughout the ooplasm after IVM for 30 or 42 h. We found that the subcellular localization increased in p-p38 expression throughout oocyte maturation (p < 0.05) and that dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton, including microfilaments and microtubules, was progressively changed during the course of meiotic maturation which was likely to be associated with the activation or networking of p38 with other proteins in supporting oocyte development. In conclusion, the alteration of p38 activation is essential for the regulation of porcine oocyte maturation, accompanied by the progressive reorganization and redistribution of the cytoskeleton and MAPK p38, respectively, in the ooplasm.
Payungsuk Intawicha; Li-Kuang Tsai; Shih-Ying Yen; Neng-Wen Lo; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Nucleus, Cytoskeleton, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 Dynamics during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes. Animals 2019, 9, 163 .
AMA StylePayungsuk Intawicha, Li-Kuang Tsai, Shih-Ying Yen, Neng-Wen Lo, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Nucleus, Cytoskeleton, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 Dynamics during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes. Animals. 2019; 9 (4):163.
Chicago/Turabian StylePayungsuk Intawicha; Li-Kuang Tsai; Shih-Ying Yen; Neng-Wen Lo; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2019. "Nucleus, Cytoskeleton, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 Dynamics during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes." Animals 9, no. 4: 163.
A teratogenic agent or teratogen can disturb the development of an embryo or a fetus. Fumonisin B1 (FB1), produced by Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum, is among the most commonly seen mycotoxins and contaminants from stale maize and other farm products. It may cause physical or functional defects in embryos or fetuses, if the pregnant animal is exposed to mycotoxin FB1. Due to its high similarity in chemical structure with lipid sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So), the primary component of sphingolipids, FB1 plays a role in competitively inhibiting Sa and So, which are key enzymes in de novo ceramide synthase in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, it causes growth retardation and developmental abnormalities to the embryos of hamsters, rats, mice, and chickens. Moreover, maternal FB1 toxicity can be passed onto the embryo or fetus, leading to mortality. FB1 also disrupts folate metabolism via the high-affinity folate transporter that can then result in folate insufficiency. The deficiencies are closely linked to incidences of neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice or humans. The purpose of this review is to understand the toxicity and mechanisms of mycotoxin FB1 on the development of embryos or fetuses.
Chompunut Lumsangkul; Hsin-I Chiang; Neng-Wen Lo; Yang-Kwang Fan; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview. Toxins 2019, 11, 114 .
AMA StyleChompunut Lumsangkul, Hsin-I Chiang, Neng-Wen Lo, Yang-Kwang Fan, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview. Toxins. 2019; 11 (2):114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChompunut Lumsangkul; Hsin-I Chiang; Neng-Wen Lo; Yang-Kwang Fan; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2019. "Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview." Toxins 11, no. 2: 114.
The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been investigated for treating cancers and many other diseases as well as enhancing the reprogramming efficiency in cloned embryos for decades. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two novel HDAC inhibitors, i.e., HDACi-14 and -79, at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, or 4 μM on the development of embryos cloned by the oocyte bisection cloning technique (OBCT). Blastocyst rates for the reconstructed embryos reached 60% in the 2 μM HDACi-14-treated groups, which was higher (P < 0.05) compared to the untreated group (36.9%). Similarly, HDACi-79 treatment at 2 and 4 μM also conferred higher (P < 0.05) blastocyst rates than that of the untreated group (79.4, 74.2, and 50.0%, respectively). Both HDACi-14 and -79 treatments had no beneficial effect on total cell numbers and apoptotic indices of cloned embryos (P > 0.05). Histone acetylation profile by both HDACi-14 (2 μM) and -79 (2 μM) treatments demonstrated a drastic increase (P < 0.05) mainly in two-cell stage embryos when compared to the control group. After seeding on the feeder cells, the aggregated cloned blastocysts produced by the HDACi-79 treatment showed a significant increase of primary outgrowths compared to the control group (60.0% vs. 42.9%; P < 0.05). Finally, the cloned embryo-derived ES cell lines from aggregated cloned embryos produced from the HDACi-79-treated, HDACi-14-treated and control groups were established (5, 3, and 2 lines, respectively). In conclusion, the novel histone deacetylation inhibitors improve blastocyst formation and potentially increase the derivation efficiency of ES cell lines from the cloned porcine embryos produced in vitro. Depending on the purposes, some fine-tuning may be required to maximize its beneficial effects of these newly synthesized chemicals.
Chawalit Siriboon; Tzai-Shiuan Li; Chao-Wu Yu; Ji-Wang Chern; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and embryo aggregation enhance cloned embryo development and ES cell derivation in pigs. PLOS ONE 2018, 13, e0204588 .
AMA StyleChawalit Siriboon, Tzai-Shiuan Li, Chao-Wu Yu, Ji-Wang Chern, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and embryo aggregation enhance cloned embryo development and ES cell derivation in pigs. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13 (9):e0204588.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChawalit Siriboon; Tzai-Shiuan Li; Chao-Wu Yu; Ji-Wang Chern; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2018. "Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and embryo aggregation enhance cloned embryo development and ES cell derivation in pigs." PLOS ONE 13, no. 9: e0204588.
Avian embryos are among the most convenient and the primary representatives for the study of classical embryology. It is well-known that the hatching time of duck embryos is approximately one week longer than that of chicken embryos. However, the key features associated with the slower embryonic development in ducks have not been adequately described. This study aimed to characterize the pattern and the speed of early embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks (BTD) compared with those in Taiwan Country Chicken (TCC) by using growth parameters including embryonic crown-tail length (ECTL), primitive streak formation, somitogenesis, and other development-related parameters, during the first 72 h of incubation. Three hundred and sixty eggs from BTD and TCC, respectively, were incubated at 37.2°C, and were then dissected hourly to evaluate their developmental stages. We found that morphological changes of TCC embryos shared a major similarity with that of the Hamburger and Hamilton staging system during early chick embryogenesis. The initial primitive streak in TCC emerged between 6 and 7 h post-incubation, but its emergence was delayed until 10 to 13 h post-incubation in BTD. Similarly, the limb primordia (wing and limb buds) were observed at 51 h post-incubation in TCC embryos compared to 64 h post-incubation in BTD embryos. The allantois first appeared around 65 to 68 h in TCC embryos, but it was not observed in BTD embryos. At the 72 h post-incubation, 40 somites were clearly formed in TCC embryos while only 32 somites in BTD embryos. Overall, the BTD embryos developed approximately 16 h slower than the chicken embryo during the first 72 h of development. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to describe two distinct developmental time courses between TCC and BTD, which would facilitate future embryogenesis-related studies of the two important avian species in Taiwan.
Chompunut Lumsangkul; Yang-Kwang Fan; Shen-Chang Chang; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Hsin-I. Chiang. Characterizing early embryonic development of Brown Tsaiya Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in comparison with Taiwan Country Chicken (Gallus gallus domestics). PLOS ONE 2018, 13, e0196973 .
AMA StyleChompunut Lumsangkul, Yang-Kwang Fan, Shen-Chang Chang, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Hsin-I. Chiang. Characterizing early embryonic development of Brown Tsaiya Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in comparison with Taiwan Country Chicken (Gallus gallus domestics). PLOS ONE. 2018; 13 (5):e0196973.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChompunut Lumsangkul; Yang-Kwang Fan; Shen-Chang Chang; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Hsin-I. Chiang. 2018. "Characterizing early embryonic development of Brown Tsaiya Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in comparison with Taiwan Country Chicken (Gallus gallus domestics)." PLOS ONE 13, no. 5: e0196973.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Shh (Sonic Hedgehog) protein on caprine oocyte maturation, early embryo development, and developmental competence after embryo transfer of vitrified-thawed in vitro-produced embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) derived from abattoir were randomly allocated to the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium supplemented with 0 (Control), 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 μg mL−1 recombinant mouse Shh protein. After IVM, COCs were fertilized with frozen-thawed semen and the presumptive zygotes were cultured on goat oviduct epithelial monolayers in M199 medium for 9 days. Our results showed that supplementation of Shh (0.25 or 0.5 μg mL−1) enhanced oocyte maturation as compared with the control group (92.4% and 95.0% vs. 86.2%, P < 0.05), yet the effect could be reversed by the simultaneous addition of cyclopamine (an inhibitor of Shh signaling by direct binding to the essential signal transducer Smo). Subsequently, an improved blastocyst rate (66.3 ± 10.9, P < 0.05) was observed for the embryos derived from the oocytes matured in the presence of 0.5 μg mL−1 Shh compared with the control group (41.4 ± 12.9). Expressions of Shh, SMO and Gli1 were observed in the ovaries, granulosa cells, COCs, cumulus cells, oocytes and oviduct epithelia. Notably, Ptch1 was expressed in nearly all of the aforementioned tissues and cells except cumulus cells. The embryos exhibited a higher survival rates in the Shh-supplemented group (37.5%) compared to those without Shh supplementation (14.8%; P < 0.05) after embryo transfer. This study demonstrated the beneficial effects of Shh supplementation on oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a functional existence of Shh signaling during the final stage of folliculogenesis and early embryogenesis in caprine
De-Chi Wang; Jan-Chi Huang; Neng-Wen Lo; Lih-Ren Chen; Pascal Mermillod; Wen-Lung Ma; Hsin-I. Chiang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Sonic Hedgehog promotes in vitro oocyte maturation and term development of embryos in Taiwan native goats. Theriogenology 2017, 103, 52 -58.
AMA StyleDe-Chi Wang, Jan-Chi Huang, Neng-Wen Lo, Lih-Ren Chen, Pascal Mermillod, Wen-Lung Ma, Hsin-I. Chiang, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Sonic Hedgehog promotes in vitro oocyte maturation and term development of embryos in Taiwan native goats. Theriogenology. 2017; 103 ():52-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDe-Chi Wang; Jan-Chi Huang; Neng-Wen Lo; Lih-Ren Chen; Pascal Mermillod; Wen-Lung Ma; Hsin-I. Chiang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2017. "Sonic Hedgehog promotes in vitro oocyte maturation and term development of embryos in Taiwan native goats." Theriogenology 103, no. : 52-58.
We previously demonstrated that the cellular thermotolerance of cloned cattle produced by combination of ooplasm (o) derived from Taiwan native yellow cattle (Y) and the donor (d) nucleus derived from Holstein (H) cattle (Yo-Hd) transmits to their offspring (Yo-Hd-F1). In the present study, the responses of mitochondria in these cloned cattle and their offspring after heat shock were investigated to elucidate influence of cytoplasmic input (i.e., ooplasm) during the course of heat stress. After heat shock, oxidative phosphorylation proteins (Complex III and IV) of ear fibroblast cells with Y-originated cytoplasm (including Y, Yo-Hd, and Yo-Hd-F1 cattle) were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of ear fibroblast cells with H-originated cytoplasm (including H, Ho-Hd, and Ho-Hd-F1 cattle). However, the expressions of Complex I and Complex II protein in heat shocked cells derived from Yo-Hd-F1 cattle were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of cell derived from cattle with the H-cytoplasm. The catalase (CAT) expression in heat shocked ear fibroblast cells derived from Yo-Hd and Yo-Hd-F1 cattle were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of cells derived from Ho-Hd-F1 cattle. However, the level of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression was higher (P < 0.05) in ear fibroblast cells with Y-originated cytoplasm compared to cells with H-originated cytoplasm. In conclusion, the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and antioxidant enzymes after heat shock was increased in ear fibroblast cells from cattle with Y-originated cytoplasm, which can be transmitted to their offspring.
Piyawit Kesorn; Perng-Chih Shen; Hung-Yi Wu; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Shyh-Shyan Liu; Hsi-Hsun Wu; Jai-Wei Lee; Shao-Yu Peng. Effects of cytoplasts from Taiwan native yellow cattle on the cellular antioxidant ability of cloned Holstein cattle and their offspring. Theriogenology 2017, 103, 76 -82.
AMA StylePiyawit Kesorn, Perng-Chih Shen, Hung-Yi Wu, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Hsi-Hsun Wu, Jai-Wei Lee, Shao-Yu Peng. Effects of cytoplasts from Taiwan native yellow cattle on the cellular antioxidant ability of cloned Holstein cattle and their offspring. Theriogenology. 2017; 103 ():76-82.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiyawit Kesorn; Perng-Chih Shen; Hung-Yi Wu; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Shyh-Shyan Liu; Hsi-Hsun Wu; Jai-Wei Lee; Shao-Yu Peng. 2017. "Effects of cytoplasts from Taiwan native yellow cattle on the cellular antioxidant ability of cloned Holstein cattle and their offspring." Theriogenology 103, no. : 76-82.
We have previously demonstrated that the somatic cells from cattle cloned with Holstein (H) donor cells and Taiwan native yellow cattle (Y) ooplasm (Yo-Hd) had better thermotolerance than those from cattle cloned with both Holstein donor cells and ooplasm (Ho-Hd). The present study aimed to investigate whether the cellular thermotolerance of these cloned cattle is transmissible to their offspring (Ho-Hd-F1 and Yo-Hd-F1). Thermotolerance of ear fibroblasts derived from these cloned cattle and their offspring were analyzed. Polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop of ear fibroblasts derived from Yo-Hd and Yo-Hd-F1 indicated that the cytoplasm is originated from Bos indicus (Y). After heat shock, the apoptotic rates, B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma 2 ratios, and relative expression levels of cysteine-aspartic proteases (caspases)-3, -8, and -9 of ear fibroblasts with Y-originated cytoplasm (including Y, Yo-Hd, and Yo-Hd-F1) were lower (P < 0.05) than those of ear fibroblasts with H-originated cytoplasm (including H, Ho-Hd, and Ho-Hd-F1). In contrast, the relative level of HSP-70 was higher (P < 0.05) in ear fibroblasts with Y-originated cytoplasm than that of with H-originated cytoplasm. Based on our results, thermotolerance of ear fibroblasts derived from Yo-Hd and Yo-Hd-F1 cattle is better and can be transmitted, at least at the cellular level, to their offspring.
Piyawit Kesorn; Jai-Wei Lee; Hung-Yi Wu; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Shao-Yu Peng; Shyh-Shyan Liu; Hsi-Hsun Wu; Perng-Chih Shen. Cellular thermotolerance is inheritable from Holstein cattle cloned with ooplasts of Taiwan native yellow cattle. Theriogenology 2017, 88, 244 -253.
AMA StylePiyawit Kesorn, Jai-Wei Lee, Hung-Yi Wu, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Shao-Yu Peng, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Hsi-Hsun Wu, Perng-Chih Shen. Cellular thermotolerance is inheritable from Holstein cattle cloned with ooplasts of Taiwan native yellow cattle. Theriogenology. 2017; 88 ():244-253.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiyawit Kesorn; Jai-Wei Lee; Hung-Yi Wu; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Shao-Yu Peng; Shyh-Shyan Liu; Hsi-Hsun Wu; Perng-Chih Shen. 2017. "Cellular thermotolerance is inheritable from Holstein cattle cloned with ooplasts of Taiwan native yellow cattle." Theriogenology 88, no. : 244-253.
Min-Chien Cheng; Hsin-I. Chiang; Jiunn-Wang Liao; Che-Ming Hung; Ming-Yang Tsai; Yu-Hsin Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Mei-Ping Cheng; Ko-Hua Tso; Yang-Kwang Fan. Nonylphenol reduces sperm viability and fertility of mature male breeders in Brown Tsaiya ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos ). Animal Reproduction Science 2016, 174, 114 -122.
AMA StyleMin-Chien Cheng, Hsin-I. Chiang, Jiunn-Wang Liao, Che-Ming Hung, Ming-Yang Tsai, Yu-Hsin Chen, Jyh-Cherng Ju, Mei-Ping Cheng, Ko-Hua Tso, Yang-Kwang Fan. Nonylphenol reduces sperm viability and fertility of mature male breeders in Brown Tsaiya ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos ). Animal Reproduction Science. 2016; 174 ():114-122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin-Chien Cheng; Hsin-I. Chiang; Jiunn-Wang Liao; Che-Ming Hung; Ming-Yang Tsai; Yu-Hsin Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju; Mei-Ping Cheng; Ko-Hua Tso; Yang-Kwang Fan. 2016. "Nonylphenol reduces sperm viability and fertility of mature male breeders in Brown Tsaiya ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos )." Animal Reproduction Science 174, no. : 114-122.
The present study aimed to establish embryonic stem (ES) cell lines, i.e., ntES cells, using rabbit blastocyst stage embryos cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer. First, we investigated the development of cloned rabbit embryos reconstructed with normal fibroblasts and fibroblasts transfected with enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP). Blastocyst rates were 27.4% and 23.9%, respectively, for the embryos reconstructed with normal fibroblasts and fibroblasts transfected with eGFP compared with that from the parthenogenetic group (43.1%). One ntES cell line was established from embryos reconstructed with eGFP-transfected fibroblasts (1 of 17, 5.9%), and three ntES cell lines were derived from those with normal fibroblasts (3 of 17, 17.6%). All the ntES cell lines retained alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed ES cell-specific markers SSEA-4, Oct-4, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81. The pluripotency was further confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses of Oct-4, Nanog, and Sox-2 expressions in ntES cell lines. The differentiation capacity of ntES cells was also examined in vitro and in vivo, by which these ntES cell lines were able to differentiate into all three germ layers through embryoid bodies and teratomas. In conclusion, it is apparent that the efficiency of ntES cells derived using eGFP-transfected donor cells is lower than that with nontransfected, normal fibroblasts donor cells. Similar to those from parthenogenetic embryos, all ntES cell lines derived from cloned rabbit embryos are able to express pluripotency markers and retain their capability to differentiate into various cell lineages both in vitro and in vivo.
Payungsuk Intawicha; Chawalit Siriboon; Chien-Hong Chen; Yung-Tsung Chiu; Tzu-An Lin; Michel Kere; Neng-Wen Lo; Kun-Hsiung Lee; Li-Yung Chang; Hsing-I. Chiang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Derivation and characterization of putative embryonic stem cells from cloned rabbit embryos. Theriogenology 2016, 86, 1799 -1810.
AMA StylePayungsuk Intawicha, Chawalit Siriboon, Chien-Hong Chen, Yung-Tsung Chiu, Tzu-An Lin, Michel Kere, Neng-Wen Lo, Kun-Hsiung Lee, Li-Yung Chang, Hsing-I. Chiang, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Derivation and characterization of putative embryonic stem cells from cloned rabbit embryos. Theriogenology. 2016; 86 (7):1799-1810.
Chicago/Turabian StylePayungsuk Intawicha; Chawalit Siriboon; Chien-Hong Chen; Yung-Tsung Chiu; Tzu-An Lin; Michel Kere; Neng-Wen Lo; Kun-Hsiung Lee; Li-Yung Chang; Hsing-I. Chiang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2016. "Derivation and characterization of putative embryonic stem cells from cloned rabbit embryos." Theriogenology 86, no. 7: 1799-1810.
Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) on establishment and maintenance of rabbit embryonic stem cell (rESC) lines were assessed. When grown on MEF feeders, rESC lines derived from fertilized embryos were established and maintained in medium containing paracrine factors LIF (via STAT3) and/or FGF2 (via MEK-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT). However, high levels of ERK1/2 and AKT activities in rESCs were crucial for maintaining their undifferentiated proliferation. Although rESCs under the influence of either LIF (500, 1,000, and 2,000 U/ml) or FGF2 (5, 10, and 20 ng/ml) alone had enhanced expression of pluripotency markers, peak expression occurred when both LIF (1,000 U/ml) and FGF2 (10 ng/ml) were applied. Induced dephosphorylation of STAT3, ERK1/2, and AKT by specific inhibitors limited growth of rESCs and caused remarkable losses of self-renewal capacity; therefore, we inferred that STAT3, ERK, and AKT had essential roles in maintaining rESC proliferation and self-renewal. We concluded that LIF and FGF2 jointly maintained the undifferentiated state and self-renewal of rESCs through an integrative signaling module.
Neng-Wen Lo; Payungsuk Intawicha; Yung-Tsung Chiu; Kun-Hsiung Lee; Hsi-Chi Lu; Chien-Hong Chen; Yong-Hsuan Chang; Chun-Da Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Critically and Mutually Sustain Pluripotency of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Transplantation 2015, 24, 319 -338.
AMA StyleNeng-Wen Lo, Payungsuk Intawicha, Yung-Tsung Chiu, Kun-Hsiung Lee, Hsi-Chi Lu, Chien-Hong Chen, Yong-Hsuan Chang, Chun-Da Chen, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Critically and Mutually Sustain Pluripotency of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Transplantation. 2015; 24 (3):319-338.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeng-Wen Lo; Payungsuk Intawicha; Yung-Tsung Chiu; Kun-Hsiung Lee; Hsi-Chi Lu; Chien-Hong Chen; Yong-Hsuan Chang; Chun-Da Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2015. "Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Critically and Mutually Sustain Pluripotency of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells." Cell Transplantation 24, no. 3: 319-338.
Vascular endothelial growth factor is a multipotent angiogenic factor implicated in cell survival and proliferation. The objective was to determine effects of exogenous recombinant human VEGFA (or VEGFA165) in culture media on porcine oocyte maturation and parthenote development. Adding 5 ng/mL VEGFA to the culture medium improved the maturation rate of denuded oocytes (P < 0.05), although 5, 50, or 500 ng/mL did not significantly affect nuclear maturation of oocytes. Parthenotes from oocytes cultured either in in vitro maturation or in vitro culture medium supplemented with 5 or 50 ng/mL VEGFA had an improved blastocyst rate and increased total numbers of cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, those treated with 5 ng/mL of VEGFA had a higher hatched blastocyst rate (average of 121 cells per blastocyst). All VEGFA-treated oocytes had reduced apoptotic indices (P < 0.05), except for those with a higher dose (500 ng/mL) of VEGFA which had more apoptotic cells (P < 0.05). Adding 5 ng/mL VEGFA to oocytes during the last 22 h of in vitro maturation improved (P < 0.05) blastocyst rates and total numbers of cells, with reduced apoptosis indices similar to that of long-term (44 h) culture. Furthermore, Axitinib (VEGFR inhibitor) reversed the effects of VEGFA on parthenote development (P < 0.05). Follicular fluids from medium (2-6 mm) to large (>6 mm) follicles contained 5.3 and 7.0 ng/mL vascular endothelial growth factor protein, respectively, higher (P < 0.05) than concentrations in small (<2 mm) follicles (0.4 ng/mL). Also, VEGFA and its receptor (VEGFR-2) were detected (immunohistochemistry) in growing follicles and developing blastocysts. In addition, VEGFA inhibited caspase-3 activation in matured oocytes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this is apparently the first report that VEGFA has proliferative and cytoprotective roles in maturing porcine oocytes and parthenotes. Furthermore, an optimal VEGFA concentration promoted porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent development.
M. Kéré; C. Siriboon; J.W. Liao; N.W. Lo; H.I. Chiang; Y.K. Fan; J.P. Kastelic; J.C. Ju. Vascular endothelial growth factor A improves quality of matured porcine oocytes and developing parthenotes. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 2014, 49, 60 -69.
AMA StyleM. Kéré, C. Siriboon, J.W. Liao, N.W. Lo, H.I. Chiang, Y.K. Fan, J.P. Kastelic, J.C. Ju. Vascular endothelial growth factor A improves quality of matured porcine oocytes and developing parthenotes. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 2014; 49 ():60-69.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Kéré; C. Siriboon; J.W. Liao; N.W. Lo; H.I. Chiang; Y.K. Fan; J.P. Kastelic; J.C. Ju. 2014. "Vascular endothelial growth factor A improves quality of matured porcine oocytes and developing parthenotes." Domestic Animal Endocrinology 49, no. : 60-69.
In this study, we determined the expression and activation of p38 MAPK in matured porcine oocytes subjected to heat shock (HS). When MII oocytes were heated, only the phosphorylated p38 levels relative to the total p38 levels decreased (P < 0.01) after HS, but no clear relationship with HS treatments was observed in the ERK, JNK and p90(rsk) expressions of matured oocytes. To confirm p38 activation in matured oocytes, immunocytochemical staining was performed to localize its expression and distribution in the ooplasm, and the results were largely consistent with previous Western blot analyses. Moreover, when matured oocytes were co-cultured with a P38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, for 4 h at 41.5 C, the activation of its immediate downstream substrate MAPKAPK-2 was not inhibited within any of the treatment groups. It appears that the MAPKAPK2 levels increased only under prolonged culture (HS4h and C4h) compared with the control group. In conclusion, p38 activity in porcine oocytes was decreased after exposure to HS and prolonged culture. These alterations of p38 and activation of MAPKAPK2 may be associated with porcine oocyte viability under HS conditions, and a potential cross-talk between p38 MAPK and other signaling cascades may exist, which warrants additional investigation.
Shih-Ying Yen; Jung-Kai Tseng; Show-Mei Chuang; Shuen-Ei Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Expression and Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in Matured Porcine Oocytes under Thermal Stress. Journal of Reproduction and Development 2014, 60, 388 -394.
AMA StyleShih-Ying Yen, Jung-Kai Tseng, Show-Mei Chuang, Shuen-Ei Chen, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Expression and Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in Matured Porcine Oocytes under Thermal Stress. Journal of Reproduction and Development. 2014; 60 (5):388-394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShih-Ying Yen; Jung-Kai Tseng; Show-Mei Chuang; Shuen-Ei Chen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2014. "Expression and Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in Matured Porcine Oocytes under Thermal Stress." Journal of Reproduction and Development 60, no. 5: 388-394.
The aim of the present study was to improve the quality of handmade cloned porcine embryos by multiple embryo aggregations. Embryos derived from aggregation of three cloned embryos (3×) had a better blastocyst rate than cloned control (1×) embryos (73.6% vs 35.1%, respectively; P < 0.05), but did not differ from those produced by aggregation of two cloned embryos (2×; 63.0%). Total cell numbers differed among treatments (P < 0.05), with the greatest cell numbers (126) in the 3× group and the lowest (55) in the control group. The ratio of inner cell mass : total cell number was comparable in the 2× and 3× groups (25.1% vs 26.1%, respectively) and was significantly better than that in the control group (15.3%). The proportion of apoptotic cells in 2× and 3× groups was lower than that in the control group (2.7% and 2.2% vs 4.7%, respectively; P < 0.05). Expression of Oct4 and Cdx2 was higher, whereas that of Bax was lower (P < 0.05), in the 3× compared with non-aggregate group. Seven piglets were born to two surrogate mothers after embryo transfer of 3× aggregated blastocysts. In conclusion, aggregated embryos had greater total cell numbers and better pluripotency gene expression, with reduced expression of the pro-apoptosis gene Bax. Collectively, these improvement may be associated with the development of cloned embryos to term.
Chawalit Siriboon; Ching-Fu Tu; Michel Kere; Ming-Sing Liu; Hui-Jung Chang; Lin-Lin Ho; Miao-En Tai; Wen-Der Fang; Neng-Wen Lo; Jung-Kai Tseng; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Production of viable cloned miniature pigs by aggregation of handmade cloned embryos at the 4-cell stage. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 2014, 26, 395 -406.
AMA StyleChawalit Siriboon, Ching-Fu Tu, Michel Kere, Ming-Sing Liu, Hui-Jung Chang, Lin-Lin Ho, Miao-En Tai, Wen-Der Fang, Neng-Wen Lo, Jung-Kai Tseng, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Production of viable cloned miniature pigs by aggregation of handmade cloned embryos at the 4-cell stage. Reproduction, Fertility and Development. 2014; 26 (3):395-406.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChawalit Siriboon; Ching-Fu Tu; Michel Kere; Ming-Sing Liu; Hui-Jung Chang; Lin-Lin Ho; Miao-En Tai; Wen-Der Fang; Neng-Wen Lo; Jung-Kai Tseng; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2014. "Production of viable cloned miniature pigs by aggregation of handmade cloned embryos at the 4-cell stage." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 26, no. 3: 395-406.
Rabbit embryonic stem (rES) cells can be derived from various sources of embryos. However, understanding of the gene expression profile, which distincts embryonic stem (ES) cells from other cell types, is still extremely limited. In this study, we compared the protein profiles of three independent lines of rabbit cells, i.e., fibroblasts, fertilized embryo-derived stem (f-rES) cells, and parthenote-derived ES (p-rES) cells. Proteomic analyses were performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. Collectively, the expression levels of 100 out of 284 protein spots differed significantly among these three cell types (p<0.05). Of those differentially expressed spots, 91% were identified in the protein database and represented 63 distinct proteins. Proteins with known identities are mainly localized in the cytoplasmic compartments (48%), nucleus (14%), and cytoskeletal machineries (13%). These proteins were majorly involved in biological functions of energy and metabolic pathways (25%), cell growth and maintenance (25%), signal transduction (14%), and protein metabolisms (10%). When protein expression levels among cell types were compared, six proteins associated with a variety of cellular activities, including structural constituents of the cytoskeleton (tubulins), structural molecule (KRT8), catalytic molecules (α-enolase), receptor complex scaffold (14-3-3 protein sigma), microfilament motor proteins (Myosin-9), and heat shock protein (HSP60), were found highly expressed in p-rES cells. Two proteins related to HSP activity and structural constituent of cytoskeleton in f-rES cells, and one structural molecule activity protein in fibroblasts showed significantly higher expression levels (p<0.05). Marker protein expressions in f-rES and p-rES cells were further confirmed by Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining. This study demonstrated unique proteomic profiles of the three rabbit cell types and revealed some novel proteins differentially expressed between f-rES and p-rES cells. These analyses provide insights into rES cell biology and would invite more in-depth studies toward rES cell applications.
Payungsuk Intawicha; Shih-Han Wang; Ya-Chen Hsieh; Neng-Wen Lo; Kun-Hsiung Lee; San-Yuan Huang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Proteomic Profiling of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells Derived from Parthenotes and Fertilized Embryos. PLOS ONE 2013, 8, e67772 .
AMA StylePayungsuk Intawicha, Shih-Han Wang, Ya-Chen Hsieh, Neng-Wen Lo, Kun-Hsiung Lee, San-Yuan Huang, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Proteomic Profiling of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells Derived from Parthenotes and Fertilized Embryos. PLOS ONE. 2013; 8 (7):e67772.
Chicago/Turabian StylePayungsuk Intawicha; Shih-Han Wang; Ya-Chen Hsieh; Neng-Wen Lo; Kun-Hsiung Lee; San-Yuan Huang; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2013. "Proteomic Profiling of Rabbit Embryonic Stem Cells Derived from Parthenotes and Fertilized Embryos." PLOS ONE 8, no. 7: e67772.
To date, the most successful and popular vitrification method is based on the minimum volume cooling (MVC) concept, in which embryos are vitrified in a very small volume of vitrification solution (VS) and then stored in cryotubes in liquid nitrogen (LN₂). Unfortunately, these methods need special devices and may not be suitable for vitrifying a large number of embryos. Theoretically, more embryos in VS on a paper (MVC concept) in cryotubes can be vitrified effectively. Therefore, this study directly vitrifies mouse embryos on a Kimwipes tissue in an 1.8 mL cryotube. The ICR 2-celled to blastocyst embryos were used for testing this procedure. In Treatment 1, embryos transferred with 1-2 μL of VS into a cryotube. Treatment 2 was similar to Treatment 1 except that the cryotube was filled with LN₂. Treatment 3 was identical to Treatment 1 except that a small piece (5 mm²) of a sterilized Kimwipes tissue was placed on the top of VS. Treatment 4 was identical to Treatment 3 except for the cryotube being filled with LN₂. After each treatment, the cryotubes were capped and transferred to a LN₂ tank. After warming, the recovered embryos were cultured in KSOM+AA for 1-3 days. There were no differences in the recovery rate, overnight survival rate, blastocyst rate, and birth rate after embryo transfer among all treatment groups. Our results demonstrated an alternative simple, efficient, and mass reproducible method for vitrifying mouse embryos using papers as a vehicle and cryotubes as a container.
Kun-Hsiung Lee; Jung-Ching Sun; Chin-Kai Chuang; Shyh-Forng Guo; Ching-Fu Tu; Jyh-Cherng Ju. An efficient and mass reproducible method for vitrifying mouse embryos on a paper in cryotubes. Cryobiology 2013, 66, 311 -317.
AMA StyleKun-Hsiung Lee, Jung-Ching Sun, Chin-Kai Chuang, Shyh-Forng Guo, Ching-Fu Tu, Jyh-Cherng Ju. An efficient and mass reproducible method for vitrifying mouse embryos on a paper in cryotubes. Cryobiology. 2013; 66 (3):311-317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKun-Hsiung Lee; Jung-Ching Sun; Chin-Kai Chuang; Shyh-Forng Guo; Ching-Fu Tu; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2013. "An efficient and mass reproducible method for vitrifying mouse embryos on a paper in cryotubes." Cryobiology 66, no. 3: 311-317.
In this study, a dose-response assessment was performed to understand the relation between supplementation of media with L-ascorbic acid or vitamin C and porcine oocyte maturation and the in vitro development of parthenotes (PA) and handmade cloned (HMC) embryos. Various concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 µg/ml) of vitamin C supplemented in in vitro maturation (IVM) and culture (IVC) media were tested. None of these vitamin C additions affected nuclear maturation of oocytes, yet supplementation at 50 µg/ml led to significantly increased intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS). When cultured in IVM- and/or IVC-supplemented media, the group supplemented with 50 µg/ml of vitamin C showed improved cleavage rates, blastocyst rates and total cell numbers per blastocyst (P<0.05) compared with other groups (control, 25 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml). In contrast, supplementation with 50 µg/ml vitamin C decreased (P<0.05) the apoptosis index as compared with the groups supplemented with 100 µg/ml. In addition, even with a lower blastocyst rate to start with (37.6 vs. 50.3%, P<0.05), supplementation of HMC embryos with vitamin C ameliorated their blastocyst quality to the extent of PA embryos as indicated by their total cell numbers (61.2 vs. 59.1). Taken together, an optimized concentration of vitamin C supplementation in the medium not only improves blastocyst rates and total cell numbers but also reduces apoptotic indices, whereas overdosages compromise various aspects of the development of parthenotes and cloned porcine embryos.
Michel Kere; Chawalit Siriboon; Neng-Wen Lo; Ngoc Tan Nguyen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. Ascorbic Acid Improves the Developmental Competence of Porcine Oocytes After Parthenogenetic Activation and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transplantation. Journal of Reproduction and Development 2013, 59, 78 -84.
AMA StyleMichel Kere, Chawalit Siriboon, Neng-Wen Lo, Ngoc Tan Nguyen, Jyh-Cherng Ju. Ascorbic Acid Improves the Developmental Competence of Porcine Oocytes After Parthenogenetic Activation and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transplantation. Journal of Reproduction and Development. 2013; 59 (1):78-84.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichel Kere; Chawalit Siriboon; Neng-Wen Lo; Ngoc Tan Nguyen; Jyh-Cherng Ju. 2013. "Ascorbic Acid Improves the Developmental Competence of Porcine Oocytes After Parthenogenetic Activation and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transplantation." Journal of Reproduction and Development 59, no. 1: 78-84.