This paper introduces a new method for the simultaneous measurement of harmonic and supraharmonic distortion with improved robustness against amplitude and power frequency deviations. The proposed algorithm is based on wavelet analysis and it is designed to analyze a detect-all=true10 cycles measurement interval, something crucial when implementing methods to measure harmonic and supraharmonic content according to the IEC 61000-4-7 standard. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-based methods, instead, must analyze a fixed detect-all=true200 interval in order to avoid apparent shifts of the supraharmonic frequency components. The results of the experimental measurements presented in the paper show that the DFT-based methodology suggested in the IEC 61000-4-7 standard produces results affected by the value of the power frequency and amplitude while the proposed method, instead, is insensitive to them. This feature also removes the need of a previous high pass filtering stage, required for the IEC method. Moreover, the proposed method has the additional advantage of working on the same measurement interval to calculate both harmonics and supraharmonics, which reduces the complexity of data handling by avoiding multithreaded Data Acquisition (DAQ) operations.

The proliferation of nonlinear loads in both industrial and residential distribution grids leads to undesirable nonsinusoidal and fluctuating harmonic pollution on voltage and current waveforms. New analysis tools, such as wavelets, are being used to overcome the problems posed by the use of the Fourier transform when analyzing complex waveforms. Nevertheless, the selection of the wavelet basis must be done carefully to minimize spectral leakage due to the nonexact frequency discrimination. In this context, this paper proposes an objective method for comparing different wavelet families for the measurement of harmonic contents. This methodology is applicable for determining the best filter among the 53 preselected structures according to the following requirements: frequency selectivity, computational complexity, convolution results, and observed spectral leakage. With all these considerations, the Butterworth infinite-impulse response filter of order 29 was found to be the best wavelet decomposition structure to achieve an effective harmonic analysis up to the 50th order.

The purpose of the present paper is to evaluate the sensitivity of modern lighting technologies to different types of RVCs. In order to do that, 27 modern lamps—mainly LED—have been subjected to real RVCs and their response has been assessed. The detection of RVCs on the grid has been performed according to the IEC 61000-4-30 detection method, while the response of the lamps has been measured with a light flickermeter and characterized using the instantaneous flicker perception, as defined in IEC 61000-4-15. The obtained results show a high dispersion in the response of the modern lighting technologies and high values of flicker perception, although with a lower sensitivity than the incandescent lamp. The results led the authors to propose the definition of a new immunity test to be added to the lamp immunity protocol IEC TR-61547-1, to ensure that newly produced lamps cause limited irritation to grid users.

High-power inductive power transfer (IPT) systems for charging light and heavy electric vehicles pose safety concerns if they are installed in uncontrolled environments. Within the framework of the European Project EMPIR-16ENG08 MICEV, a wide experimental and numerical study was conducted to assess the exposure of the general public to IPT stray magnetic fields for two different exposure scenarios: (1) for an IPT model system derived from the SAE J2954 standard operating at 85 kHz for a light electric vehicle coupled with the model of a realistic car-body model; and (2) for an IPT model system with a maximum rated power of 50 kW at 27.8 kHz for a real minibus that was reproduced with some simplifications in two different 3D finite element method (FEM) simulation tools (Opera 3D and CST software). An ad hoc measurement survey was carried out at the minibus charging station to validate the simulations of the real bus station for both aligned and misaligned IPT coils. Based on this preliminary study, a safety factor was chosen to ensure a conservative dosimetric analysis with respect to the model approximations. As highlighted in this study, the vehicle-body serves as an efficient screen to reduce the magnetic field by at least three orders of magnitude close to the coils. By applying FEM, computed spatial distribution to the Sim4Life software, the exposure of three Virtual Population human anatomical phantoms (one adult, one child, and a newborn) was assessed. The three phantoms were placed in different postures and locations for both exposure scenarios. The basic restriction limits, established by the current guidelines, were never exceeded within the vehicles; however, the basic restrictions were exceeded when an adult crouched outside the minibus, i.e., near the coils, or when a newborn was placed in the same location. Borderline values were observed in the light car. In the case of the bus, limits coming from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) guidelines are never exceeded, while basic restrictions coming from the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines are exceeded up to 12% for an adult and up to 38% for a newborn. This paper presents novel dosimetric data generated in an IPT system for heavy vehicles and confirms some of the literature data on light vehicles.

The on-site assessment of the efficiency of a charging station is not a trivial process and is a topic of discussion for professionals. The efficiency of electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE), is an important parameter for both the user and the EVSE operator. This paper deals with a particular type of EVSE, using static wireless power transfer (WPT). This paper proposes a clear method to account for the parameters which can affect the correct determination of efficiency, such as in particular the accuracy of the meters and the effect of temperature. This work proposes a method to define the accuracy of the power and efficiency on-site assessment, and is aimed at clarifying that despite distorted waveforms at the charging stations, it is possible to reach a good accuracy in a wide temperature span (expanded uncertainty <0.5% between 5 °C and 40 °C). Analysis initiated from the measurement conditions and the actual waveforms recorded at two WPT EVSEs with differently rated power. This paper paves the way for the possibility of verifying class 0.5 m on-site, desirable for this type of application. The paper also clarifies that despite the evident presence of voltage and current ripple at the batteries, the weight of the ripple power on the total power is nevertheless lower than 0.1%. Finally, the paper highlights how, for the correct measurement of the ripple, it would be advisable to calibrate the instrumentation in DC and in AC, at a frequency double that of the working frequency of the EVSE coils.