For sustainability to be realized the automotive companies need to cascade down their strategies to all business functions, including maintenance. Maintenance objectives at the operational level shall be aligned with business strategies at the corporate level by defining key performance measures at each level. This paper developed the initial framework for measuring sustainable maintenance performance (SMP) where 15 measures at the corporate level, 20 measures at the tactical level and 43 measures at the functional level, are identified. In sequence, this paper established the importance level of these measures through a pilot survey in Malaysian automotive companies. The findings of this study are concluded by recommending all proposed measures as important. The total of lubricants consumption has been considered as the most crucial measure at the functional level, while learning and growth is the most vital perspective, and furthermore, social factor is becoming a more important in measuring SMP

The current developments in three-dimensional printing also referred as “additive manufacturing” have transformed the scenarios for modern manufacturing and engineering design processes which show greatest advantages for the fabrication of complex structures such as scaffold for tissue engineering. This review aims to introduce additive manufacturing techniques in tissue engineering, types of biomaterials used in scaffold fabrication, as well as in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Biomaterials and fabrication methods could critically affect the outcomes of scaffold mechanical properties, design architectures, and cell proliferations. In addition, an ideal scaffold aids the efficiency of cell proliferation and allows the movements of cell nutrient inside the human body with their specific material properties. This article provides comprehensive review that covers broad range of all the biomaterial types using various additive manufacturing technologies. The data were extracted from 2008 to 2018 mostly from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using keywords such as “Additive Manufacturing,” “3D Printing,” “Tissue Engineering,” “Biomaterial” and “Scaffold.” A 10 years research in this area was found to be mostly focused toward obtaining an ideal scaffold by investigating the fabrication strategies, biomaterials compatibility, scaffold design effectiveness through computer-aided design modeling, and optimum printing machine parameters identification. As a conclusion, this ideal scaffold fabrication can be obtained with the combination of different materials that could enhance the material properties which performed well in optimum additive manufacturing condition. Yet, there are still many challenges from the printing methods, bioprinting and cell culturing that needs to be discovered and investigated in the future.

This study explores the obstacles to electric vehicle (EV) adoption in Indonesia, focusing on technological, environmental, economic, and regulatory factors. Despite government initiatives, such as the Presidential Regulation 55 of 2019, intended to encourage the adoption of EVs and mitigate air pollution, the EV market share in Indonesia remains low, at 1.47%. The main challenges include inadequate charging infrastructure, limited public revenue, and financial constraints. This research highlights the need for improved government policies, incentives for producers, and increased public awareness to encourage EV adoption. Factors influencing consumer decisions include operational costs, environmental concerns, and the availability of charging stations. Key findings suggest that electric motorcycle users have a lower understanding of technology than electric car users, with particular attention to initial costs, maintenance costs, and the accessibility of charging infrastructure. This study recommends that manufacturers and policymakers consider the different preferences of electric car and motorcycle users in their EV adoption promotion strategies. The study seeks to elucidate the determinants affecting EV adoption in Indonesia and propose potential solutions to accelerate the transition to electric mobility.

A deep understanding of supply chain management (SCM) is key to a company’s ability to achieve and maintain competitive advantage. In order to leverage the full potential for shaping competitive performance that is presented by contemporary supply chain (SC) configurations, the congruence between SC strategy, business strategy and market requirements has to be firmly established. This paper presents the findings of a survey of 170 companies that was undertaken to examine the alignment of product and SC characteristics of companies operating in food SCs in the UK and Malaysia. The study provides an empirical, comparative analysis of Fisher’s (1997) two-dimensional, product-SC array within a single sector. The results indicate that functional food products are generally supported by SCs that possess lean characteristics uniformly across their tiers and place emphasis on price and quality. This conforms to Fisher’s (1997) theory. However, innovative food products are not uniformly supported by agile SCs. In general, innovative products were found to be supported by short, hybrid SCs where manufacturers have an efficient (analogous to functional) focus while downstream partners have an agile focus. In addition, the functional-lean relationship was commonly found in Malaysia with relatively few product-SC mismatches. A far greater proportion of product-SC mismatches were found in the UK.

In order to attain a useful balanced scorecard (BSC), appropriate performance perspectives and indicators are crucial to reflect all strategies of the organisation. The objectives of this survey were to give an insight regarding the situation of the BSC in the health sector over the past decade, and to afford a generic approach of the BSC development for health settings with specific focus on performance perspectives, performance indicators and BSC generation. After an extensive search based on publication date and research content, 29 articles published since 2002 were identified, categorised and analysed. Four critical attributes of each article were analysed, including BSC generation, performance perspectives, performance indicators and auxiliary tools. The results showed that ‘internal business process’ was the most notable BSC perspective as it was included in all reviewed articles. After investigating the literature, it was concluded that its comprehensiveness is the reason for the importance and high usage of this perspective. The findings showed that 12 cases out of 29 reviewed articles (41%) exceeded the maximum number of key performance indicators (KPI) suggested in a previous study. It was found that all 12 cases were large organisations with numerous departments (e.g. national health organisations). Such organisations require numerous KPI to cover all of their strategic objectives. It was recommended to utilise the cascaded BSC within such organisations to avoid complexity and difficulty in gathering, analysing and interpreting performance data. Meanwhile it requires more medical staff to contribute in BSC development, which will result in greater reliability of the BSC. What is known about the topic?: Although there was initially a low perception of the BSC within the health sector, over the past decade interest in BSC utilisation has been growing among health service providers around the world in both developed and developing countries. Some papers have described the development or diffusion of the BSC in health settings. Some examples of BSC utilisation for private and public hospitals have been presented in the literature. However, the necessity of a comprehensive review of published articles in the health area is crucial in order to derive the most appropriate way to design and implement the BSC in the health sector in terms of perspectives and KPI. What does this paper add?: This paper has analysed articles on the BSC in the health sector published over the last 10 years. The analysis is based on the following items: BSC generations; BSC perspectives; BSC indicators; auxiliary tools. This paper gives an insight into the situation of the BSC in the health sector over the past decade and affords a generic approach of BSC development for health settings in terms of the four items above. What are the implications for practitioners?: This paper can be beneficial for managers and decision makers of all healthcare organisations. It can help them to change their thinking about performance assessment and to have a structural BSC approach for performance measurement and strategic management in healthcare. It presents an insight on designing BSC to help managers adopt appropriate performance perspectives and KPI. In addition, it introduces the cascaded BSC, which is useful for large health settings with too many KPI. It also presents all BSC generations to help healthcare managers utilise proper BSC based on their own requirements and strategic objectives.

The increase in food demand in Indonesia is one of the consequences of the imbalance between population growth and declining food products. One of alternative technologies that can be used in plant breeding programs to increase agricultural production, in order to meet food demands, is genetically modified organism (GMO) technology. This technology presents a lot of pros and cons among the public-related impacts that will be accepted by consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of sustainability between GMO and non-GMO foods. The performance measurement model for GMO and non-GMO foods was considered according to the seven issues of sustainability that represented environmental, social, and economic aspects. The assessment method was conducted by using Adjusted Profit (AP) with Total Price Recovery (TPR) indicators and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) by utilizing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Method. Assessments made on each supply chain component included agriculture, processing, and transport to wholesalers/retailers. This study used numerical examples of rice production in Indonesia. The research results found that the performance of non-GMO rice chain is better than GMO rice. It indicates that non-GMO rice is more sustainable. The results show that the proposed model can be applied to measure the sustainability of GMO and Non-GMO agri-food supply chain performance.