This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
H.A. Khan
Department of Electrical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Review article
Published: 23 May 2021 in Journal of Energy Storage
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Due to the rapid expansion of electric vehicles and portable electronics, the demand for lithium-ion batteries is increasing, resulting in supply risks in obtaining lithium, cobalt, and other materials, as well as issues associated with spent battery disposal. The current battery recycling processes vary by specific battery chemistries and impact both economics and greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, there is a potential for spent lithium-ion batteries reuse for low-end energy storage applications. This paper discusses various methods of assessing the reuse versus recycling of lithium-ion batteries. Commercial recycling practices and capabilities and those recommended by different research centers around the world are reviewed. Further, the potential of various novel next-generation recycling processes to optimize recycling's economic and environmental benefits is evaluated for the broader utilization of lithium-ion battery recycling.

ACS Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan A. Khan; Michael G. Pecht. Circular economy of Li Batteries: Technologies and trends. Journal of Energy Storage 2021, 40, 102690 .

AMA Style

Hayder Ali, Hassan A. Khan, Michael G. Pecht. Circular economy of Li Batteries: Technologies and trends. Journal of Energy Storage. 2021; 40 ():102690.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan A. Khan; Michael G. Pecht. 2021. "Circular economy of Li Batteries: Technologies and trends." Journal of Energy Storage 40, no. : 102690.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Grid-connected rooftop and ground-mounted solar photovoltaics (PV) systems have gained attraction globally in recent years due to (a) reduced PV module prices, (b) maturing inverter technology, and (c) incentives through feed-in tariff (FiT) or net metering. The large penetration of grid-connected PVs coupled with nonlinear loads and bidirectional power flows impacts grid voltage levels and total harmonic distortion (THD) at the low-voltage (LV) distribution feeder. In this study, LV power quality issues with significant nonlinear loads were evaluated at the point of common coupling (PCC). Various cases of PV penetration (0 to 100%) were evaluated for practical feeder data in a weak grid environment and tested at the radial modified IEEE-34 bus system to evaluate total harmonic distortion in the current (THDi) and voltage (THDv) at PCC along with the seasonal variations. Results showed lower active, reactive, and apparent power losses of 1.9, 2.6, and 3.3%, respectively, with 50% solar PV penetration in the LV network as the voltage profile of the LV network was significantly improved compared to the base case of no solar. Further, with 50% PV penetration, THDi and THDv at PCC were noted as 10.2 and 5.2%, respectively, which is within the IEEE benchmarks at LV.

ACS Style

Syed Ahsan; Hassan Khan; Akhtar Hussain; Sarmad Tariq; Nauman Zaffar. Harmonic Analysis of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems with Nonlinear Household Loads in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3709 .

AMA Style

Syed Ahsan, Hassan Khan, Akhtar Hussain, Sarmad Tariq, Nauman Zaffar. Harmonic Analysis of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems with Nonlinear Household Loads in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ahsan; Hassan Khan; Akhtar Hussain; Sarmad Tariq; Nauman Zaffar. 2021. "Harmonic Analysis of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems with Nonlinear Household Loads in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3709.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2021 in Journal of Energy Storage
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) based batteries are commonly used in many applications such as electric vehicles, utility-scale storage, and consumer electronics. To maximize power utilization and optimize runtime voltage-current (V-I) characteristics, it is imperative to predict these batteries’ behavior for varying load profiles accurately. In this work, we first perform electrical modeling of two commonly used Li-ion cell chemistries, i.e., Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) and Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4), using the modified Shepherd equation. Secondly, we evaluate the operation of NMC based Li-ion chemistry's operation for a stationary uninterruptible power supply (UPS) application commonly used in developing countries to cater to utility grid intermittency. The evaluation of cells is done through the 2RC model to ascertain the V-I behavior of these cells in a much more frequent charge-discharge regime in UPSs compared to standard EV applications. A UPS system's real charge/discharge pattern is taken with an average daily outage of up to 6 hrs. Finally, a comparison between the life and cost of Li-ion intervention is made and compared to a conventionally used lead-acid battery, which dominates over 90% of stationery UPS markets in developing countries.

ACS Style

Muhammad U. Tahir; Muhammad Anees; Hassan A. Khan; Irfan Khan; Nauman Zaffar; Taha Moaz. Modeling and evaluation of nickel manganese cobalt based Li-ion storage for stationary applications. Journal of Energy Storage 2021, 36, 102346 .

AMA Style

Muhammad U. Tahir, Muhammad Anees, Hassan A. Khan, Irfan Khan, Nauman Zaffar, Taha Moaz. Modeling and evaluation of nickel manganese cobalt based Li-ion storage for stationary applications. Journal of Energy Storage. 2021; 36 ():102346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad U. Tahir; Muhammad Anees; Hassan A. Khan; Irfan Khan; Nauman Zaffar; Taha Moaz. 2021. "Modeling and evaluation of nickel manganese cobalt based Li-ion storage for stationary applications." Journal of Energy Storage 36, no. : 102346.

Research article
Published: 01 December 2020 in IET Power Electronics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this study, modelling, implementation, and control of a hybrid renewables-based, scalable DC microgrid using multi-input multi-output dual active half-bridge (DAHB) converter is presented. The proposed microgrid architecture exhibits superiority and enhanced functionality in comparison to the existing conventional architectures in terms of the reduced number of converters for each resource integration, modularity, scalability, and bidirectional power flow capability, and local maximum power point tracking for each renewable resource. The proposed architecture is significant in terms that only a single converter is responsible for the whole operation of the DC microgrid. A dual half active bridge acts as a central hub for power processing while multiple renewable energy resources can be integrated through isolated input and output ports. The proposed microgrid is analysed for power flow, and the control scheme for different voltage and power-sharing scenarios is designed. The proposed architecture of the microgrid is simulated on the Power-SIM simulator, and a simplified hardware prototype is implemented in the laboratory with satisfactory results.

ACS Style

Muhammad Anees; Mashood Nasir; Nauman Ahmad Zaffar; Hassan Abbas Khan; Juan C. Vasquez; Josep M. Guerrero. Scalable architecture of DC microgrid implemented with multi‐input multi‐output converter. IET Power Electronics 2020, 13, 4480 -4489.

AMA Style

Muhammad Anees, Mashood Nasir, Nauman Ahmad Zaffar, Hassan Abbas Khan, Juan C. Vasquez, Josep M. Guerrero. Scalable architecture of DC microgrid implemented with multi‐input multi‐output converter. IET Power Electronics. 2020; 13 (19):4480-4489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Anees; Mashood Nasir; Nauman Ahmad Zaffar; Hassan Abbas Khan; Juan C. Vasquez; Josep M. Guerrero. 2020. "Scalable architecture of DC microgrid implemented with multi‐input multi‐output converter." IET Power Electronics 13, no. 19: 4480-4489.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2020 in Processes
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Solar photovoltaic (PV) direct current (DC) microgrids have gained significant popularity during the last decade for low cost and sustainable rural electrification. Various system architectures have been practically deployed, however, their assessment concerning system sizing, losses, and operational efficiency is not readily available in the literature. Therefore, in this research work, a mathematical framework for the comparative analysis of various architectures of solar photovoltaic-based DC microgrids for rural applications is presented. The compared architectures mainly include (a) central generation and central storage architecture, (b) central generation and distributed storage architecture, (c) distributed generation and central storage architecture, and (d) distributed generation and distributed storage architecture. Each architecture is evaluated for losses, including distribution losses and power electronic conversion losses, for typical power delivery from source end to the load end in the custom village settings. Newton–Raphson method modified for DC power flow was used for distribution loss analysis, while power electronic converter loss modeling along with the Matlab curve-fitting tool was used for the evaluation of power electronic losses. Based upon the loss analysis, a framework for DC microgrid components (PV and battery) sizing was presented and also applied to the various architectures under consideration. The case study results show that distributed generation and distributed storage architecture with typical usage diversity of 40% is the most feasible architecture from both system sizing and operational cost perspectives and is 13% more efficient from central generation and central storage architecture for a typical village of 40 houses. The presented framework and the analysis results will be useful in selecting an optimal DC microgrid architecture for future rural electrification implementations.

ACS Style

Mashood Nasir; Saqib Iqbal; Hassan Khan; Juan Vasquez; Josep Guerrero. Sustainable Rural Electrification Through Solar PV DC Microgrids—An Architecture-Based Assessment. Processes 2020, 8, 1417 .

AMA Style

Mashood Nasir, Saqib Iqbal, Hassan Khan, Juan Vasquez, Josep Guerrero. Sustainable Rural Electrification Through Solar PV DC Microgrids—An Architecture-Based Assessment. Processes. 2020; 8 (11):1417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mashood Nasir; Saqib Iqbal; Hassan Khan; Juan Vasquez; Josep Guerrero. 2020. "Sustainable Rural Electrification Through Solar PV DC Microgrids—An Architecture-Based Assessment." Processes 8, no. 11: 1417.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2020 in Applied Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Storage coupled solar photovoltaic systems have gained traction in recent years due to a) advancements in battery storage technologies and b) decreasing system costs. The viability and optimum operation of these systems is typically studied for building(s) in isolation or with grid interactions. In this paper a grid-interactive photovoltaic-storage system in a multi building scenario with net-metering is evaluated. A simulation model is developed for an interconnected multi building environment with a primary building owning the photovoltaic-battery system. The optimization model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem and is solved in ILOG optimization studio with CPLEX solver. Multiple secondary buildings can procure power from the primary building based on suitable bilateral contracts. The applicability of the model is demonstrated through real-time load demand of three buildings along with actual time-of-use pricing data from the utility in the city of Auckland, New Zealand. The results provide an insight on the financial gains of installing rooftop photovoltaic-battery systems at buildings with power trading agreements under time-varying electricity tariffs. The detailed results from the model signify that primary building (with solar and storage) earns up to 43% of annual profits after incorporating installation costs of photovoltaic-battery system. Further, secondary buildings (without solar or storage) achieve 3–16% of savings in the electricity costs based on different contracted loads and agreement tariffs. This work can further enhance the utilization of solar energy resource via rooftop solar photovoltaic to help mitigate the per capita carbon dioxide emissions in countries with high dependency over fossil fuel for electricity generation.

ACS Style

Syed M. Ahsan; Hassan A. Khan; Naveed-Ul Hassan; Syed M. Arif; Tek-Tjing Lie. Optimized power dispatch for solar photovoltaic-storage system with multiple buildings in bilateral contracts. Applied Energy 2020, 273, 115253 .

AMA Style

Syed M. Ahsan, Hassan A. Khan, Naveed-Ul Hassan, Syed M. Arif, Tek-Tjing Lie. Optimized power dispatch for solar photovoltaic-storage system with multiple buildings in bilateral contracts. Applied Energy. 2020; 273 ():115253.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed M. Ahsan; Hassan A. Khan; Naveed-Ul Hassan; Syed M. Arif; Tek-Tjing Lie. 2020. "Optimized power dispatch for solar photovoltaic-storage system with multiple buildings in bilateral contracts." Applied Energy 273, no. : 115253.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2020 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Plug-in electric buses (PEBs) are a promising alternative to conventional buses to provide a sustainable, economical, and efficient mode of transportation. However, electrification of public transportation leads to a phenomenon of peak load that impacts the stability of low voltage (LV) feeders. In this context, the effective integration of an energy storage system (ESS) and photovoltaic (PV) in a bus depot charging ecosystem can lead to i) peak load reduction and ii) charging cost reduction with low carbon emission. Therefore, a limited PEB charge scheduling algorithm is proposed for: i) bus depot operator (BDO) profit maximization and ii) grid stability enhancement considering the constraints of PEB charging and grids. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for BDO profit maximization has been formulated and analyzed using IBM ILOG studio with CPLEX solver. Simulation has been performed for SkyBus electric fleet using real-world data such as actual bus arrival and departure schedules under diverse traffic, number of passengers, trip duration, daily load profile, solar radiation profile, and benchmark storage price. The charging impact of PEBs was tested on one of the distribution feeders in Auckland, New Zealand. The BDO generates revenue by performing energy trading among PV, ESS, PEBs, and buildings after incorporating capital investment, operation and maintenance, and depreciation costs.

ACS Style

Syed Muhammad Arif; Tek Tjing Lie; Boon Chong Seet; Syed Muhammad Ahsan; Hassan Abbas Khan. Plug-In Electric Bus Depot Charging with PV and ESS and Their Impact on LV Feeder. Energies 2020, 13, 2139 .

AMA Style

Syed Muhammad Arif, Tek Tjing Lie, Boon Chong Seet, Syed Muhammad Ahsan, Hassan Abbas Khan. Plug-In Electric Bus Depot Charging with PV and ESS and Their Impact on LV Feeder. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2139.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Muhammad Arif; Tek Tjing Lie; Boon Chong Seet; Syed Muhammad Ahsan; Hassan Abbas Khan. 2020. "Plug-In Electric Bus Depot Charging with PV and ESS and Their Impact on LV Feeder." Energies 13, no. 9: 2139.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2020 in IEEE Access
Reads 0
Downloads 0

A battery’s state of charge or runtime, and state of health or life, will depend on the product’s discharge current over time. For a mobile phone, the discharge current depends on the specific apps that are operated. This paper presents an experimental study to measure and evaluate the operational charge/discharge profile, temperature and terminal voltage of six Android apps; WhatsApp, Facebook, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok on smartphones. The results show how the discharge current required by an app’s operation, will affect the battery runtime and life, due to the combined effect of discharge current and temperature.

ACS Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Abbas Khan; Michael G. Pecht. Evaluation of Li-Based Battery Current, Voltage, and Temperature Profiles for In-Service Mobile Phones. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 73665 -73676.

AMA Style

Hayder Ali, Hassan Abbas Khan, Michael G. Pecht. Evaluation of Li-Based Battery Current, Voltage, and Temperature Profiles for In-Service Mobile Phones. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):73665-73676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Abbas Khan; Michael G. Pecht. 2020. "Evaluation of Li-Based Battery Current, Voltage, and Temperature Profiles for In-Service Mobile Phones." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 73665-73676.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2020 in Energy Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

DC networks for residential consumers have gained attraction in recent years, primarily due to building-integrated photovoltaics and increasing electronic loads coupled with the decreasing prices of DC appliances. Unlike AC (110V, 60Hz, or 220 V, 50Hz), the existing standards for DC distribution are disjoint, ranging from 48V to 380V with distribution voltage selection affecting the system efficiency. In this work, we formulate a framework to analyze the impact of various voltages on residential system losses incorporating both distribution losses and power electronic conversion losses. Subsequently, we evaluate the system efficiency for a typical DC home at 48 V, 220 V, and 380 V DC and compare it with the 220 V AC using the developed analytical framework as well as through simulation. Results show that for a medium scale solar integrated house, the DC system at 220 V and 380 V is 4% and 10% more efficient than the AC 220 V system, respectively. Further, for 48 V DC, the system efficiency is higher than 380 V DC for wire size AWG-6 and beyond. While the efficiency depends on several factors such as conductor size, voltage selection, loads connected, and the solar capacity, the framework presented is the key in the quantification of losses and selection of suitable system components for DC home.

ACS Style

Kiran Siraj; Hassan Abbas Khan. DC distribution for residential power networks—A framework to analyze the impact of voltage levels on energy efficiency. Energy Reports 2020, 6, 944 -951.

AMA Style

Kiran Siraj, Hassan Abbas Khan. DC distribution for residential power networks—A framework to analyze the impact of voltage levels on energy efficiency. Energy Reports. 2020; 6 ():944-951.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kiran Siraj; Hassan Abbas Khan. 2020. "DC distribution for residential power networks—A framework to analyze the impact of voltage levels on energy efficiency." Energy Reports 6, no. : 944-951.

Research article
Published: 10 March 2020 in International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Partial shading is a common occurrence in residential and commercial photovoltaic (PV) installations. It causes mismatch losses, particularly in string and central inverter‐based systems, leading to output power loss and in turn lower performance ratio under partial shading conditions. The choice of string configuration itself is critical in lowering mismatch losses and the levelized energy cost. While a range of commercial inverters with different string configurations and prices are available, many standard string topologies are not optimum for common settings under various shading scenarios. Therefore, in this article, we evaluate various string configurations attached to state‐of‐the‐art commercial inverters widely used in the industry from both mismatch loss and cost perspective. We quantify the impact of various shading scenarios on multiple inverter configurations to ascertain the relative performance of PV systems under symmetrical shading as well as random shading in field settings. For multiple PV system configurations (on a single rooftop), the mismatch loss varied up to 2.3% and 6% under symmetrical shading and field settings, respectively. The levelized cost of electricity also varies from 0.062$/kWh to 0.041$/kWh and is dependent on the type of inverter and string configurations.

ACS Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Khan. Analysis on inverter selection for domestic rooftop solar photovoltaic system deployment. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2020, 30, 1 .

AMA Style

Hayder Ali, Hassan Khan. Analysis on inverter selection for domestic rooftop solar photovoltaic system deployment. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems. 2020; 30 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Khan. 2020. "Analysis on inverter selection for domestic rooftop solar photovoltaic system deployment." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 30, no. 5: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 February 2020 in 2020 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) based batteries are now commonly used in many applications such as electric vehicles, utility-scale storage, and even consumer electronics. However, to maximize the power utilization and optimize runtime voltage-current (V-I) characteristics of these cells, it is imperative to accurately predict the behavior of these batteries for varying load profiles. In this work, we explicitly model Li-ion cells using the 2RC model implemented through the modified block in MATLAB/Simulink. The 2RC model parameters are extracted with a relaxation time of only six minutes. The model was tested (through measurements of six cells) for two Li-ion cell chemistries (NMC and LiFeP04) in three packages (18650, 32650, and 26650) and varying capacities (1500 mAh to 6000 mAh) with high accuracy. The root mean square error between experimental and modeled results ranges from 0.3 ‐ 0.7 % even with varying load profiles, which is key in the accurate performance modeling of these cells. This work will, therefore, be very useful in modeling Li-ion cells and battery pack for a wide variety of applications with diverse usage profiles.

ACS Style

Muhammad U. Tahir; Taha Moaz; Hassan Khan; Nauman A. Zaffar; Irfan Khan. Accurate Modeling of Li-ion Cells Applied to LiFePO4 and NMC Chemistries. 2020 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC) 2020, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Muhammad U. Tahir, Taha Moaz, Hassan Khan, Nauman A. Zaffar, Irfan Khan. Accurate Modeling of Li-ion Cells Applied to LiFePO4 and NMC Chemistries. 2020 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC). 2020; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad U. Tahir; Taha Moaz; Hassan Khan; Nauman A. Zaffar; Irfan Khan. 2020. "Accurate Modeling of Li-ion Cells Applied to LiFePO4 and NMC Chemistries." 2020 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC) , no. : 1-6.

Review
Published: 16 January 2020 in Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

A number of mathematical models are available to model the performance of solar modules under varying operating conditions. Most commonly recognized and used models include (a) the basic three-parameter model, (b) the five-parameter model, and (c) the seven-parameter model. The basic three-parameter model does not incorporate series and shunt resistance for IV curves. The five-parameter model incorporates the effect of series and shunt resistance, and the seven-parameter model further includes the additional effect of temperature and irradiance variation on solar cell parameters. While all these models reasonably predict IV profiles of solar modules at small variations from standard testing conditions (STCs), their performance in modeling the module performance at low irradiances and high temperatures is far from ideal. This work primarily reviews the accuracy of available models for various module technologies not only under STC conditions but also over a wide range of operating conditions. The accuracy of modeled results is quantified (with datasheet results) for 10 crystalline silicon (c-Si) based modules as well as 9 thin film module (TF) samples (commercial modules) at multiple irradiance conditions. The results show that the three-parameter model generally overestimates the power output both for c-Si and TF modules. The five-parameter model predicts TF technology more accurately compared to the other two available models, whereas the seven-parameter model is most accurate for c-Si module modeling under varying operations.A number of mathematical models are available to model the performance of solar modules under varying operating conditions. Most commonly recognized and used models include (a) the basic three-parameter model, (b) the five-parameter model, and (c) the seven-parameter model. The basic three-parameter model does not incorporate series and shunt resistance for IV curves. The five-parameter model incorporates the effect of series and shunt resistance, and the seven-parameter model further includes the additional effect of temperature and irradiance variation on solar cell parameters. While all these models reasonably predict IV profiles of solar modules at small variations from standard testing conditions (STCs), their performance in modeling the module performance at low irradiances and high temperatures is far from ideal. This work primarily reviews the accuracy of available models for various module technologies not only under STC conditions but also over a wide range of operating conditions. The accuracy ...

ACS Style

Mirza Qutab Baig; Hassan Abbas Khan; Syed Muhammad Ahsan. Evaluation of solar module equivalent models under real operating conditions—A review. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2020, 12, 012701 .

AMA Style

Mirza Qutab Baig, Hassan Abbas Khan, Syed Muhammad Ahsan. Evaluation of solar module equivalent models under real operating conditions—A review. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2020; 12 (1):012701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirza Qutab Baig; Hassan Abbas Khan; Syed Muhammad Ahsan. 2020. "Evaluation of solar module equivalent models under real operating conditions—A review." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 12, no. 1: 012701.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Renewable Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Grid-connected rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming very common in commercial as well as domestic settings due to a) lowering of PV system prices and b) increased emphasis on reducing CO2 emissions for electricity production. Polycrystalline-silicon (p-Si) modules are most commonly used for these PV systems due to mature technology and lower module costs. Newer thin-film module technologies such as amorphous Si (a-Si), Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) and Copper Indium Selenide (CIS) are also increasing their market share due to performance gains in high-temperature environments. This paper conducts a techno-economic analysis of p-Si and CIS systems under similar ratings and environmental settings (irradiance, temperature, rainfall, and dust). The case study simulates electricity production from two 42 kWp PV systems and compares the simulated results with one year measured data of the deployed systems at Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan. Results show that CIS is a better choice from performance ratio perspective as its annual energy production is higher than p-Si. However, p-Si has a better levelized cost of electricity which makes this technology a more viable commercial solution in Pakistan. Furthermore, the area required to implement the p-Si system is significantly lower than the CIS based systems making it more attractive for areas with space constraints. The insights developed in this work can aid PV designers in the optimized selection of a rooftop PV system technology.

ACS Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Abbas Khan. Techno-economic evaluation of two 42 kWp polycrystalline-Si and CIS thin-film based PV rooftop systems in Pakistan. Renewable Energy 2020, 152, 347 -357.

AMA Style

Hayder Ali, Hassan Abbas Khan. Techno-economic evaluation of two 42 kWp polycrystalline-Si and CIS thin-film based PV rooftop systems in Pakistan. Renewable Energy. 2020; 152 ():347-357.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Ali; Hassan Abbas Khan. 2020. "Techno-economic evaluation of two 42 kWp polycrystalline-Si and CIS thin-film based PV rooftop systems in Pakistan." Renewable Energy 152, no. : 347-357.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2019 in IEEE Access
Reads 0
Downloads 0

With recent steep decrement of Photovoltaic (PV) module prices, many utilities around the world are investing in large scale solar PV power plants to meet their energy needs. Countries with an ample amount of deserted areas tend to utilize it for the purpose of energy generation. This article reviews two equal power rated solar PV power plants with similar environmental conditions located next to each other with similar installed equipment but different output energy generation. Various factors affecting the generation of these technically similar power plants such as PV module tilt angle, inter row spacing, annual degradation effect, the negative temperature coefficient of power and other causes are explored evaluate the performance along with the assessment of reasons for deviation in the performance. The energy output trend and the percentage difference for each month for a complete year are graphed for analysis with and without considering the degradation effect to give a level playing field for both the PV plants under review. The efficient design of tilt angle, inter row spacing for the area of installation with the help of sun charts and shading occurrence diagram, is of utmost importance to maximize the energy yield. Any laxity in designing these parameters result in heavy financial losses to the investor which multiply over the life cycle of the project. Similarly, an improved and proper design can increase the energy output and have a positive impact on the financial savings of the investor which in this case is USD 0.85 million per annum.

ACS Style

Syed Faizan Ali Shah; Irfan A. Khan; Hassan Abbas Khan. Performance Evaluation of Two Similar 100MW Solar PV Plants Located in Environmentally Homogeneous Conditions. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 161697 -161707.

AMA Style

Syed Faizan Ali Shah, Irfan A. Khan, Hassan Abbas Khan. Performance Evaluation of Two Similar 100MW Solar PV Plants Located in Environmentally Homogeneous Conditions. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):161697-161707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Faizan Ali Shah; Irfan A. Khan; Hassan Abbas Khan. 2019. "Performance Evaluation of Two Similar 100MW Solar PV Plants Located in Environmentally Homogeneous Conditions." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 161697-161707.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2019 in 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Telecommunication towers for cell phone services contain Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). As the BTS systems require an uninterrupted supply of power, owing to their operational criticality, the demand for alternate power sources has increased in regions with unreliable and intermittent utility power. For the BTS that lie in the regions where power outages are unwarranted, alternate power sources need to be deployed to keep the BTS sites energized. To cater to this growing need, an optimization framework has been developed which optimizes the operational costs of various BTS power system configurations. In this paper, we present three such alternate frameworks for power supply to the BTS in case of a power failure; to supply uninterrupted and continuous power to the sites. In particular, our optimization framework consists of three power system configurations; utility grid with battery backup (configuration 1), utility grid with battery backup and diesel generator (configuration 2), and utility grid with battery backup and solar (configuration 3). These three configurations are then evaluated based on linear optimization by incorporating various system constraints. Upon the application of these configurations in a case study, the results demonstrated that configuration 2 can provide reliable power for up to 8 hours of grid outage per day and provides the best reliability amongst other configurations. But the downside of configuration 2 is its cost. Configuration 3 is economically viable and cost-effective but less reliable power system configuration due to the limited availability of solar PV power. The utility of configuration 3 may be an issue with large blackouts in cases of limited solar capacity. For our particular power source specifications and capacity (including battery specifications, load demand, diesel generator and Solar PV capacity) the findings suggested that for an eight-hour power outage, configuration 2 lumps up energy cost to $12.86 per day compared to the more economically viable configuration 1 and configuration 3, which costs up to $12.44 and $10.56 respectively.

ACS Style

Huzaifa Rauf; Hassan Khan; Naveed Arshad. Optimized Power System Planning for Base Transceiver Station (BTS) based on Minimized Power Consumption and Cost. 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) 2019, 773 -779.

AMA Style

Huzaifa Rauf, Hassan Khan, Naveed Arshad. Optimized Power System Planning for Base Transceiver Station (BTS) based on Minimized Power Consumption and Cost. 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). 2019; ():773-779.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huzaifa Rauf; Hassan Khan; Naveed Arshad. 2019. "Optimized Power System Planning for Base Transceiver Station (BTS) based on Minimized Power Consumption and Cost." 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) , no. : 773-779.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2019 in Solar Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Kamran Ali Khan Niazi; Wajahat Akhtar; Hassan Khan; Yongheng Yang; Shahrukh Athar. Hotspot diagnosis for solar photovoltaic modules using a Naive Bayes classifier. Solar Energy 2019, 190, 34 -43.

AMA Style

Kamran Ali Khan Niazi, Wajahat Akhtar, Hassan Khan, Yongheng Yang, Shahrukh Athar. Hotspot diagnosis for solar photovoltaic modules using a Naive Bayes classifier. Solar Energy. 2019; 190 ():34-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kamran Ali Khan Niazi; Wajahat Akhtar; Hassan Khan; Yongheng Yang; Shahrukh Athar. 2019. "Hotspot diagnosis for solar photovoltaic modules using a Naive Bayes classifier." Solar Energy 190, no. : 34-43.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2019 in 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Low-voltage, low-power subsistence level DC microgrids are becoming very popular in remote regions of many developing regions where the grid is either unavailable or largely intermittent. The primary reasons for high growth in this sector are a) lower upfront costs (as well as the levelized cost of electricity) compared to the utility grid and other alternatives b) higher reliability (where grid may be absent or intermittent) and c) limited power needs of rural occupants. However, optimal planning and sizing of various system components such as solar panels, storage, and distribution conductors are essential for minimizing the system upfront cost to enhance its utilization. In this work, we present a framework for optimal planning and design of these system based on a) region-specific irradiance and temperature, and b) charging and discharging constraints on storage and c) grid price and availability pattern. Results show that for an average 12 hours load shedding in a day, optimal battery size increases up to 30 percent and optimal PV size increases up to 15 percent for continuous grid outage.

ACS Style

Saqib Iqbal; Hassan Khan; Mashood Nasir. Sizing of Low-Power DC Microgrids with Intermittent AC Grids in Developing Regions. 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) 2019, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Saqib Iqbal, Hassan Khan, Mashood Nasir. Sizing of Low-Power DC Microgrids with Intermittent AC Grids in Developing Regions. 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). 2019; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saqib Iqbal; Hassan Khan; Mashood Nasir. 2019. "Sizing of Low-Power DC Microgrids with Intermittent AC Grids in Developing Regions." 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) , no. : 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2019 in International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Kiran Siraj; Muhammad Awais; Hassan Khan; Ahmad Zafar; Arif Hussain; Nauman A. Zaffar; Syed Husain Imran Jaffery. Optimal power dispatch in solar‐assisted uninterruptible power supply systems. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2019, 30, 1 .

AMA Style

Kiran Siraj, Muhammad Awais, Hassan Khan, Ahmad Zafar, Arif Hussain, Nauman A. Zaffar, Syed Husain Imran Jaffery. Optimal power dispatch in solar‐assisted uninterruptible power supply systems. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems. 2019; 30 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kiran Siraj; Muhammad Awais; Hassan Khan; Ahmad Zafar; Arif Hussain; Nauman A. Zaffar; Syed Husain Imran Jaffery. 2019. "Optimal power dispatch in solar‐assisted uninterruptible power supply systems." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 30, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in IET Smart Grid
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this study, a dual-loop control strategy is applied to a highly distributed architecture of photovoltaic/battery-based DC microgrid built through an interconnection of a cluster of multiple nanogrids. Typically, in these distributed architectures, resource sharing among the spatially distributed nanogrids is enabled via communication-based control methodologies, which adds cost and complexity to the overall system. Alternately, a communication-less and decentralised control methodology is proposed which utilises inner loop current control and outer loop voltage droop (V–I droop) control for the coordinated resource sharing among the distributed resources. The proposed control scheme adapts various modes based on the local measurements of bus voltage and battery state of charge, therefore, offers a distributed solution, omitting the need for centralised communication control. Various scenarios of power sharing among the contributing nanogrids are evaluated through the proposed multi-mode adaptive control. The efficacy of the proposed control scheme is validated through simulations on MATLAB/Simulink and laboratory scale hardware prototype. Results show that the proposed decentralised control strategy is capable to ensure stable and coordinated operation without any dedicated layer of communication among the dispersed generation/storage resources.

ACS Style

Mashood Nasir; Muhammad Anees; Hassan Abbas Khan; Josep M. Guerrero. Dual‐loop control strategy applied to the cluster of multiple nanogrids for rural electrification applications. IET Smart Grid 2019, 2, 327 -335.

AMA Style

Mashood Nasir, Muhammad Anees, Hassan Abbas Khan, Josep M. Guerrero. Dual‐loop control strategy applied to the cluster of multiple nanogrids for rural electrification applications. IET Smart Grid. 2019; 2 (3):327-335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mashood Nasir; Muhammad Anees; Hassan Abbas Khan; Josep M. Guerrero. 2019. "Dual‐loop control strategy applied to the cluster of multiple nanogrids for rural electrification applications." IET Smart Grid 2, no. 3: 327-335.

Research article
Published: 13 June 2019 in IET Renewable Power Generation
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The efficiency of solar panels declines from its rated (standard testing conditions) value under low irradiance which typically occurs in the mornings, evenings and on cloudy days. In this work, the authors evaluate cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film panels due to their increasing market share and assess their low irradiance performance in comparison with conventional crystalline-Silicon (c-Si) panels. The performance of both material systems is analysed for a 4-year period to evaluate their performance in terms of their relative change in efficiency and energy yield. Further analysis on a high-resolution 8-day measured data for winters and summers shows that CdTe panels provide ∼1.09% higher specific energy yield compared to c-Si panels. This primarily occurs due to higher CdTe bandgap and better spectral response at lower insolation levels resulting in an enhanced relative efficiency with respect to c-Si panels.

ACS Style

Syed M. Ahsan; Hassan A. Khan. Performance comparison of CdTe thin film modules with c‐Si modules under low irradiance. IET Renewable Power Generation 2019, 13, 1920 -1926.

AMA Style

Syed M. Ahsan, Hassan A. Khan. Performance comparison of CdTe thin film modules with c‐Si modules under low irradiance. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2019; 13 (11):1920-1926.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed M. Ahsan; Hassan A. Khan. 2019. "Performance comparison of CdTe thin film modules with c‐Si modules under low irradiance." IET Renewable Power Generation 13, no. 11: 1920-1926.