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Dr Evangelia Korakaki is a Researcher in the Laboratory of Tree Physiology of IMFE of Hellenic Agricultural Organization "DEMETER". She received her Master degree and her Ph.D. (2003, 2008) from University of Edinburgh in Tree Physiological Ecology. Her main interests are in studying forest responses to biotic and abiotic factors and environmental changes, emphasizing in drought effects in a climate change context and exploring the mechanisms of adaptation and evolution of forest ecosystems. In the past, she has worked at WWF – Greece as a Head of the Forest Department for 10 years (2008-2018), in the Institute of Forest Research and IMFE (HAO-DEMETER) and in the Forest Directorate of Athens. She is currently involved in two LIFE projects (LIFE GrIn, LIFE PRIMED), two Europeans (AdVEnt, JuniDrone) and four National projects (a. ICP forest - tree ecophysiological analysis and assessment of ozone effects on plant tissues, b. Greek emblematic action “The roads of bees” - assessment of apiary flora and climate change effects, c. Road map to certification of sustainable forest management– establishment of Greek forest certification system, d. Climate change adaptation of agroforestry & increase or its resilience to forest fires: Pilot application of prescribed burning to manage fuels and reduce the intensity of forest fires.
Urban green areas present a lucid example for the harmonious co-existence of the artificial and natural environments best illustrated by their interdependence and interconnection in urban spaces. Urban green areas are essential for the health and wellbeing of citizens. The present study aimed to investigate those multiple benefits for citizens that arise through the existence of urban green areas, as well as important policy dimensions that should be considered when designing the expansion of urban green spaces in urban development. The study was based on a literature review to examine for available evidence on the benefit levels derived by the existence of urban green areas. An extended literature review was followed by a structured review, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, which partly followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was conducted in two databases, and a total of 1674 articles and abstracts were identified through the database searches. After removing 114 duplicates, 1560 records were initially screened based on title and Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were incorporated in the structured review and a total of 47 in the extended review. The extended literature review identified 33 additional articles examining aspects of benefits that did not fall under the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria used in the structured review, such as health benefits and other social parameters associated with urban green spaces. The selected studies were allocated in five principal groups according to study types: three of the them consisted of studies employing “willingness to pay” (WTP) methods, five were based on property values, two studies assigned monetary values, while another two assigned CO2 values, and, finally, two studies were based on qualitative criteria. The results indicated benefits to citizens and increased welfare levels gained by the existence of urban green areas. The conducted review revealed a number of findings and recommendations that could direct future research and urban policy. Those hints could assist local authorities as well as stakeholders in order to measure and assess the benefits of green spaces and urban parks and promote measures and programs to assist their further deployment.
Antonios Kolimenakis; Alexandra Solomou; Nikolaos Proutsos; Evangelia Avramidou; Evangelia Korakaki; Georgios Karetsos; Georgios Maroulis; Eleftherios Papagiannis; Konstantinia Tsagkari. The Socioeconomic Welfare of Urban Green Areas and Parks; A Literature Review of Available Evidence. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7863 .
AMA StyleAntonios Kolimenakis, Alexandra Solomou, Nikolaos Proutsos, Evangelia Avramidou, Evangelia Korakaki, Georgios Karetsos, Georgios Maroulis, Eleftherios Papagiannis, Konstantinia Tsagkari. The Socioeconomic Welfare of Urban Green Areas and Parks; A Literature Review of Available Evidence. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7863.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonios Kolimenakis; Alexandra Solomou; Nikolaos Proutsos; Evangelia Avramidou; Evangelia Korakaki; Georgios Karetsos; Georgios Maroulis; Eleftherios Papagiannis; Konstantinia Tsagkari. 2021. "The Socioeconomic Welfare of Urban Green Areas and Parks; A Literature Review of Available Evidence." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7863.
Research Highlights: The radial gradient of sap flux density (Js) and the effects of climatic factors on sap flow of Aleppo pine were assessed at different time scales in an eastern Mediterranean ecosystem to improve our understanding of the species water balance. Background and Objectives: Aleppo pine’s sap flow radial profile and responses to environmental parameters in the eastern Mediterranean were, to our best knowledge, originating to date from more arid planted forests. Information from natural forests in this region was lacking. Our objectives were to (a) determine the species’ radial variability in Js on a diurnal and seasonal basis and under different climatic conditions, (b) scale up to tree sap flow taking into account the radial profile of Js and (c) determine the responses of Aleppo pine’s sap flow over the year to climatic variability. Materials and Methods: Js was monitored in Aleppo pine in a natural forest in northern Greece with Granier’s method using sensors at three sapwood depths (21, 51, and 81 mm) during two periods differing in climatic conditions, particularly in soil water availability. Results: Js was the highest at 21 mm sapwood depth, and it declined with increasing depth. A steeper gradient of Js in deep sapwood was observed under drier conditions. The same patterns of radial variability in Js were maintained throughout the year, but the contribution of inner sapwood to sap flow was the highest in autumn when the lower seasonal Js was recorded in both study periods. Not taking into account the radial gradient of Js in the studied Aleppo pine would result in a c. 20.2–27.7 % overestimation of total sap flow on a sapwood basis (Qs), irrespective of climatic conditions. On a diurnal and seasonal basis, VPD was the strongest determinant of sap flux density, while at a larger temporal scale, the effect of soil water content was evident. At SWC > 20% sap flow responded positively to increasing solar radiation and VPD, indicating the decisive role of water availability in the studied region. Moreover, in drier days with VPD > 0.7 KPa, SWC controlled the variation of sap flow. Conclusions: There is a considerable radial variability in Js of the studied Aleppo pine and a considerable fluctuation of sap flow with environmental dynamics that should be taken into account when addressing the species water balance.
Evangelia Korakaki; Mariangela N. Fotelli. Sap Flow in Aleppo Pine in Greece in Relation to Sapwood Radial Gradient, Temporal and Climatic Variability. Forests 2020, 12, 2 .
AMA StyleEvangelia Korakaki, Mariangela N. Fotelli. Sap Flow in Aleppo Pine in Greece in Relation to Sapwood Radial Gradient, Temporal and Climatic Variability. Forests. 2020; 12 (1):2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEvangelia Korakaki; Mariangela N. Fotelli. 2020. "Sap Flow in Aleppo Pine in Greece in Relation to Sapwood Radial Gradient, Temporal and Climatic Variability." Forests 12, no. 1: 2.
Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) is widespread in most countries of the Mediterranean area. In Greece, Aleppo pine forms natural stands of high economic and ecological importance. Understanding the species’ ecophysiological traits is important in our efforts to predict its responses to ongoing climate variability and change. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the seasonal dynamic in Aleppo pine gas exchange and water balance on the leaf and canopy levels in response to the intra-annual variability in the abiotic environment. Specifically, we assessed needle gas exchange, water potential and δ13C ratio, as well as tree sap flow and canopy conductance in adult trees of a mature near-coastal semi-arid Aleppo pine ecosystem, over two consecutive years differing in climatic conditions, the latter being less xerothermic. Maximum photosynthesis (Amax), stomatal conductance (gs), sap flow per unit leaf area (Ql), and canopy conductance (Gs) peaked in early spring, before the start of the summer season. During summer drought, the investigated parameters were negatively affected by the increasing potential evapotranspiration (PET) rate and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Aleppo pine displayed a water-saving, drought avoidance (isohydric) strategy via stomatal control in response to drought. The species benefited from periods of high available soil water, during the autumn and winter months, when other environmental factors were not limiting. Then, on the leaf level, air temperature had a significant effect on Amax, while on the canopy level, VPD and net radiation affected Ql. Our study demonstrates the plasticity of adult Aleppo pine in this forest ecosystem in response to the concurrent environmental conditions. These findings are important in our efforts to predict and forecast responses of the species to projected climate variability and change in the region.
Mariangela N. Fotelli; Evangelia Korakaki; Spyridon A. Paparrizos; Kalliopi Radoglou; Tala Awada; Andreas Matzarakis. Environmental Controls on the Seasonal Variation in Gas Exchange and Water Balance in a Near-Coastal Mediterranean Pinus halepensis Forest. Forests 2019, 10, 313 .
AMA StyleMariangela N. Fotelli, Evangelia Korakaki, Spyridon A. Paparrizos, Kalliopi Radoglou, Tala Awada, Andreas Matzarakis. Environmental Controls on the Seasonal Variation in Gas Exchange and Water Balance in a Near-Coastal Mediterranean Pinus halepensis Forest. Forests. 2019; 10 (4):313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariangela N. Fotelli; Evangelia Korakaki; Spyridon A. Paparrizos; Kalliopi Radoglou; Tala Awada; Andreas Matzarakis. 2019. "Environmental Controls on the Seasonal Variation in Gas Exchange and Water Balance in a Near-Coastal Mediterranean Pinus halepensis Forest." Forests 10, no. 4: 313.
Even though rare, mega-fires raging during very dry and windy conditions, record catastrophic impacts on infrastructure, the environment and human life, as well as extremely high suppression and rehabilitation costs. Apart from the direct consequences, mega-fires induce long-term effects in the geomorphological and hydrological processes, influencing environmental factors that in turn can affect the occurrence of other natural hazards, such as floods and mass movement phenomena. This work focuses on the forest fire of 2007 in Peloponnese, Greece that to date corresponds to the largest fire in the country's record that burnt 1773 km2, causing 78 fatalities and very significant damages in property and infrastructure. Specifically, this work examines the occurrence of flood and mass movement phenomena, before and after this mega-fire and analyses different influencing factors to investigate the degree to which the 2007 fire and/or other parameters have affected their frequency. Observational evidence based on several data sources collected during the period 1989–2016 show that the 2007 fire has contributed to an increase of average flood and mass movement events frequency by approximately 3.3 and 5.6 times respectively. Fire affected areas record a substantial increase in the occurrence of both phenomena, presenting a noticeably stronger increase compared to neighbouring areas that have not been affected. Examination of the monthly occurrence of events showed an increase even in months of the year were rainfall intensity presented decreasing trends. Although no major land use changes has been identified and chlorophyll is shown to recover 2 years after the fire incident, differences on the type of vegetation as tall forest has been substituted with lower vegetation are considered significant drivers for the observed increase in flood and mass movement frequency in the fire affected areas.
M. Diakakis; E.I. Nikolopoulos; S. Mavroulis; E. Vassilakis; E. Korakaki. Observational evidence on the effects of mega-fires on the frequency of hydrogeomorphic hazards. The case of the Peloponnese fires of 2007 in Greece. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 592, 262 -276.
AMA StyleM. Diakakis, E.I. Nikolopoulos, S. Mavroulis, E. Vassilakis, E. Korakaki. Observational evidence on the effects of mega-fires on the frequency of hydrogeomorphic hazards. The case of the Peloponnese fires of 2007 in Greece. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 592 ():262-276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Diakakis; E.I. Nikolopoulos; S. Mavroulis; E. Vassilakis; E. Korakaki. 2017. "Observational evidence on the effects of mega-fires on the frequency of hydrogeomorphic hazards. The case of the Peloponnese fires of 2007 in Greece." Science of The Total Environment 592, no. : 262-276.
This study investigates post-fire natural regeneration of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) forests at Ilia region (Peloponnesus, Greece) following the catastrophic fire of 2007.
Kostas S. Poirazidis; Konstantina Zografou; Panagiotis Kordopatis; Dionissios P. Kalivas; Margarita Arianoutsou; Dimitrios Kazanis; Evangelia Korakaki. A GIS-based integrated approach predicts accurately post-fire Aleppo pine regeneration at regional scale. Annals of Forest Science 2012, 69, 519 -529.
AMA StyleKostas S. Poirazidis, Konstantina Zografou, Panagiotis Kordopatis, Dionissios P. Kalivas, Margarita Arianoutsou, Dimitrios Kazanis, Evangelia Korakaki. A GIS-based integrated approach predicts accurately post-fire Aleppo pine regeneration at regional scale. Annals of Forest Science. 2012; 69 (4):519-529.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKostas S. Poirazidis; Konstantina Zografou; Panagiotis Kordopatis; Dionissios P. Kalivas; Margarita Arianoutsou; Dimitrios Kazanis; Evangelia Korakaki. 2012. "A GIS-based integrated approach predicts accurately post-fire Aleppo pine regeneration at regional scale." Annals of Forest Science 69, no. 4: 519-529.
1 Variations in water tension in a transpiring tree cause elastic changes in stem diameter. To better understand the dynamics of these variations, stem diameter changes and sap flow rates were monitored simultaneously in trees from two Scots pine chronosequences in Scotland. 2 Tree below‐ground hydraulic conductance (kbg) was estimated from the relationship between leaf‐specific sap flow rates and the difference between stem and soil water potentials estimated from diameter variations in the stem. 3 In a given tree, kbg varied both within and among days, with conductance increasing as a function of sap flow and evaporative demand. These patterns could be explained in terms of a composite model of root water transport and possible changes in the gating of aquaporins. 4 We interpreted these trends of increasing kbg with evaporative demand as a mechanism to enhance the ability of trees to control leaf water potential and keep it within physiologically acceptable limits, with potential implications for our general understanding of plant water relations, and for the estimation and modelling of ecosystem water fluxes. 5 Across trees, kbg declined with increasing tree age/size, but the proportional contribution of below‐ground to whole‐tree hydraulic resistance also declined. This is consistent with an increase in below‐ground carbon allocation in old/tall trees and a partial acclimation of tall trees to hydraulic limitations. It is argued that these trends have to be considered when discussing the importance of tree height for water transport and growth.
J. Martínez‐Vilalta; Evangelia Korakaki; D. Vanderklein; Maurizio Mencuccini. Below-ground hydraulic conductance is a function of environmental conditions and tree size in Scots pine. Functional Ecology 2007, 21, 1072 -1083.
AMA StyleJ. Martínez‐Vilalta, Evangelia Korakaki, D. Vanderklein, Maurizio Mencuccini. Below-ground hydraulic conductance is a function of environmental conditions and tree size in Scots pine. Functional Ecology. 2007; 21 (6):1072-1083.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Martínez‐Vilalta; Evangelia Korakaki; D. Vanderklein; Maurizio Mencuccini. 2007. "Below-ground hydraulic conductance is a function of environmental conditions and tree size in Scots pine." Functional Ecology 21, no. 6: 1072-1083.
Vegetative propagation techniques such as grafting can be used, in conjunction with field studies, to decouple the relative effects of age and size on tree metabolism and growth. Despite interest in this approach, little attention has been paid to the best metrics for assessing the growth performance of grafted plants over time. Based on an analysis of the grafting literature and our own data, we show that the choice of metrics to assess tree growth can entirely change the conclusions reached about the relative importance of age versus size. We recommend that absolute as well as relative rates of growth are calculated and that scion size be standardized as much as possible at the start of the experiment. Once proper metrics are chosen, all of the available published evidence is largely concordant with two concepts: (1) age-mediated controls of tree growth are likely to be important during the first few years of a tree's life (before phase change); and (2) after the first few years of a tree's life, size-mediated factors largely prevail over age-mediated factors in determining tree growth rates. We found no support for theories invoking age-mediated sink limitations in old trees.
Maurizio Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; Hazandy Abdul-Hamid; Evangelia Korakaki; D. Vanderklein. Evidence for age- and size-mediated controls of tree growth from grafting studies. Tree Physiology 2007, 27, 463 -473.
AMA StyleMaurizio Mencuccini, Jordi Martinez-Vilalta, Hazandy Abdul-Hamid, Evangelia Korakaki, D. Vanderklein. Evidence for age- and size-mediated controls of tree growth from grafting studies. Tree Physiology. 2007; 27 (3):463-473.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaurizio Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; Hazandy Abdul-Hamid; Evangelia Korakaki; D. Vanderklein. 2007. "Evidence for age- and size-mediated controls of tree growth from grafting studies." Tree Physiology 27, no. 3: 463-473.
There is increasing interest in understanding the costs and benefits of increased size and prolonged lifespan for plants. Some species of trees can grow more than 100 m in height and can live for several millennia, however whether these achievements are obtained at the cost of some other physiological functions is currently unclear. As increases in size are usually associated with ageing, it is also unclear whether observed reductions in growth rates and increased mortality rates are a function of size or of age per se. One theory proposes that reduced growth after the start of the reproductive phase is caused by cellular senescence. A second set of theories has focussed instead on plant size and the increased respiratory burdens or excessive height. We report on experimental manipulations to separate the effects of extrinsic factors such as size from those of intrinsic factors such as age for four tree species of contrasting phylogeny and life history. For each species, we measured growth, gas exchange and leaf biochemical properties for trees of different ages and sizes in the field and on propagated material obtained from the same genetic individuals but now all of small similar size in our common gardens. For all species, evidence indicated that size, not cellular senescence, accounted for the observed age‐related declines in relative growth rates and net assimilation rates. Two species exhibited evidence of genetic control on leaf characters such as specific leaf area, although size also exerted an independent, and stronger, effect. We found partial support for the theory of hydraulic limitations to tree growth. The lack of a marked separation of soma and germline, an unlimited proliferation potential of meristem cells and the exponential increase in reproductive effort with size all help explain the lack of a senescence‐induced decline in trees. It is possible that trees much older than the ones we sampled exhibit senescence symptoms.
M. Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; D. Vanderklein; Hazandy Abdul-Hamid; Evangelia Korakaki; S. Lee; B. Michiels. Size-mediated ageing reduces vigour in trees. Ecology Letters 2005, 8, 1183 -1190.
AMA StyleM. Mencuccini, Jordi Martinez-Vilalta, D. Vanderklein, Hazandy Abdul-Hamid, Evangelia Korakaki, S. Lee, B. Michiels. Size-mediated ageing reduces vigour in trees. Ecology Letters. 2005; 8 (11):1183-1190.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; D. Vanderklein; Hazandy Abdul-Hamid; Evangelia Korakaki; S. Lee; B. Michiels. 2005. "Size-mediated ageing reduces vigour in trees." Ecology Letters 8, no. 11: 1183-1190.
Evangelia Korakaki. P7 Developments in Plant Biology. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 2005, 141, S269 -S293.
AMA StyleEvangelia Korakaki. P7 Developments in Plant Biology. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 2005; 141 (3):S269-S293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEvangelia Korakaki. 2005. "P7 Developments in Plant Biology." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 141, no. 3: S269-S293.