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Xiangling Feng
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China

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Journal article
Published: 10 December 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin, but a few studies suggested that it might also induce nephrotoxicity. However, nephrotoxicity induced by prolonged oral exposure to MC-LR is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential influence of MC-LR on the kidney in mice following chronic exposure to MC-LR. In this study, we evaluated the nephrotoxicity of MC-LR in mice drinking water at different concentrations (1, 30, 60, 90, and 120 μg/L) for 6 months for the first time. The results showed that the kidney weights and the kidney indexes of mice were not altered in the MC-LR treated mice, compared with the control group. In addition, the renal function indicators revealed that the serum creatinine (SCr) levels were not significant changes after exposure to MC-LR. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were markedly decreased after exposure to 90 and 120 μg/L MC-LR for 3 months. The BUN levels were lower than that of the control group after exposure to 120 μg/L MC-LR for 6 months. The histopathological investigation revealed enlarged renal corpuscles, widened of kidney tubules, and lymphocyte infiltration in the interstitial tissue and the renal pelvis after exposure to 60, 90, and 120 μg/L MC-LR. Consequently, our results suggested that long-term exposure to MC-LR might be one important risk of kidney injury, which will provide important clues for the prevention of renal impairment.

ACS Style

Xiping Yi; Shuaishuai Xu; Feiyu Huang; Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Hai Feng; Jian Guo; Jihua Chen; Xiangling Feng; And Fei Yang. Effects of Chronic Exposure to Microcystin-LR on Kidney in Mice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 5030 .

AMA Style

Xiping Yi, Shuaishuai Xu, Feiyu Huang, Cong Wen, Shuilin Zheng, Hai Feng, Jian Guo, Jihua Chen, Xiangling Feng, And Fei Yang. Effects of Chronic Exposure to Microcystin-LR on Kidney in Mice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (24):5030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiping Yi; Shuaishuai Xu; Feiyu Huang; Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Hai Feng; Jian Guo; Jihua Chen; Xiangling Feng; And Fei Yang. 2019. "Effects of Chronic Exposure to Microcystin-LR on Kidney in Mice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 5030.

Articles
Published: 02 November 2019 in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
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Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyclic heptapeptide toxin produced by cyanobacteria, was found to induce genotoxic actions in various types of cells. Some investigators reported that microcystin-LR acted as tumor initiator in the observed genotoxic action mediated by this cyanotoxin. However, the underlying mechanisms underlying MC-induced DNA damage in the human intestine epithelium cell line (NCM460) are not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of 24 hr exposure to 5 or 10 µM MC-LR on intestinal DNA damage using NCM460 intestine cell line as a model. Data showed that MC-LR increased Olive tail moment (OTM) as evidenced by the comet assay, inhibited protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, elevated reactive oxygen species levels (ROS) and enhanced γ-H2AX and p-p53 protein expression levels. Results indicated that MC-LR produced intestinal DNA damage by inhibiting PP2A activity, activating p53 protein and subsequently initiating excess generation of ROS. These observations suggest that MC-LR–induced intestinal DNA damage involves a complex series of events that include oxidant stress, PP2A enzymic inhibition and activation of p53 protein.

ACS Style

Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Yue Yang; Xiaoyu Li; Jihua Chen; Xiaoyan Wang; Xiangling Feng; Fei Yang. Effects of microcystins-LR on genotoxic responses in human intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460). Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 2019, 82, 1113 -1119.

AMA Style

Cong Wen, Shuilin Zheng, Yue Yang, Xiaoyu Li, Jihua Chen, Xiaoyan Wang, Xiangling Feng, Fei Yang. Effects of microcystins-LR on genotoxic responses in human intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460). Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2019; 82 (21):1113-1119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Yue Yang; Xiaoyu Li; Jihua Chen; Xiaoyan Wang; Xiangling Feng; Fei Yang. 2019. "Effects of microcystins-LR on genotoxic responses in human intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460)." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 82, no. 21: 1113-1119.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2019 in Toxins
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Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyanotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, induces oxidative stress in various types of cells. Prodigiosin, a red linear tripyrrole pigment, has been recently reported to have antimicrobial, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. How prodigiosin reacts to reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by MC-LR is still undetermined. This study aimed to examine the effect of prodigiosin against oxidative stress induced by MC-LR in HepG2 cells. Ros was generated after cells were treated with MC-LR and was significantly inhibited with treatment of prodigiosin. In prodigiosin-treated cells, the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2-related phase II enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were increased. Besides, prodigiosin contributed to enhance nuclear Nrf2 level and repressed ubiquitination. Furthermore, prodigiosin promoted Nrf2 protein level and inhibited ROS in Nrf2 knocked down HepG2 cells. Results indicated that prodigiosin reduced ROS induced by MC-LR by enhancing Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus in HepG2 cells. The finding presents new clues for the potential clinical applications of prodigiosin for inhibiting MC-LR-induced oxidative injury in the future.

ACS Style

Jihua Chen; Yuji Li; Fuqiang Liu; De-Xing Hou; Jingjing Xu; Xinying Zhao; Fei Yang; Xiangling Feng. Prodigiosin Promotes Nrf2 Activation to Inhibit Oxidative Stress Induced by Microcystin-LR in HepG2 Cells. Toxins 2019, 11, 403 .

AMA Style

Jihua Chen, Yuji Li, Fuqiang Liu, De-Xing Hou, Jingjing Xu, Xinying Zhao, Fei Yang, Xiangling Feng. Prodigiosin Promotes Nrf2 Activation to Inhibit Oxidative Stress Induced by Microcystin-LR in HepG2 Cells. Toxins. 2019; 11 (7):403.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jihua Chen; Yuji Li; Fuqiang Liu; De-Xing Hou; Jingjing Xu; Xinying Zhao; Fei Yang; Xiangling Feng. 2019. "Prodigiosin Promotes Nrf2 Activation to Inhibit Oxidative Stress Induced by Microcystin-LR in HepG2 Cells." Toxins 11, no. 7: 403.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2019 in Toxins
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Microcystin-LR is a cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by harmful cyanobacteria. A panel of microRNAs containing miR-451a were found to be significantly changed in normal human liver cells HL7702 after exposure to microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in our previous study. However, the functions of miR-451a in hepatotoxicity induced by MC-LR remained unclear. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of miR-451a in HL7702 cells following treatment with 5 or 10 μM MC-LR. The comet assay indicated that MC-LR can influence Olive tail moment (OTM) in HL7702 cells. Furthermore, increase of miR-451a significantly repressed DNA damage and the protein expression level of γ-H2AX induced by MC-LR. Moreover, over-expression of miR-451a inhibited the expression level of p-AKT1 protein in cells following treatment by MC-LR. These results showed that miR-451a may protect from MC-LR-induced DNA damage by down-regulating the expression of p-AKT1, which provides new clues for the diagnosis and therapy policies for liver damage induced by MC-LR.

ACS Style

Lv Chen; Shu Yang; Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Yue Yang; Xiangling Feng; Jihua Chen; Dan Luo; Ran Liu; Fei Yang. Regulation of Microcystin-LR-Induced DNA Damage by miR-451a in HL7702 Cells. Toxins 2019, 11, 164 .

AMA Style

Lv Chen, Shu Yang, Cong Wen, Shuilin Zheng, Yue Yang, Xiangling Feng, Jihua Chen, Dan Luo, Ran Liu, Fei Yang. Regulation of Microcystin-LR-Induced DNA Damage by miR-451a in HL7702 Cells. Toxins. 2019; 11 (3):164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lv Chen; Shu Yang; Cong Wen; Shuilin Zheng; Yue Yang; Xiangling Feng; Jihua Chen; Dan Luo; Ran Liu; Fei Yang. 2019. "Regulation of Microcystin-LR-Induced DNA Damage by miR-451a in HL7702 Cells." Toxins 11, no. 3: 164.