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Ms. Adelle Gadowski
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia

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0 Cardiovascular
0 Cardiovascular Disease
0 Diet
0 Exercise
0 statins

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Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Human Nutrition & Metabolism
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To examine adherence to physical activity (PA) and dietary guidelines, explore barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours, and determine any associations with lipid-lowering drug therapy (LLT). Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Elderly (IPAQ-E), diet using the Australian Short Dietary Screener (Aus-SDS), and perceived barriers to healthy PA and dietary behaviours. Australia A convenience sample of 110 community-dwelling Australian adults aged ≥70 years. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's χ2 were used to analyse adherence to guidelines and lifestyle barriers. Of 110 adults (mean age 76.8 ± 4.5y), 51.8% met PA guidelines, and none met all five dietary guidelines. Lipid-lowering drug therapy users engaged in less weekly PA (median 155, IQR = 70, 370 min) than non-users (median 420, IQR = 210, 675 min). Dietary intake did not differ by LLT status. Mobility and health concerns (68.1% vs 23.7%), and motivation (79.2% vs 36.8%) were more common barriers to PA among LLT users compared with non-users (p < 0.001). Perceived dietary barriers did not differ by LLT use. Half the study population met PA guidelines; however, none met all dietary guidelines. In older adults, targeted interventions addressing common barriers to achieving healthy lifestyles and reducing the risk of chronic disease are needed, especially among LLT users.

ACS Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis. Human Nutrition & Metabolism 2021, 25, 200127 .

AMA Style

Adelle M. Gadowski, Andrea J. Curtis, Stephane Heritier, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen. Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis. Human Nutrition & Metabolism. 2021; 25 ():200127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. 2021. "Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis." Human Nutrition & Metabolism 25, no. : 200127.

Review
Published: 14 December 2020 in Diabetologia
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Aims/hypothesis Few studies examine the association between age at diagnosis and subsequent complications from type 2 diabetes. This paper aims to summarise the risk of mortality, macrovascular complications and microvascular complications associated with age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Methods Data were sourced from MEDLINE and All EBM (Evidence Based Medicine) databases from inception to July 2018. Observational studies, investigating the effect of age at diabetes diagnosis on macrovascular and microvascular diabetes complications in adults with type 2 diabetes were selected according to pre-specified criteria. Two investigators independently extracted data and evaluated all studies. If data were not reported in a comparable format, data were obtained from authors, presented as minimally adjusted ORs (and 95% CIs) per 1 year increase in age at diabetes diagnosis, adjusted for current age for each outcome of interest. The study protocol was recorded with PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42016043593). Results Data from 26 observational studies comprising 1,325,493 individuals from 30 countries were included. Random-effects meta-analyses with inverse variance weighting were used to obtain the pooled ORs. Age at diabetes diagnosis was inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality and macrovascular and microvascular disease (all p < 0.001). Each 1 year increase in age at diabetes diagnosis was associated with a 4%, 3% and 5% decreased risk of all-cause mortality, macrovascular disease and microvascular disease, respectively, adjusted for current age. The effects were consistent for the individual components of the composite outcomes (all p < 0.001). Conclusions/interpretation Younger, rather than older, age at diabetes diagnosis was associated with higher risk of mortality and vascular disease. Early and sustained interventions to delay type 2 diabetes onset and improve blood glucose levels and cardiovascular risk profiles of those already diagnosed are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.

ACS Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Adelle M. Gadowski; Meda E. Pavkov; Timothy Kenealy; David R. Owens; Rebecca L. Thomas; Soon Song; Jencia Wong; Juliana C.-N. Chan; Andrea O.-Y. Luk; Giuseppe Penno; Linong Ji; Viswanathan Mohan; Anandakumar Amutha; Pedro Romero-Aroca; Danijela Gasevic; Dianna J. Magliano; Helena J. Teede; John Chalmers; Sophia Zoungas. Impact of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis on mortality and vascular complications: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia 2020, 64, 275 -287.

AMA Style

Natalie Nanayakkara, Andrea J. Curtis, Stephane Heritier, Adelle M. Gadowski, Meda E. Pavkov, Timothy Kenealy, David R. Owens, Rebecca L. Thomas, Soon Song, Jencia Wong, Juliana C.-N. Chan, Andrea O.-Y. Luk, Giuseppe Penno, Linong Ji, Viswanathan Mohan, Anandakumar Amutha, Pedro Romero-Aroca, Danijela Gasevic, Dianna J. Magliano, Helena J. Teede, John Chalmers, Sophia Zoungas. Impact of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis on mortality and vascular complications: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia. 2020; 64 (2):275-287.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Adelle M. Gadowski; Meda E. Pavkov; Timothy Kenealy; David R. Owens; Rebecca L. Thomas; Soon Song; Jencia Wong; Juliana C.-N. Chan; Andrea O.-Y. Luk; Giuseppe Penno; Linong Ji; Viswanathan Mohan; Anandakumar Amutha; Pedro Romero-Aroca; Danijela Gasevic; Dianna J. Magliano; Helena J. Teede; John Chalmers; Sophia Zoungas. 2020. "Impact of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis on mortality and vascular complications: systematic review and meta-analyses." Diabetologia 64, no. 2: 275-287.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2020 in Nutrients
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The aim of this study was to assess the relative validity and reproducibility of a six-item Australian Short Dietary Screener (Aus-SDS). The Aus-SDS assessed the daily intake of core food groups (vegetables, fruits, legumes and beans, cereals, protein sources and dairy sources) in 100 Australians (52 males and 48 females) aged ≥70 years. Relative validity was assessed by comparing intakes from the Aus-SDS1 with an average of three 24-h recalls (24-HRs), and reproducibility using two administrations of the Aus-SDS (Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2). Cohen’s kappa statistic between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs showed moderate to good agreement, ranging from 0.44 for fruits and dairy to 0.64 for protein. There was poor agreement for legume intake (0.12). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated acceptable limits of agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs for all food groups. Median intakes obtained from Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2 did not differ. For all food groups, Cohen’s kappa statistic ranged from 0.68 to 0.89, indicating acceptable agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs across all food groups ranged from 0.64 for fruit to 0.83 for protein. We found the Aus-SDS to be a useful tool in assessing daily intake of core food groups in this population.

ACS Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Stephane Heritier; Andrea J. Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1436 .

AMA Style

Adelle M. Gadowski, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Stephane Heritier, Andrea J. Curtis, Natalie Nanayakkara, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen. Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (5):1436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Stephane Heritier; Andrea J. Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. 2020. "Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above." Nutrients 12, no. 5: 1436.

Review
Published: 01 October 2019 in Journal of Aging and Physical Activity
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This review examines the effects of statins on physical activity and/or fitness, as statins can have adverse muscle effects. A search was done of MEDLINE, Embase, and EBMR databases up to July 2018 for randomized controlled trials comparing statin with placebo or control, measuring physical activity and/or fitness in adults. Sixteen randomized controlled trials (total participants [N] = 2,944) were included, 6 randomized controlled trials contributed data for meta-analysis. Random effects meta-analysis examined differences in physical fitness, maximal exercise time (in seconds) in exercise testing, and maximal heart rate (in beats per minute) between statins and control. No significant difference between statin and control for maximal heart rate (mean difference = 2.8 beats per minute, 95% confidence interval [−7.4, 13.0]; p = .59) nor exercise time (mean difference = 82.8 s, 95% confidence interval [−31.9, 197.4]; p = .516) were seen. There were insufficient studies reporting habitual physical activity to perform a meta-analysis. This review found no evidence for an effect of statins on physical activity or fitness, but data availability is limited.

ACS Style

Adelle Gadowski; Alice J. Owen; Andrea Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Marie Misso; Sophia Zoungas. The Effects of Statins on Physical Activity or Physical Fitness Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 2019, 27, 762 -774.

AMA Style

Adelle Gadowski, Alice J. Owen, Andrea Curtis, Natalie Nanayakkara, Stephane Heritier, Marie Misso, Sophia Zoungas. The Effects of Statins on Physical Activity or Physical Fitness Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. 2019; 27 (5):762-774.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adelle Gadowski; Alice J. Owen; Andrea Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Marie Misso; Sophia Zoungas. 2019. "The Effects of Statins on Physical Activity or Physical Fitness Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 27, no. 5: 762-774.

Comparative study
Published: 09 August 2019 in Nutrients
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Lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) should be accompanied by dietary guidance for cardiovascular risk reduction; however, current evidence suggests sub-optimal dietary behaviors in those on LLT. We examined the associations between the dietary intake of key food groups (vegetables, fruit, cereal, protein, and dairy) and LLT use in Australian adults using quantile regression. We used data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a prospective population-based study of adults aged ≥25 years, conducted over 5 years (1999–2005). Measurements included a 121-item food frequency questionnaire and LLT use. LLT use was categorized as: LLT users (n = 446), commenced LLT (n = 565), ceased LLT (n = 71), and non-users (n = 4813). Less than 1% of the cohort met recommended intakes of all food groups at the baseline and follow up. The median daily dietary intake at the follow up among LLT users was 2.2 serves of vegetables, 1.4 serves of fruit, 2.8 serves of cereal, 2.0 serves of protein, and 1.4 serves of dairy. Adjusted analysis showed no differences across the quantiles of intake of key food groups in LLT users and commenced LLT compared to non-users. The LLT medication status is not associated with any difference in meeting recommended intakes of key foods.

ACS Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Dianna Magliano; Jonathan E. Shaw; Andrea J. Curtis; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen; Shaw; Owen. Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1858 .

AMA Style

Adelle M. Gadowski, Natalie Nanayakkara, Stephane Heritier, Dianna Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Andrea J. Curtis, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen, Shaw, Owen. Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (8):1858.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adelle M. Gadowski; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Dianna Magliano; Jonathan E. Shaw; Andrea J. Curtis; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen; Shaw; Owen. 2019. "Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach." Nutrients 11, no. 8: 1858.

Diabetes and endocrinology
Published: 13 August 2018 in BMJ Open
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ObjectiveTo compare the glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factor profiles of younger and older patients with type 2 diabetes. Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2015 Australian National Diabetes Audit was undertaken.MethodsData were obtained from adults with type 2 diabetes presenting to Australian secondary/tertiary diabetes centres. Logistic regression examined associations with glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) >7% (53 mmol/mol) and cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsData from 3492 patients were analysed. Mean (±SD) age was 62.9±12.5 years, mean diabetes duration 13.5±9.4 years and mean HbA1c 8.2%±1.8%. Mean HbA1c was 8.6%±2.1% and 8.0%±1.6% for the younger (7.0% was 1.5 times higher (95% CI 1.22 to 1.84) for younger patients compared with older patients after adjustment for gender, smoking, diabetes duration, renal function and body mass index. Younger patients were also more likely to have dyslipidaemia (aOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.68; pConclusionsYounger age was associated with poorer glycaemic control and adverse cardiovascular risk factor profiles. It is imperative to optimise and monitor treatment in order to improve long-term outcomes.

ACS Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Sanjeeva Ranasinha; Adelle Gadowski; Wendy Davis; Jeffrey Ronald Flack; Natalie Wischer; Sof Andrikopoulos; Sophia Zoungas. Age-related differences in glycaemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors and treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study from the Australian National Diabetes Audit. BMJ Open 2018, 8, e020677 .

AMA Style

Natalie Nanayakkara, Sanjeeva Ranasinha, Adelle Gadowski, Wendy Davis, Jeffrey Ronald Flack, Natalie Wischer, Sof Andrikopoulos, Sophia Zoungas. Age-related differences in glycaemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors and treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study from the Australian National Diabetes Audit. BMJ Open. 2018; 8 (8):e020677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Sanjeeva Ranasinha; Adelle Gadowski; Wendy Davis; Jeffrey Ronald Flack; Natalie Wischer; Sof Andrikopoulos; Sophia Zoungas. 2018. "Age-related differences in glycaemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors and treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study from the Australian National Diabetes Audit." BMJ Open 8, no. 8: e020677.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
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Age, age at diagnosis, and diabetes duration were all independently associated with macrovascular complications whereas only diabetes duration was independently associated with microvascular complications.

ACS Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Sanjeeva Ranasinha; Adelle Gadowski; Stephane Heritier; Jeff R. Flack; Natalie Wischer; Jencia Wong; Sophia Zoungas. Age, age at diagnosis and diabetes duration are all associated with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 2018, 32, 279 -290.

AMA Style

Natalie Nanayakkara, Sanjeeva Ranasinha, Adelle Gadowski, Stephane Heritier, Jeff R. Flack, Natalie Wischer, Jencia Wong, Sophia Zoungas. Age, age at diagnosis and diabetes duration are all associated with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. 2018; 32 (3):279-290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalie Nanayakkara; Sanjeeva Ranasinha; Adelle Gadowski; Stephane Heritier; Jeff R. Flack; Natalie Wischer; Jencia Wong; Sophia Zoungas. 2018. "Age, age at diagnosis and diabetes duration are all associated with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes." Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 32, no. 3: 279-290.