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The present work tries to describe the relationships among perfectionism, dark traits of personality, and exercise addiction and according to highly intense sports. Following research on perfectionism in sport, its dysfunctional facet is based on a continuous and negative cognitive-evaluative judgement about the difficulties to achieve the accomplishment of tasks or behaviors that improve their sport performance, describing how athletes configure altered thoughts or cognitive resources in their sport experiences. The Spanish versions of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Short Dark Triad Scale, and the Exercise Addiction Inventory were applied in a sample of 462 Spanish amateur athletes (39.6% women and 60.4% men). The findings show that a more maladaptive perfectionist pattern (concern over mistakes and external criticism) is related to higher levels of dark personality traits and a greater risk of exercise addiction. However, there are no differences between runners and CrossFit users on the subject of perfectionism, dark traits, and exercise addiction scores.
J. González-Hernández; R. Baños; R. Morquecho-Sánchez; H. A. Pineda-Espejel; J. L. Chamorro. Perfectionism Patterns, Dark Personality, and Exercise Addiction Trend in High-Intensity Sports. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleJ. González-Hernández, R. Baños, R. Morquecho-Sánchez, H. A. Pineda-Espejel, J. L. Chamorro. Perfectionism Patterns, Dark Personality, and Exercise Addiction Trend in High-Intensity Sports. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. González-Hernández; R. Baños; R. Morquecho-Sánchez; H. A. Pineda-Espejel; J. L. Chamorro. 2021. "Perfectionism Patterns, Dark Personality, and Exercise Addiction Trend in High-Intensity Sports." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-13.
Many earlier studies conducted on sports betting and addiction have examined sports betting in the context of gambling and have not taken into account the specific motivations of sports betting. Therefore, the effects of motivational elements of sports betting on sports betting addiction risk are unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of motivation factors specific to sports betting on sports betting addiction. Accordingly, three linked studies were conducted. Firstly, to determine sports betting motivations “Sports Betting Motivation Scale (SBMS)” developed and validated. Secondly, to determine the risks of sports betting addiction “Problem Sports Betting Severity Index (PSBSI)” was adapted from Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Finally, the third study examined effects of the sports betting motivations on sports betting addiction risk. Study one (n=281), study two comprised (n=230), and the final study comprised (n=643) sports fans who bet on sports regularly for 12 months with different motivations. The findings demonstrate that the SBMS appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing sports betting motivations. Also, the findings provided PSBSI validity for the use of the Turkish and sports betting adapted version of PGSI. As a result of the main research, “make money,” “socialization,” and “being in the game” motivations were found to be positive predictors of sports betting addiction risk, while “fun” motivation was a negative predictor. The motivations “recreation/escape,” “knowledge of the game,” and “interest in sport” were found not to be significant predictors of the risk of sports betting addiction.
Sevda Gökce Yüce; Arif Yüce; Hakan Katırcı; Abel Nogueira-López; Juan González-Hernández. Effects of Sports Betting Motivations on Sports Betting Addiction in a Turkish Sample. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleSevda Gökce Yüce, Arif Yüce, Hakan Katırcı, Abel Nogueira-López, Juan González-Hernández. Effects of Sports Betting Motivations on Sports Betting Addiction in a Turkish Sample. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSevda Gökce Yüce; Arif Yüce; Hakan Katırcı; Abel Nogueira-López; Juan González-Hernández. 2021. "Effects of Sports Betting Motivations on Sports Betting Addiction in a Turkish Sample." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-22.
Background: In an unprecedented situation of interruption of the sporting dynamics, the world of sport is going through a series of adaptations necessary to continue functioning despite coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). More than ever, athletes are facing a different challenge, a source of discomfort and uncertainty, and one that absolutely alters not only sports calendars, but also trajectories, progressions, and approaches to sports life. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the levels of psychological vulnerability that may have been generated in the athletes, because of the coexistence with dysfunctional responses during the COVID-19 experience, and which directly influence the decrease of their mental health. Methods: With a descriptive and transversal design, the study aims to identify the state of the dysfunctional psychological response of a sample of Spanish athletes (N = 284). The DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale), Toronto-20 (alexithymia), and Distress Tolerance Scale questionnaires were administered to a sample of high-level Spanish athletes in Olympic programs. Results: The results suggest that the analyzed athletes indicate high levels of dysfunctional response (e.g., anxiety, stress, depression, and alexithymia) when their tolerance is low. In addition, the variables show less relational strength, when the capacity of tolerance to distress is worse and age is lower. At the same time, the greater the anxiety and uncertainty are, leading to more catastrophic and negative thoughts, the younger the athletes are. Conclusions: It is clear that both age and tolerance to distress are considered adequate protective factors for psychological vulnerability in general and for associated dysfunctional responses in particular. Moreover, the psychological resources offered by more experienced athletes are also a guarantee of protection against negativity and catastrophism.
Juan González-Hernández; Clara López-Mora; Arif Yüce; Abel Nogueira-López; Maria Isabel Tovar-Gálvez. “Oh, My God! My Season Is Over!” COVID-19 and Regulation of the Psychological Response in Spanish High-Performance Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology 2021, 12, 622529 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Clara López-Mora, Arif Yüce, Abel Nogueira-López, Maria Isabel Tovar-Gálvez. “Oh, My God! My Season Is Over!” COVID-19 and Regulation of the Psychological Response in Spanish High-Performance Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021; 12 ():622529.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Clara López-Mora; Arif Yüce; Abel Nogueira-López; Maria Isabel Tovar-Gálvez. 2021. "“Oh, My God! My Season Is Over!” COVID-19 and Regulation of the Psychological Response in Spanish High-Performance Athletes." Frontiers in Psychology 12, no. : 622529.
Under an observational, transversal, and descriptive design, the study analyze the degree of adjustment of the perceptions of fear of failure as a mediating variable of the estimated relationship between sporting commitment and the appearance of burnout in young handball players in a competitive context. The sample included a total of 479 youth category handball players (250 boys and 229 girls) selected to compete in the Spanish Regional Championships. The age range was 16 (40.1%)−17 (59.9%) years old (M = 16.60; SD = 0.50). With regard to the years of experience variable, 85.4% stated that they have more than 5 years of experience at the federated handball player level. The Spanish version of Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI), Inventory Athletes Burnout Revised (IBD-R), and Sport Commitment Questionnaire (SCQE) were used to assess fear of failure. The correlation patterns evidence that commitment is negative and significantly associated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and fear of failure and positively associated with reduced sense of personal accomplishment. In the standardized direct effect, negative and significant effects were observed between commitment and fear of failure, fear of failure with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and on the contrary, a negative and significant effect was observed between fear of failure and reduced sense of personal accomplishment. The evaluated athletes reflect a positive psychological disposition, show pride in having been selected by their territorial teams and reflect a high desire to show their sporting qualities. Despite the emergence of cognitive-emotional processes associated with fear of failure (e.g., shame, fear of criticism), this has been observed to protect the sense of self-fulfillment through sport effort, although it also has impacts on further emotional exhaustion and loss of value of sport effort.
Juan González-Hernández; Carlos Marques da Silva; Diogo Monteiro; Marianna Alesi; Manuel Gómez-López. Effects of Commitment on Fear of Failure and Burnout in Teen Spanish Handball Players. Frontiers in Psychology 2021, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Carlos Marques da Silva, Diogo Monteiro, Marianna Alesi, Manuel Gómez-López. Effects of Commitment on Fear of Failure and Burnout in Teen Spanish Handball Players. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Carlos Marques da Silva; Diogo Monteiro; Marianna Alesi; Manuel Gómez-López. 2021. "Effects of Commitment on Fear of Failure and Burnout in Teen Spanish Handball Players." Frontiers in Psychology 12, no. : 1.
Los adolescentes son un grupo de riesgo para desarrollar trastornos depresivos y que se enfrentan a una multitud de circunstancias psicosociales y a los recursos disponibles para satisfacer sus necesidades vitales. El riesgo de depresión está asociado con una alta evitación de daños, una baja autodirección y una baja persistencia. El objetivo de la labor fue explorar las diferencias entre los diferentes perfiles de personalidad entre los elementos del proceso depresivo (presencia de angustia y ausencia de eustrés) en los adolescentes. La presencia de depresión se evaluó a través del Inventario Multicultural de Depresión y la personalidad a través del Cuestionario de Temperamento y Carácter en un total de 229 participantes, (n=121 varones) (edad M = 14,79; SD = 1,61). Los análisis exploratorios por conglomerados mostraron la existencia de 3 perfiles de adolescentes basados en el temperamento y el carácter, siendo aquellos adolescentes con baja persistencia y auto-trascendencia, con alta auto-dirección, evitación de daños y dependencia de las recompensas quienes mostraron los más altos indicadores de depresión. Específicamente, se encontraron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de angustia con los adolescentes del perfil 3 que tenían los indicadores más altos de angustia de estado (F(224.4) = 21.73; p < .01) y rasgo (F(224.4) = 23.00; p < .01) con respecto a los adolescentes del grupo 1 y del grupo 2. Además, también tuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más bajas en los indicadores de estado eustrés (F(224.4) = 11,59; p < .01) y rasgo (F(224.4) = 12,31; p < .01). La discusión se centra en la utilidad de las teorías de Moscoso y Coninger como marcos para comprender los procesos de adquisición y el riesgo de depresión en los adolescentes. Adolescents are a group at risk of developing depressive disorders, faced with a multitude of psychosocial circumstances and the resources available to meet vital needs. The risk of depression is associated with high avoidance of harm, low self-direction, and low persistence. The aim of the work was to explore the differences between different personality profiles between elements of the depressive process (presence of distress and absence of eustress) in adolescents. The presence of depression was evaluated through the Multicultural Inventory of Depression and personality through the Temperament and Character Questionnaire in a total of 229 participants, (n=121 males) (M age = 14.79; SD = 1.61). The exploratory cluster analyses showed the existence of 3 adolescent profiles based on temperament and character, being those adolescents with low persistence and self-transcendence, with high self-directedness, harm avoidance and rewards dependency who showed the highest indicators of depression. Specifically, significant differences were found in distress scores with adolescents in profile 3 having the highest indicators of state distress (F(224.4) = 21.73; p < .01) and trait (F(224.4) = 23.00; p < .01) with respect to adolescents in cluster 1 and cluster 2. In addition, they also had significantly lower scores on the indicators of eustrés state (F(224.4) = 11.59; p < .01) and trait (F(224.4) = 12.31; p < .01). The discussion focuses on the usefulness of Moscoso and Coninger's theories as frameworks for understanding the processes of acquisition, and risk of depression in adolescents.
Clara López-Mora; Juan González-Hernández. "My life is not going to have any meaning." Personality and vulnerability to depression in Spanish youth. Anales de Psicología 2021, 37, 35 -43.
AMA StyleClara López-Mora, Juan González-Hernández. "My life is not going to have any meaning." Personality and vulnerability to depression in Spanish youth. Anales de Psicología. 2021; 37 (1):35-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara López-Mora; Juan González-Hernández. 2021. ""My life is not going to have any meaning." Personality and vulnerability to depression in Spanish youth." Anales de Psicología 37, no. 1: 35-43.
With prevalence of obesity increasing worldwide, understanding body image in individuals with excessive weight is important, as unawareness of weight excess can prevent weight loss attempts. We explored the associations among measured and self-reported body mass index (BMI), body image and body satisfaction among Spanish females and males with overweight or obesity, with a special focus in discriminating individuals who are and are not satisfied with their body and wish or not to change their appearance. Just unifying all individuals with excessive weight may lead to uncover or deny different realities and to develop unfitted clinical management options. Updating findings for the Spanish population, we found that most participants correctly estimated their weight, but 3 in 10 underestimated it. Similarly, their body images corresponded to adults with overweight or obesity who desired to be thinner, but in average they reported a perceived body just slightly overweight and a moderate satisfaction with their body. Complementing the existing evidence, BMI and sex-gender interacted for influencing body weight estimation and desired weight change. In addition, three different subgroups were found for desired change of weight and size, depending on their BMI and body satisfaction. Discovering and considering different subjective realities and corporeal experiences among individuals with weight excess will help professionals to develop appropriate therapeutic interventions. Thus, the personal experiences that individuals have with obesity, instead of obesity itself, should be considered for disentangling management efforts.
Débora Godoy-Izquierdo; Juan González-Hernández; Raquel Lara; Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo; María J. Ramírez; Estefanía Navarrón; Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco; Clara López-Mora; Félix Arbinaga. Considering BMI, Body Image and Desired Weight Change for Suitable Obesity Management Options. The Spanish Journal of Psychology 2020, 23, 1 .
AMA StyleDébora Godoy-Izquierdo, Juan González-Hernández, Raquel Lara, Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo, María J. Ramírez, Estefanía Navarrón, Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco, Clara López-Mora, Félix Arbinaga. Considering BMI, Body Image and Desired Weight Change for Suitable Obesity Management Options. The Spanish Journal of Psychology. 2020; 23 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDébora Godoy-Izquierdo; Juan González-Hernández; Raquel Lara; Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo; María J. Ramírez; Estefanía Navarrón; Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco; Clara López-Mora; Félix Arbinaga. 2020. "Considering BMI, Body Image and Desired Weight Change for Suitable Obesity Management Options." The Spanish Journal of Psychology 23, no. : 1.
The objective of this study is to show the links and differences in the expressions of competitive anxiety in the face of the existence of resilient resources in young athletes, according to sporting (years of experience) and personal (gender) characteristics. To meet these aims, the participants answered the Resilience Scale (RS-14) and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R). The sample consisted of 241 adolescent handball and basketball players between 14 and 17 years old. Different analyses were performed, including a differential and multivariate descriptive, a correlation, and a multiple regression. The results showed that anxiety was negatively related to resilience in its acceptance dimension. It was shown that girls showed higher levels of somatic anxiety, while boys showed higher levels of acceptance. Statistically significant differences were found in the resources for acceptance in favor of boys, while there were significantly different indicators in somatic anxiety and self-confidence in favor of girls. The sports experience was positively related to resilience and negatively to anxiety. Although the existence of indicators of cognitive anxiety (e.g., recurrent thoughts or rhyming), coaches and athletes need to understand that they are also indicators of a necessary activation for psychological functioning. Channeling such a process through psychological training of different skills will enhance the capacities for self-confidence.
Juan González-Hernández; Marcial Gomariz-Gea; Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela; Manuel Gómez-López. Resilient Resources in Youth Athletes and Their Relationship with Anxiety in Different Team Sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5569 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Marcial Gomariz-Gea, Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela, Manuel Gómez-López. Resilient Resources in Youth Athletes and Their Relationship with Anxiety in Different Team Sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5569.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Marcial Gomariz-Gea; Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela; Manuel Gómez-López. 2020. "Resilient Resources in Youth Athletes and Their Relationship with Anxiety in Different Team Sports." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5569.
Although previous evidence suggests that happiness is lower among individuals with obesity, research on the correlates of subjective well-being (SWB) is warranted to increase our knowledge. We aim to explore excess weight (i.e., measured and self-reported body mass index (BMI)), body image and satisfaction, self-stigma, positivity, and happiness among Spanish adults with overweight or obesity. We further aim to investigate the predictors of SWB in this sample. A convenience sample of 100 individuals with excess weight completed self-reports on the study variables and were weighed and their height measured. On average, the participants reported body perceptions revealing minor excessive weight, moderate body satisfaction, low-to-moderate weight-related stigma, and elevated positivity and happiness. BMI and gender/sex independently affected these variables, but there were no significant interaction effects. Furthermore, individuals with overweight or obesity with higher body satisfaction and elevated positivity were more likely to report being happy, independent of their age, gender/sex, weight, and weight-related stigma. Mediation effects were found for body satisfaction and positivity in the relationship between weight and happiness. Moreover, positive orientation suppressed the pervasive influence of stigma on SWB. Our findings confirm the key role of body image dimensions and weight-related stigma for happiness and add support to the relevance of positivity for overall well-being of individuals with excess weight. These results may inform obesity management actions focused on inclusive aesthetic models, combating social stigmatization and enhancing positivity for a flourishing and fulfilling life.
Débora Godoy-Izquierdo; Juan González-Hernández; Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo; Raquel Lara; Adelaida Ogallar; Estefanía Navarrón; María J. Ramírez; Clara López-Mora; Félix Arbinaga. Body Satisfaction, Weight Stigma, Positivity, and Happiness among Spanish Adults with Overweight and Obesity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 4186 .
AMA StyleDébora Godoy-Izquierdo, Juan González-Hernández, Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo, Raquel Lara, Adelaida Ogallar, Estefanía Navarrón, María J. Ramírez, Clara López-Mora, Félix Arbinaga. Body Satisfaction, Weight Stigma, Positivity, and Happiness among Spanish Adults with Overweight and Obesity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (12):4186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDébora Godoy-Izquierdo; Juan González-Hernández; Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo; Raquel Lara; Adelaida Ogallar; Estefanía Navarrón; María J. Ramírez; Clara López-Mora; Félix Arbinaga. 2020. "Body Satisfaction, Weight Stigma, Positivity, and Happiness among Spanish Adults with Overweight and Obesity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4186.
Research on the dark triad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) is increasingly focusing on the functional or dysfunctional influences of personality traits on cognitive, behavioural and emotional responses. Thus, studies in sport contexts have shown that athletes who participate in competitive sports have higher scores in the dark triad than those who do not. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the linear and predictive relationships between dark traits and competitiveness (p < 0.01), as well as to identify any differences based on sports orientation (professionals vs. amateurs). Scales SD3 (dark personality) and C−10 (competitiveness) were applied to a sample of Spanish athletes (n = 806). The results show that competitiveness is strongly related to the traits of the dark personality triad. Narcissism is related to both the desire to win and the fear of losing, while Machiavellian tendencies are high when athletes feel like losers. Finally, psychopathic tendencies are related to feelings of inferiority and fear of failure. In conclusion, the results suggest that dark personality traits are related not only to the individuality of the athletes, but also to the self-perception of both their psychological response and the competitiveness of their sporting environment.
Juan González-Hernández; Ricardo Cuevas-Campos; María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez; Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez. Why Negative or Positive, If It makes Me Win? Dark Personality in Spanish Competitive Athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3504 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Ricardo Cuevas-Campos, María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez, Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez. Why Negative or Positive, If It makes Me Win? Dark Personality in Spanish Competitive Athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3504.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Ricardo Cuevas-Campos; María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez; Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez. 2020. "Why Negative or Positive, If It makes Me Win? Dark Personality in Spanish Competitive Athletes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3504.
Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality trait characterized by effort and rigidity in setting high personal standards, accompanied by an excessive tendency toward critical assessments, which plays an important role in cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. During adolescence, personality is built on a fundamental pillar—self-esteem—which plays an important role in sports practice when it comes to achieving the best possible performance. Anger has an emotional component that, interpreted in an unadaptive way, interferes with sports performance. The aim of this study is to assess differences according to self-esteem and perfectionism indicators and anger expression and management in young athletes. The sample included 229 male athletes to the quarries of professional sports with ages between 13 and 17 years. They were administered the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory for Children and Adolescents, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Predictive analysis showed that low personal standards and high levels of organization (indicators of adaptive perfectionism) acted as predictors of state anger, while those showing high personal standards predicted high anger management in athletes with high self-esteem. High personal standards predicted lower indicators of trait anger in athletes with low self-esteem. The results revealed the influence of high self-esteem as a protective factor in the predictive relationship among anger traits and personal standards. The study describes the relationship of these variables in the belongings of young male footballers (under high sport pressure), showing the need to take care of the athletes’ self-esteem in sport environments through prevention programs that include psychological and social resources training systems.
Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Manuel Gómez-López; Juan González-Hernández. Perfectionism Profiles and Anger Responses: The Relevant Role of Self-Esteem in Athletes of Professional Quarries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1416 .
AMA StyleAntonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena, Manuel Gómez-López, Juan González-Hernández. Perfectionism Profiles and Anger Responses: The Relevant Role of Self-Esteem in Athletes of Professional Quarries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1416.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Manuel Gómez-López; Juan González-Hernández. 2020. "Perfectionism Profiles and Anger Responses: The Relevant Role of Self-Esteem in Athletes of Professional Quarries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1416.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the motivational climate created by the coach and perceived by a group of young, high-performance handball players on their fear of failure and precompetitive anxiety. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16–17 years old. Players were administered a battery composed of a Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, a Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory, and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R, to measure the aforementioned theoretical constructs. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), the results showed that the handball players experienced high levels task-involving climate and moderate values of self-confidence. In contrast, players experienced lower levels of ego-involving climate, fear of failure, and cognitive and somatic anxiety. The obtained model shows that fear of failure positively mediates the association between an ego-involving climate with both cognitive and somatic anxiety, and negatively in terms of self-confidence. In contrast, fear of failure does not mediate the associations between a task-involving climate and both somatic and cognitive anxiety and self-confidence.
Manuel Gómez-López; Carla Chicau Borrego; Carlos Marques Da Silva; Antonio Granero-Gallegos; Juan González-Hernández. Effects of Motivational Climate on Fear of Failure and Anxiety in Teen Handball Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 592 .
AMA StyleManuel Gómez-López, Carla Chicau Borrego, Carlos Marques Da Silva, Antonio Granero-Gallegos, Juan González-Hernández. Effects of Motivational Climate on Fear of Failure and Anxiety in Teen Handball Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (2):592.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Gómez-López; Carla Chicau Borrego; Carlos Marques Da Silva; Antonio Granero-Gallegos; Juan González-Hernández. 2020. "Effects of Motivational Climate on Fear of Failure and Anxiety in Teen Handball Players." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2: 592.
The social relevance of endurance sports has increased people’s motivation to engage in these particular physical activities, associating their practice with a particular lifestyle (e.g., feeling victorious and a feeling of self-improvement). Therefore, the dark personality traits (not because they are negative but because they are more hidden), understood as a personal and adaptive response to the psychosocial relationships that athletes establish while practicing these sports. Following these arguments, Grit has been used to trace the response of athletes in their quest to improve performance and endurance in the face of common setbacks suffered as a result of long hours of training. Empirical studies should help to discover how these personality traits can pose real challenges to their adaptation, and what the impact of their psychological response may be in a functional or dysfunctional way [e.g., exercise addiction (EA)], in order to classify them as risk or protective factors. Through transversal design, the present study sought to explore the relationship between Grit and Dark Traits of Personality regarding the appearance of EA in a sample (N = 241) of amateur endurance sport athletes (Mage = 31.80; SD = 9.87). The results show that men not only score higher for addiction levels but also for narcissism (grandiosity feelings) and psychopathy (coldness) factors. If signs of narcissism and Machiavellianism increase, perseverance efforts grow too, and the likelihood of EA increases considerably. The conclusions drawn on the basis of the results allow us to place consistency of interest as a protective factor for the EA, whereas Dark Traits of personality – especially Machiavellianism – constitute a risk factor.
Abel Nogueira; Maribel Tovar-Gálvez; Juan González-Hernández. Do It, Don’t Feel It, and Be Invincible: A Prolog of Exercise Addiction in Endurance Sports. Frontiers in Psychology 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleAbel Nogueira, Maribel Tovar-Gálvez, Juan González-Hernández. Do It, Don’t Feel It, and Be Invincible: A Prolog of Exercise Addiction in Endurance Sports. Frontiers in Psychology. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbel Nogueira; Maribel Tovar-Gálvez; Juan González-Hernández. 2019. "Do It, Don’t Feel It, and Be Invincible: A Prolog of Exercise Addiction in Endurance Sports." Frontiers in Psychology 10, no. : 1.
In the context of physical activity and sport, perfectionism and the regular practice of physical activity are related to psychological well-being and the regulation of psychological resources necessary for adaptation to effort and satisfaction. At the same time, the most active students are also those who show greater appetites for physical education classes. The goal of this work was to identify the influence of perfectionist beliefs and the regularity of the practice of physical exercise on psychological well-being. The participants were adolescents (n = 436) aged between 14 and 19 years (M = 16.80, SD = .77). They were administered the Multidimensional Perfection Scale, the Psychological Wellbeing Scale, the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQv2), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results showed, under a non-random and transversal design, that the participants gave important value to physical exercise because they feel both active and vigorous. Regarding perfectionism, the functional aspects of perfectionism (expectations of achievement and organization) correlated positively, while the dysfunctional aspects (fear of committing errors and external expectations) did so negatively with the importance given to physical exercise performed by adolescents; this in turn positively predicted psychological well-being. In this way, the hypothesized model contemplated the relevance of the included variables and reflected the mediation of the degree of importance given to the practice of physical exercise on perfectionist beliefs and psychological well-being. Currently, most physical activity practice proposals for adolescents focus on federated and structured environments for competition, and those that deal with recreational and health-oriented sports are far less common. Hence, "the perfect way of doing sports" for a teenager should be accompanied by cognitive schemes aimed at strengthening psychological resources that allow the regulation of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.
Juan González-Hernández; Manuel Gómez-López; Jose Antonio Pérez Turpin; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Eliseo Andreu-Cabrera; González- Hernández; Gómez- López; Pérez- Turpin; Muñoz- Villena; Andreu- Cabrera. Perfectly Active Teenagers. When Does Physical Exercise Help Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4525 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Manuel Gómez-López, Jose Antonio Pérez Turpin, Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena, Eliseo Andreu-Cabrera, González- Hernández, Gómez- López, Pérez- Turpin, Muñoz- Villena, Andreu- Cabrera. Perfectly Active Teenagers. When Does Physical Exercise Help Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (22):4525.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Manuel Gómez-López; Jose Antonio Pérez Turpin; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Eliseo Andreu-Cabrera; González- Hernández; Gómez- López; Pérez- Turpin; Muñoz- Villena; Andreu- Cabrera. 2019. "Perfectly Active Teenagers. When Does Physical Exercise Help Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4525.
Introduction: Despite of being scarce, evidence is growing on the existence of a group of overweight and obese individuals who do not consider their weight a risk factor for disease and who associate their weight and body with health, vigor, beauty and well-being. Consequently, they manifest a desire to maintain or even increase their weight. We propose an attempt of nomenclature, Oberexia, for this new social reality, and we describe its main characteristics and present empirical observational findings supporting the existence of this condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and characteristics of Oberexia in a national sample of Spanish 16 to 60-years-old adults. Methodology: Perceptions of body weight/size/shape and composition, and body satisfaction were assessed in overweight and obese adults through silhouettes, questions and discrepancies. Results: One in ten of the participants self-perceived their body as normal in weight or size. A total of 6.5% wanted to have overweight or obese bodies. A case-to-case analysis revealed that 4.2% of the participants wanted to maintain their appearance, and 1.8% wanted a body with greater weight. All these findings are related to fat mass instead of muscle mass. Conclusions: Our results support the existence of a subgroup of overweight and obese individuals who differ from the traditional subgroup of individuals with excess weight who are dissatisfied with their body. We encourage to explore the outcomes on health and the possible clinical implications of this condition.
Débora Godoy Izquierdo; Alejandra Rodríguez Tadeo; María J. Ramírez Molina; Estefanía Navarrón Vallejo; Raquel Lara Moreno; Manuel G. Jiménez Torres; Juan González Hernández. «Oberexia»: The desire to be fat(ter) in adults with excess weight. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 2019, 19, 186 -197.
AMA StyleDébora Godoy Izquierdo, Alejandra Rodríguez Tadeo, María J. Ramírez Molina, Estefanía Navarrón Vallejo, Raquel Lara Moreno, Manuel G. Jiménez Torres, Juan González Hernández. «Oberexia»: The desire to be fat(ter) in adults with excess weight. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte. 2019; 19 (2):186-197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDébora Godoy Izquierdo; Alejandra Rodríguez Tadeo; María J. Ramírez Molina; Estefanía Navarrón Vallejo; Raquel Lara Moreno; Manuel G. Jiménez Torres; Juan González Hernández. 2019. "«Oberexia»: The desire to be fat(ter) in adults with excess weight." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 19, no. 2: 186-197.
Juan González-Hernández; Manuel Gómez-López; Andrés Alarcón-García; Antonio J. Muñoz-Villena. Perfectionism and stress control in adolescents: Differences and relations according to the intensity of sports practice. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 2019, 14, 1 .
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Manuel Gómez-López, Andrés Alarcón-García, Antonio J. Muñoz-Villena. Perfectionism and stress control in adolescents: Differences and relations according to the intensity of sports practice. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 2019; 14 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Manuel Gómez-López; Andrés Alarcón-García; Antonio J. Muñoz-Villena. 2019. "Perfectionism and stress control in adolescents: Differences and relations according to the intensity of sports practice." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 14, no. 1: 1.
Systematic practice of physical activity (PA) in childhood and adolescence enables the development of functional resources for subjective perception of well-being, stimulation of cognitive processes, and construction of the personality. The development of perfectionist beliefs is currently seen as a functional characteristic linked to positive aspects (positive affect, self-esteem, etc.), while its dysfunctional aspects have been associated with anxiety and stress. The aim of this study is to identify which indicators of perfectionism provide functional conditions/skills that, in combination with the level of practice of physical activity, facilitate stress regulation. A sample of 365 adolescents (183 girls and 182 boys) aged between 13 and 17 participated. The results show that as the intensity of physical activity increases, there are significant changes in the indicators for functional perfectionism (high personal standards and organisation), with reference to facilitating (at moderate levels) or limiting (if excessive or absent) perceived stress and, above all, increased intensity of physical activity accentuates dysfunctional perfectionism patterns. This research has made it possible to identify active psychological processes that influence functional or dysfunctional psychological responses in adolescents depending on their level of perfectionism and the intensity of practise of PA.
Juan González-Hernández; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena. Perfectionism and sporting practice. Functional stress regulation in adolescence. Anales de Psicología 2018, 35, 148 -155.
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena. Perfectionism and sporting practice. Functional stress regulation in adolescence. Anales de Psicología. 2018; 35 (1):148-155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena. 2018. "Perfectionism and sporting practice. Functional stress regulation in adolescence." Anales de Psicología 35, no. 1: 148-155.
The objective of this work was to provide evidence on the dimensionality of the Spanish version of Sport Motivation Scale II adapted to physical education (SMS-II-PE) in one of its hypothesized models (6 factors). A sample of 1055 secondary education students of the Region of Murcia, Spain, aged between 12 and 17 years, was used. As an instrument, the SMS-II-PE was used. The factorial structure was examined with confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency and invariance by sex were evaluated. The results confirmed that the Spanish model of 6 factors and 18 items presented good adjustment indicators and is valid for its application in the educational field of Physical Education lessons.
Antonio Granero-Gallegos; Manuel Gómez-López; Juan González-Hernández; Antonio Baena-Extremera; María Del Mar Ortiz-Camacho. Spanish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Sport Motivation Scale-II with High School Physical Education Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2768 .
AMA StyleAntonio Granero-Gallegos, Manuel Gómez-López, Juan González-Hernández, Antonio Baena-Extremera, María Del Mar Ortiz-Camacho. Spanish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Sport Motivation Scale-II with High School Physical Education Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (12):2768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Granero-Gallegos; Manuel Gómez-López; Juan González-Hernández; Antonio Baena-Extremera; María Del Mar Ortiz-Camacho. 2018. "Spanish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Sport Motivation Scale-II with High School Physical Education Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12: 2768.
Stress as an emotional response with adaptive function can obstruct both academic performance and psychosocial and physiological functioning when it is recurrent, persistent, and intense. Individual characteristics and regular physical activity produce differences in ways of coping with pressure situations, stressing the necessity of teenagers handling them in an effective way for their psychological adjustment and well-being. The purpose of this investigation was to identify how the frequency of physical activity and the influence of certain personality traits (perfectionism and perseverance) moderate stress. The sample was composed of 127 teenage students; tests were administered to measure perfectionism, perseverance, perceived stress, including an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire. The results show that particular conditions/skills have a moderating effect on stress perception in students with perfectionist maladaptive tendencies. Training in perseverance allows students to develop resources for handling stress, making it possible to achieve personal standards as well as adapt to one’s context.
Juan González Hernández; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Manuel Gómez-López. Stress Regulation, Physical Activity, and Perseverance in Spanish Teenagers with Perfectionist Trends. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1489 .
AMA StyleJuan González Hernández, Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena, Manuel Gómez-López. Stress Regulation, Physical Activity, and Perseverance in Spanish Teenagers with Perfectionist Trends. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (5):1489.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González Hernández; Antonio Jesús Muñoz-Villena; Manuel Gómez-López. 2018. "Stress Regulation, Physical Activity, and Perseverance in Spanish Teenagers with Perfectionist Trends." Sustainability 10, no. 5: 1489.
Señalar posibles indicadores psicológicos sobre cómo percibe su misma conducta, permite concretar las referencias sobre cómo orientar la misma de cara a ayudar al deportista a crecer a través del deporte que practica. En constante interactividad y bidireccionalidad (tanto positiva como negativa), las vivencias deportivas permiten la percepción de determinadas respuestas psicológicas, así como las características personales ejercen influencias determinantes para la práctica deportiva. Con el objetivo de describir y establecer relaciones entre algunas de estas diferencias individuales y contextuales, se realiza un estudio con una muestra aleatoria de jóvenes deportistas (N = 436). Utilizando cuestionarios de personalidad (BFQ), creencias sobre el éxito (POSQ) y toma de decisiones (CETD), se obtiene que la perseverancia es el indicador más característico de la muestra. Los deportistas federados difieren significativamente en dominancia, perseverancia y apertura a la experiencia, y los que practican deportes colectivos señalan significativamente mejor cooperación y apertura a la cultura que los que practican deportes individuales, que se orientan a ser más dominantes y estar más abiertos a nuevas experiencias. Además, los federados indican significativamente que están peor en ansiedad y que tienen un nivel más alto en competencia y compromiso para la toma de decisiones. Estos datos se reafirman cuando se establecen relaciones de correlación entre las variables estudiadas.
Juan González-Hernández; Paula Rocamora; Francisco José Ortín; Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos. Diferencias individuales, creencias de éxito y respuesta para tomar decisiones en diferentes tipologías del deportista. Aloma: Revista de Psicologia, Ciències de l'Educació i de l'Esport 2018, 36, 41 -50.
AMA StyleJuan González-Hernández, Paula Rocamora, Francisco José Ortín, Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos. Diferencias individuales, creencias de éxito y respuesta para tomar decisiones en diferentes tipologías del deportista. Aloma: Revista de Psicologia, Ciències de l'Educació i de l'Esport. 2018; 36 (1):41-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan González-Hernández; Paula Rocamora; Francisco José Ortín; Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos. 2018. "Diferencias individuales, creencias de éxito y respuesta para tomar decisiones en diferentes tipologías del deportista." Aloma: Revista de Psicologia, Ciències de l'Educació i de l'Esport 36, no. 1: 41-50.
La conducta del individuo se regula de acuerdo a unos objetivos que reflejan una concepción de sí mismo y del entorno. Conocer las motivaciones que desencadenan la conducta de los seres humanos en una dirección determinada, es sumamente interesante y más aún si somos capaces de determinar patrones y relaciones con el resto de características que componen a una persona. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido desarrollar una versión reducida del Cuestionario de Metas para Adolescentes (CMA; Sanz de Acedo Lizarraga, Ugarte, & Lumbreras, 2003) para su uso en la detección metas que persiguen los adolescentes. Utilizando el CFA se analiza la estructura dimensional de las metas en una muestra de 1385 participantes, 694 varones (51.1%) y 691 mujeres (49.9%), con una edad media de 15.13 años (DT = 1.88).Los resultados indican que tanto el CMA original como la versión reducida (CMA-R) presentan un comportamiento psicométrico sólido y adecuado. Los niveles de consistencia interna para las distintas dimensiones de la versión original oscilan entre .875 y .664, y para la versión reducida entre .845 y .656. Las correlaciones entre las dimensiones de ambas versiones son elevadas y estadísticamente significativas.
Clara López Mora; Juan González Hernández; Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos Ruiz; Alberto Portoles Ariño. Versión reducida del cuestionario CMA de Metas para Adolescentes (CMA-R). Revista de Investigación Educativa 2017, 35, 445 -464.
AMA StyleClara López Mora, Juan González Hernández, Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos Ruiz, Alberto Portoles Ariño. Versión reducida del cuestionario CMA de Metas para Adolescentes (CMA-R). Revista de Investigación Educativa. 2017; 35 (2):445-464.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara López Mora; Juan González Hernández; Enrique Javier Garcés De Los Fayos Ruiz; Alberto Portoles Ariño. 2017. "Versión reducida del cuestionario CMA de Metas para Adolescentes (CMA-R)." Revista de Investigación Educativa 35, no. 2: 445-464.