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Stanisław Parafiniuk
Department of Machinery Exploitation and Management of Production Processes, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland

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Journal article
Published: 17 March 2021 in Sustainability
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The European Standard ISO 16122-2:2015 requires that the coefficient of variation for sprayed liquid fall should not exceed 10%. Field sprayers generate a stream of liquid sprayed at an angle that depends on the design of the nozzles. Among field boom sprayers, previous methods for selecting the shape of the opening of a single-slotted spray nozzle have been based on the following rectangular, triangular, normal, beta, and truncated normal distributions; distribution obtained from a nozzle with a stream in the form of an empty cone; and glued square functions. These methods, however, have provided a limited range of uniformity. Consequently, the initial assumption that the monotonicity of the function corresponds to the shape of a quarter of the symmetrical oval nozzle opening allows for a full computerized optimization of nozzle shape with a spray angle of α = 110° (or α = 120°). In this case, the spray uniformity parameter is controlled and freely declines almost to zero. In this study, based on the nonlinear shape obtained, we developed the shape of the nozzle outlet opening with a coefficient of variation of 0.388% using spline linear functions. Further applications of the symmetry of the developed model would allow for multiple modifications of the shape of this opening, and therefore, without changing the spray uniformity parameter, nozzles with slightly different characteristics could be obtained.

ACS Style

Jacek Wawrzosek; Stanisław Parafiniuk. Optimization of the Opening Shape in Slot Spray Nozzles in a Field Boom Sprayer. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3291 .

AMA Style

Jacek Wawrzosek, Stanisław Parafiniuk. Optimization of the Opening Shape in Slot Spray Nozzles in a Field Boom Sprayer. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3291.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacek Wawrzosek; Stanisław Parafiniuk. 2021. "Optimization of the Opening Shape in Slot Spray Nozzles in a Field Boom Sprayer." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3291.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2020 in Agronomy
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The operation of an agricultural biogas plant is associated with the formation of a large amount of digestate. The basic trend in digestate management, after taking into account its physicochemical properties, should be its use as a fertilizer. The possibility of the agricultural use of digestate as a fertilizer was determined. Digestate obtained from the agricultural biogas plant was tested for the content of macronutrients and heavy metals. The content of macronutrients was also determined in soil for winter rape cultivation. The analysis showed an increase in the yield depending on the digestate dose applied. In addition, an increase in the fat and protein content was found in winter rape seeds. The best results of mean values were obtained during the application of the 50,000 L ha−1 dose. The average diameter of the stem base was 1.48 cm. The average height was 36.20 cm. The seed yield was 3.44 t ha−1. The thousand seed weight was - 5.34 g. The fat and protein contents were 43.62% and 22.95%, respectively. By applying a digestate dose of 50,000 l ha−1, the highest content of macronutrients, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (31.17%), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (61.89%) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (6.87%), was recorded.

ACS Style

Milan Koszel; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Agnieszka Szparaga; Andrzej Bochniak; Sławomir Kocira; Atanas Zdravkov Atanasov; Stepan Kovalyshyn. Impact of Digestate Application as a Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Winter Rape Seed. Agronomy 2020, 10, 878 .

AMA Style

Milan Koszel, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Agnieszka Szparaga, Andrzej Bochniak, Sławomir Kocira, Atanas Zdravkov Atanasov, Stepan Kovalyshyn. Impact of Digestate Application as a Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Winter Rape Seed. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (6):878.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Milan Koszel; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Agnieszka Szparaga; Andrzej Bochniak; Sławomir Kocira; Atanas Zdravkov Atanasov; Stepan Kovalyshyn. 2020. "Impact of Digestate Application as a Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Winter Rape Seed." Agronomy 10, no. 6: 878.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Energies
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This paper presents an analysis of selected qualitative characteristics of pellets produced from rape straw obtained from cultivations subjected to different fertilization treatments and from mixtures of straw selected for testing with crude glycerol obtained as a by-product from biodiesel production. The assessment focused on the following qualities of the obtained pellets: Moisture content, mechanical durability, heating value and main elements, that is, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine and oxygen. The obtained results indicated that the different treatment regimens applied in spring rape cultivations had a significant impact on the physicochemical qualities of the straw. In terms of the heating value, traditional fertilization with multi-component fertilizer (NPK) yielded slightly lower chemical parameters (lower carbon content and heat of combustion) than in the case of straw obtained from the control sample and from the plot fertilized with digestate. Furthermore, in all of the analysed mixtures, the 10% addition of raw glycerol improved the mechanical characteristics of the produced straw pellets. After the 10% glycerol addition, in terms of the energetic use of these biofuels, the parameters of the fuel, such as heating value and net heating value, were slightly decreased.

ACS Style

Magdalena Kachel; Artur Kraszkiewicz; Alaa Subr; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Artur Przywara; Milan Koszel; Grzegorz Zając. Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets. Energies 2020, 13, 819 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Kachel, Artur Kraszkiewicz, Alaa Subr, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Artur Przywara, Milan Koszel, Grzegorz Zając. Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets. Energies. 2020; 13 (4):819.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Kachel; Artur Kraszkiewicz; Alaa Subr; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Artur Przywara; Milan Koszel; Grzegorz Zając. 2020. "Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets." Energies 13, no. 4: 819.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2019 in Agricultural Engineering
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The aim of the study was to assess the selected physical characteristics of the briquettes of English ryegrass waste biomass and its mixtures with waste components from the agri-food industry: pea husks and oat middlings. The raw materials used for the tests are characterized by high calorific value and low ash content. Among the tested raw materials, the most favorable values were recorded for oat middlings in this respect. The produced briquettes were characterized by high volumetric density and very diverse mechanical durability. At the same time, the results of the tests on the mechanical durability of briquettes indicated that the use of components of ryegrass mixtures selected for testing brought unsatisfactory results, as compared to other analyzed physical and energy features.

ACS Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz; Ignacy Niedziółka; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Maciej Sprawka; Małgorzata Dula. Assessment of Selected Physical Characteristics of the English Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) Waste Biomass Briquettes. Agricultural Engineering 2019, 23, 21 -30.

AMA Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz, Ignacy Niedziółka, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Maciej Sprawka, Małgorzata Dula. Assessment of Selected Physical Characteristics of the English Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) Waste Biomass Briquettes. Agricultural Engineering. 2019; 23 (4):21-30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz; Ignacy Niedziółka; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Maciej Sprawka; Małgorzata Dula. 2019. "Assessment of Selected Physical Characteristics of the English Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) Waste Biomass Briquettes." Agricultural Engineering 23, no. 4: 21-30.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2019 in Sustainability
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The effectiveness and quality of agricultural spraying largely depends on the technical efficiency of the nozzles installed in agricultural sprayers. The uniform spraying of plants results in a decrease in the amount of pesticides used in agricultural production and affects environmental safety. Both newly developed sprayers and those currently in use need quality control as well as an assessment of the performance of the spraying process, especially its uniformity. However, the models applied presently do not ensure accurate estimates or predictions of the spray liquid coverage uniformity of the treated surface. Generally, the distribution of the atomized liquid quantity is symmetrical and leptokurtic, which means that it does not fit well to the commonly used standard distribution. Therefore, there is a need to develop and design new tools for the evaluation, modeling, and prediction of such a process. The research problem studied in the present work was to find a new model for the distribution of atomized liquid quantity that could provide capabilities better than have been available so far to assess and predict the spraying process results. The research problem was solved through the formulation of a new function for the probability density distribution of sprayed liquid accumulation on the surface of the preset dimension size. The development of the new model was based on the results from a series of water atomization tests with an appropriate measurement device design based on the widely applied flat fan nozzles (AZ-MM type).

ACS Style

Paweł A. Kluza; Izabela Kuna-Broniowska; Stanisław Parafiniuk. Modeling and Prediction of the Uniformity of Spray Liquid Coverage from Flat Fan Spray Nozzles. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6716 .

AMA Style

Paweł A. Kluza, Izabela Kuna-Broniowska, Stanisław Parafiniuk. Modeling and Prediction of the Uniformity of Spray Liquid Coverage from Flat Fan Spray Nozzles. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6716.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł A. Kluza; Izabela Kuna-Broniowska; Stanisław Parafiniuk. 2019. "Modeling and Prediction of the Uniformity of Spray Liquid Coverage from Flat Fan Spray Nozzles." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6716.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2019 in LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
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The experiment evaluated the effect of plant extracts on germination and contamination of Vicia fabia seed “Bobas” variety of horse beans. The materials used for the studies were aqueous extracts made of 40 plant species. The studies aimed to indicate those plant species, which extracts limited their contamination, simultaneously having a stimulating impact on seeds germination. The germination capability of seeds stimulated extracts from green parts of Satureja hortensis, Zea mays stigmata, Verbascum thapsiforme flowers. The number of seeds colonised by microorganisms was limited by extracts from Zea mays stigmata, Taraxacum officinale roots, Urtica dioica leaves. The analysis of the germination capability of seeds and their contamination by germs showed that extracts prepared in the form of brew had the most favourable effect. All forms of extracts from green parts of Artemisia vulgaris,Taraxacum officinale roots,Urtica dioica leaves had the most favourable effect on germination of horse bean seeds and at the same time on limitation of their contamination.

ACS Style

S. Parafiniuk; E. Czerwiñska. In vitro Allelopathic Effects of Plant Extracts on Germination of Vicia fabia (partim) Seeds. LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

S. Parafiniuk, E. Czerwiñska. In vitro Allelopathic Effects of Plant Extracts on Germination of Vicia fabia (partim) Seeds. LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL. 2019; (of):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Parafiniuk; E. Czerwiñska. 2019. "In vitro Allelopathic Effects of Plant Extracts on Germination of Vicia fabia (partim) Seeds." LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL , no. of: 1.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2019 in Applied Sciences
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During testing, the possibility of using hemp biomass for energy purposes was assessed. The criteria assessed were the physical and chemical properties of hemp biomass, as well as the combustion process of straw and briquettes made of it in a low-power boiler. The results were made and compared with currently applicable standards. Technical and chemical properties of hemp biomass are comparable with the best plants used for energy purposes. Studies have also shown the susceptibility of hemp biomass compaction. However, large emissions recorded during the combustion of the tested forms of biofuels from hemp straw in light of applicable standards disqualify this fuel for use in grate-type heating devices with air fed under the grate. It would be advisable to carry out research on the total costs of pellet production and their use in heating devices with a retort burner, while taking into account this biofuel’s ashes’ susceptibility of sintering.

ACS Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz; Magdalena Kachel; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Grzegorz Zając; Ignacy Niedziółka; Maciej Sprawka. Assessment of the Possibility of Using Hemp Biomass (Cannabis Sativa L.) for Energy Purposes: A Case Study. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 4437 .

AMA Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz, Magdalena Kachel, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Grzegorz Zając, Ignacy Niedziółka, Maciej Sprawka. Assessment of the Possibility of Using Hemp Biomass (Cannabis Sativa L.) for Energy Purposes: A Case Study. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (20):4437.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Artur Kraszkiewicz; Magdalena Kachel; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Grzegorz Zając; Ignacy Niedziółka; Maciej Sprawka. 2019. "Assessment of the Possibility of Using Hemp Biomass (Cannabis Sativa L.) for Energy Purposes: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20: 4437.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2019 in Agricultural Engineering
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Three different types of nozzles (different wear rate) were used in this study. They are classified depending on the severity of their wear to three groups: new, worn and damaged nozzles. Those nozzles were spraying with the same application rate (303 l/ha) on two-year field trials; this was achieved by changing the spraying pressure for each group of nozzles in order to get the same application rate. This practice is usually done by operators of sprayers, who calibrate the sprayers on the same application rate every year without changing the nozzles, so they tend to reduce the spraying pressure in order to compensate the flow rate increase due to the nozzles yearly wear. Two types of plant growth regulators (PGR) agents were used in this study, namely: Moddus and Kelpak, they were applied to wheat plants field to reduce lodging. The results showed that applying PGR in the year 2015 produced an increase in the wheat yield and reduction in the plant height regardless the nozzle type, although there was not any occurrence of wheat lodging. In the year 2016, the new nozzles produced higher values of wheat yield than other two types of nozzles.

ACS Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Alaa Kamel Subr; Marek Milanowski; Anna Krawczuk. Comparing Nozzles with Different Wear Rate and Working with the Same Application Rate of Different Plant Protection Products in Aspect of Plants Condition. Agricultural Engineering 2019, 23, 49 -56.

AMA Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk, Alaa Kamel Subr, Marek Milanowski, Anna Krawczuk. Comparing Nozzles with Different Wear Rate and Working with the Same Application Rate of Different Plant Protection Products in Aspect of Plants Condition. Agricultural Engineering. 2019; 23 (2):49-56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Alaa Kamel Subr; Marek Milanowski; Anna Krawczuk. 2019. "Comparing Nozzles with Different Wear Rate and Working with the Same Application Rate of Different Plant Protection Products in Aspect of Plants Condition." Agricultural Engineering 23, no. 2: 49-56.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2017 in Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium
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ACS Style

Marek Milanowski; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Anna Krawczuk; Alaa Subr. INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER-ADJUVANT MIXTURE ON THE DROPLET STAINS DEPOSITING ON AN ARTIFICIAL TARGET. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Marek Milanowski, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Anna Krawczuk, Alaa Subr. INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER-ADJUVANT MIXTURE ON THE DROPLET STAINS DEPOSITING ON AN ARTIFICIAL TARGET. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium. 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marek Milanowski; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Anna Krawczuk; Alaa Subr. 2017. "INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER-ADJUVANT MIXTURE ON THE DROPLET STAINS DEPOSITING ON AN ARTIFICIAL TARGET." Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2017 in Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium
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ACS Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Marek Milanowski; Alaa Subr; Anna Krawczuk. INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TENSION OF WATER ON DROPLET SIZE PRODUCED BY FLAT JET NOZZLES. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk, Marek Milanowski, Alaa Subr, Anna Krawczuk. INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TENSION OF WATER ON DROPLET SIZE PRODUCED BY FLAT JET NOZZLES. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium. 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Marek Milanowski; Alaa Subr; Anna Krawczuk. 2017. "INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TENSION OF WATER ON DROPLET SIZE PRODUCED BY FLAT JET NOZZLES." Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2017 in Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium
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ACS Style

Alaa Subr; Marek Milanowski; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Józef Sawa. TESTING THE UNIFORMITY OF SPRAY DISTRIBUTION UNDER DIFFERENT APPLICATION PARAMETERS. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Alaa Subr, Marek Milanowski, Stanisław Parafiniuk, Józef Sawa. TESTING THE UNIFORMITY OF SPRAY DISTRIBUTION UNDER DIFFERENT APPLICATION PARAMETERS. Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium. 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alaa Subr; Marek Milanowski; Stanisław Parafiniuk; Józef Sawa. 2017. "TESTING THE UNIFORMITY OF SPRAY DISTRIBUTION UNDER DIFFERENT APPLICATION PARAMETERS." Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture, IX International Scientific Symposium , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2016 in Agricultural Engineering
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Agricultural nozzles usually produce a different drops size depending on the pressure and the physical condition (work life) of the nozzle besides producing a wide range of the drops spectrum in the spray cloud. In this paper the standard flat fan nozzles were investigated regarding the effect of the working pressure and the nozzle physical condition (new and worn nozzles). The size of drops and the spectrum of drops across the long axis of the spray pattern were examined by using Sympatec GmbH Laser Diffraction. Reducing the working pressure from 3 to 2 and then to 1 caused production of larger drops, also using worn nozzles (especially with lower pressure) changed the drops size which is expected to be produced from the new nozzles. The standard flat fan nozzles produced a wide range of the drops spectrum inside the spray cloud, generally small drops (less than 150 µm) concentrated in the middle of the spray pattern while the big drops (250-350µm) were situated on the edge positions (70 cm from the centerline) of the spray pattern.

ACS Style

Alaa Kamel Subr; Józef Sawa; Stanisław Parafiniuk. The Change in Spectrum of Drops in the Exploitation Process of Agricultural Nozzles. Agricultural Engineering 2016, 20, 101 -108.

AMA Style

Alaa Kamel Subr, Józef Sawa, Stanisław Parafiniuk. The Change in Spectrum of Drops in the Exploitation Process of Agricultural Nozzles. Agricultural Engineering. 2016; 20 (2):101-108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alaa Kamel Subr; Józef Sawa; Stanisław Parafiniuk. 2016. "The Change in Spectrum of Drops in the Exploitation Process of Agricultural Nozzles." Agricultural Engineering 20, no. 2: 101-108.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia
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The aim of the studies was to check if the quality of water, which was taken from different sources, to plant protection treatments influences the change of the droplet size generated by an agricultural nozzle. For the study water taken from 3 different sources was used and demineralized water was used as a reference. The water quality was evaluated as far as its hardness was concerned. Water hardness was measured with a droplet test. One of the most frequently used by farmers type of agricultural nozzle TeeJet VP of the size 110/02 was used in the study. The study was performed in two combinations. One of them was carried out for the pure water and the second one for water with addition of agricultural spray adjuvant Superam 10AL. The measurements were done with three pressure values: 2 bar, 3 bar and 4 bar in three repetitions. The droplet size was measured with a laser diffractometer HELOS/R by Sympatec. The study showed that water hardness did not have any significant influence on the droplet size formed by agricultural nozzles. Adding of agricultural spray adjuvant to the water did not cause any significant change in the droplet size, however, the difference in water hardness caused the decrease of a diameter of formed droplets. The results were compared in a tabular and graphic form. In the next phase of the study for individual types of waters agricultural spray adjuvant was added to check how it influences the change of the size of droplets produced by the nozzles with sliding pressure in the whole range of the stream sprayed by the nozzle.

ACS Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Marek Milanowski; Alaa Kamel Subr. The Influence of the Water Quality on the Droplet Spectrum Produced by Agricultural Nozzles. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 2015, 7, 203 -208.

AMA Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk, Marek Milanowski, Alaa Kamel Subr. The Influence of the Water Quality on the Droplet Spectrum Produced by Agricultural Nozzles. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 2015; 7 ():203-208.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Parafiniuk; Marek Milanowski; Alaa Kamel Subr. 2015. "The Influence of the Water Quality on the Droplet Spectrum Produced by Agricultural Nozzles." Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 7, no. : 203-208.