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Marina Knickel
Department of Agriculture, University of Pisa, Food and Environment (DAFE), I-56124 Pisa, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 11 May 2021 in Land
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This article focuses on the question of how a shift from a narrow economic perspective to a wider sustainable wellbeing focus in regional development strategies and actions might change rural–urban relations. A brief review of relevant research and discourses about economic development models provides the foundation for the analysis. The review leads to the development of an analytical framework that puts the notion of sustainable wellbeing at its center. The criteria included in the analytical framework are then used to assess the current situation, challenges and perceived ways forward based on data and analyses from 11 European regions. The focus of the analysis is on different expressions of a sustainable wellbeing economy, and aspects of territorial development that are consistent with the basic features of a wellbeing economy are identified. Development dynamics and tensions between different development goals and resource uses, strategies and actions that are in favor of sustainable wellbeing goals, and conditions for more mutually beneficial rural–urban relationships are discussed. The article concludes with the implications for local government, and governance and policy frameworks. Reference is made to current high-level strategic policy frameworks and the European Green Deal.

ACS Style

Karlheinz Knickel; Alexandra Almeida; Francesca Galli; Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger; Bryonny Goodwin-Hawkins; Mojca Hrabar; Daniel Keech; Marina Knickel; Olli Lehtonen; Damian Maye; Irune Ruiz-Martinez; Sandra Šūmane; Hans Vulto; Johannes Wiskerke. Transitioning towards a Sustainable Wellbeing Economy—Implications for Rural–Urban Relations. Land 2021, 10, 512 .

AMA Style

Karlheinz Knickel, Alexandra Almeida, Francesca Galli, Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger, Bryonny Goodwin-Hawkins, Mojca Hrabar, Daniel Keech, Marina Knickel, Olli Lehtonen, Damian Maye, Irune Ruiz-Martinez, Sandra Šūmane, Hans Vulto, Johannes Wiskerke. Transitioning towards a Sustainable Wellbeing Economy—Implications for Rural–Urban Relations. Land. 2021; 10 (5):512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karlheinz Knickel; Alexandra Almeida; Francesca Galli; Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger; Bryonny Goodwin-Hawkins; Mojca Hrabar; Daniel Keech; Marina Knickel; Olli Lehtonen; Damian Maye; Irune Ruiz-Martinez; Sandra Šūmane; Hans Vulto; Johannes Wiskerke. 2021. "Transitioning towards a Sustainable Wellbeing Economy—Implications for Rural–Urban Relations." Land 10, no. 5: 512.

Journal article
Published: 10 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Decision-makers, planners and administrators involved in different policy domains at different governance levels face the important challenge of fostering more balanced, sustainable and territorially integrated development. Well-designed, multi-level, multi-sector and multi-actor governance arrangements can play a key role in this process through orchestrating the interplay between different spheres, activities, actors and interests. In this paper, we examine the role of spatial planning in improving the relations between rural, peri-urban and urban areas. We analyse the strengths and limitations of spatial planning and explore the connections with territorial development. The methodology used for this analysis combines regional case studies in seven European locations—Ede, Frankfurt/Rhein-Main, Styria/Graz, Helsinki, Lisbon, Lucca and Mid Wales, with rapid appraisals, the analysis of published data, expert judgement and triangulation. We ask under which conditions spatial planning can induce more balanced, sustainable territorial relations, and look at the contribution planning can make to achieving sustainable development goals. The problem of ineffective (or toothless) plan implementation provides the entry point into the analysis and discussion. We illustrate why mutually beneficial relations between urban, peri-urban and rural communities (and territories) cannot simply be planned. Instead, these relationships need to be supported by strategies, policy instruments and governance arrangements that foster synergies between different actors and activities. The planning process itself needs to become more transparent and participatory. We conclude that the questions addressed in this article in an exploratory fashion merit further research especially as a more sustainable and territorially integrated development is becoming increasingly important in European policy making.

ACS Style

Karlheinz Knickel; Alexandra Almeida; Lisa Bauchinger; Maria Casini; Bernd Gassler; Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger; Jesse Heley; Reinhard Henke; Marina Knickel; Henk Oostindie; Ulla Ovaska; Carlos Pina; Massimo Rovai; Hans Vulto; Johannes Wiskerke. Towards More Balanced Territorial Relations—The Role (and Limitations) of Spatial Planning as a Governance Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5308 .

AMA Style

Karlheinz Knickel, Alexandra Almeida, Lisa Bauchinger, Maria Casini, Bernd Gassler, Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger, Jesse Heley, Reinhard Henke, Marina Knickel, Henk Oostindie, Ulla Ovaska, Carlos Pina, Massimo Rovai, Hans Vulto, Johannes Wiskerke. Towards More Balanced Territorial Relations—The Role (and Limitations) of Spatial Planning as a Governance Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karlheinz Knickel; Alexandra Almeida; Lisa Bauchinger; Maria Casini; Bernd Gassler; Kerstin Hausegger-Nestelberger; Jesse Heley; Reinhard Henke; Marina Knickel; Henk Oostindie; Ulla Ovaska; Carlos Pina; Massimo Rovai; Hans Vulto; Johannes Wiskerke. 2021. "Towards More Balanced Territorial Relations—The Role (and Limitations) of Spatial Planning as a Governance Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5308.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Existing research suggests that regions can develop their long-term competitive advantage through well-functioning interregional innovation cooperation. In this article, we use the example of innovation in small and medium-sized agri-food enterprises (SMEs) to scrutinise and compare regional innovation approaches on each side of the Dutch-German border and explore how they can converge into a cross-border innovation space. Particular attention is paid to the role of academic institutions and innovation brokers in creating a common innovation space. We explore how differences between two cross-border regions can be harnessed to enhance the impact of innovation, and how this may lead to what we describe as hybridisation effects. In the empirical analysis, we apply the concept of hybridisation to a cross-border innovation space, something that, as far as we are aware, has not been done before. We empirically ground the concepts of a cross-border innovation space and hybridisation and illustrate how relative regional strengths can lead to hybridisation effects. We conclude that differences in economic structures, institutional set-ups, visions and identities inherent in cross-border spaces are not only hindrances, but also opportunities, and we highlight the importance of these complementary strengths and the potential for their strategic use by regional innovation actors. Our findings are highly relevant for the further development of the Interreg Europe programme and the implementation of the EU’s Territorial Agenda 2030.

ACS Style

Marina Knickel; Sabine Neuberger; Laurens Klerkx; Karlheinz Knickel; Gianluca Brunori; Helmut Saatkamp. Strengthening the Role of Academic Institutions and Innovation Brokers in Agri-Food Innovation: Towards Hybridisation in Cross-Border Cooperation. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4899 .

AMA Style

Marina Knickel, Sabine Neuberger, Laurens Klerkx, Karlheinz Knickel, Gianluca Brunori, Helmut Saatkamp. Strengthening the Role of Academic Institutions and Innovation Brokers in Agri-Food Innovation: Towards Hybridisation in Cross-Border Cooperation. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4899.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina Knickel; Sabine Neuberger; Laurens Klerkx; Karlheinz Knickel; Gianluca Brunori; Helmut Saatkamp. 2021. "Strengthening the Role of Academic Institutions and Innovation Brokers in Agri-Food Innovation: Towards Hybridisation in Cross-Border Cooperation." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4899.

Review
Published: 22 November 2019 in Sustainability
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Scholars in sustainability science as well as research funders increasingly recognize that a shift from disciplinary and interdisciplinary science to transdisciplinary (TD) research is required to address ever more complex sustainability challenges. Evidence shows that addressing real-world societal problems can be best achieved through collaborative research where diverse actors contribute different kinds of knowledge. While the potential benefits of TD research are widely recognized, its implementation remains a challenge. In this article, we develop a framework that supports reflection and co-learning. Our approach fosters monitoring of the collaboration processes, helps to assess the progress made and encourages continuous reflection and improvement of the research processes. The TD co-learning framework has four dimensions and 44 criteria. It is based on a substantial literature review and was tested in a Horizon 2020-funded research project ROBUST, which is applying experimental governance techniques to improve rural-urban relations in eleven European regions. The results demonstrate that the framework covers the key facets of TD collaboration and that all four broad dimensions matter. Each research-practice team reflected on how their collaboration is going and what needs to be improved. Indeed, the coordination team was able to see how well TD collaboration is functioning at a project level. We believe the framework will be valuable for actors involved in the planning and implementation of any type of multi-actor, interactive, innovation, transformation and action-oriented research project.

ACS Style

Marina Knickel; Karlheinz Knickel; Francesca Galli; Damian Maye; Johannes S. C. Wiskerke. Towards a Reflexive Framework for Fostering Co—Learning and Improvement of Transdisciplinary Collaboration. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6602 .

AMA Style

Marina Knickel, Karlheinz Knickel, Francesca Galli, Damian Maye, Johannes S. C. Wiskerke. Towards a Reflexive Framework for Fostering Co—Learning and Improvement of Transdisciplinary Collaboration. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina Knickel; Karlheinz Knickel; Francesca Galli; Damian Maye; Johannes S. C. Wiskerke. 2019. "Towards a Reflexive Framework for Fostering Co—Learning and Improvement of Transdisciplinary Collaboration." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6602.