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Dinesh Surroop
Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius

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Journal article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Climate
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Energy efficiency and conservation policy continues to take the proverbial “backseat” to energy access and renewable energy policy discourses in small island developing states (SIDS). In this study, we intend to motivate the energy efficiency policy agenda to encourage more action. To do so, we review the current energy challenges in SIDS and the role of energy efficiency in addressing those challenges, discuss the trends in the rate of improvement in energy efficiency in SIDS, exhibit an updated list of energy efficiency programs and initiatives being implemented in SIDS, consider barriers to energy efficiency implementation and set forth a policy-focused plan to accelerate action. Barriers for the adoption of energy efficiency policies continue to be institutional and policy- and governance-oriented; economic and financial; informational; and technical. A four-pronged policy advancement approach tackling initiation, incentivization, information and investment is recommended to tap the potential gains from energy efficiency. We attempt here, based on our findings, to offer a more practically executable plan of action, focusing squarely on combining institutional arrangements, policy requirements and current energy efficiency affairs in SIDS.

ACS Style

Kalim Shah; Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop. An Institutional-Based Governance Framework for Energy Efficiency Promotion in Small Island Developing States. Climate 2021, 9, 95 .

AMA Style

Kalim Shah, Pravesh Raghoo, Dinesh Surroop. An Institutional-Based Governance Framework for Energy Efficiency Promotion in Small Island Developing States. Climate. 2021; 9 (6):95.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kalim Shah; Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop. 2021. "An Institutional-Based Governance Framework for Energy Efficiency Promotion in Small Island Developing States." Climate 9, no. 6: 95.

Reference work
Published: 01 June 2021 in Handbook of Climate Change Management
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Climate change is regarded as a perpetual menace to economic boost and livelihoods of vulnerable countries. Although its contribution to global carbon dioxide emissions is insignificant, IPCC has categorized Africa as one of the world’s most sensitive area to the effects of climate change. The repercussions of climate change are impacting both natural and human systems in Africa. Economically, the African society depends majorly on sectors like agriculture and fisheries among others. With these being climate-sensitive sectors, the livelihood of a large portion of the continent is put into question. Over the last 10 years, distinct damage has been brought upon by weather changes in the African continent, affecting infrastructures, economic activities, and employment. The literature of African countries’ vulnerability remains quite rich; however, the specifics are frequently hidden by narratives focusing on the broader aspect of biophysical impacts, hence underlining superficial references to socio and economic dimensions. In light of the rapid economic expansion, Africa is now faced by the twin challenges of energy security and improved resilience and sustainability. The purpose is, therefore, to accentuate on the major social, environmental, and economic climate-related trends in Africa and simultaneously drawing attention to African sustainable efforts underway and elucidating the opportunities for resilience building in the African continent, beyond its geographical and poverty restrictions.

ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Transitioning from Vulnerability to Resilience Building: Climate Change in Africa. Handbook of Climate Change Management 2021, 1 -27.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Transitioning from Vulnerability to Resilience Building: Climate Change in Africa. Handbook of Climate Change Management. 2021; ():1-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. 2021. "Transitioning from Vulnerability to Resilience Building: Climate Change in Africa." Handbook of Climate Change Management , no. : 1-27.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2021 in Energies
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The building sector is responsible for 43% of France’s final energy consumption and is strongly associated with a high environmental impact due to its high consumption of energy and natural resources. These impacts are significant in isolated islands. Due to its geographical isolation and an area of 2512 km2, Reunion Island has a heavily carbon-based economy with a high import rate of raw materials for the building sector. This study aimed to investigate the effect of electricity mix decarbonization on residential house environmental impact. The methodology consists of three parts: (i) evaluating environmental impacts of Single-Family Houses (SFH) using life cyce assessment(LCA), (ii) defining SFH typologies using the K-means clustering algorithm, and (iii) implementing energy scenario in LCA of SFH to assess decarbonization effect. The environmental results were particularly sensitive in the operational phase, with a decrease of 83% between 2020 to 2040 of the global warming potential (GWP). The structural phase highlights the weight of imports in the building sector, as a decrease of only 1% is observed. This study clearly shows the necessary energy transition for Reunion Island. In the structural phase, the study recommends that stakeholders reduce imports and increase the share of recovered materials to achieve a substantial reduction in impacts.

ACS Style

Leslie Ayagapin; Jean Praene; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar; Dinesh Surroop. Prospective Life Cycle Assessment: Effect of Electricity Decarbonization in Building Sector. Energies 2021, 14, 3184 .

AMA Style

Leslie Ayagapin, Jean Praene, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar, Dinesh Surroop. Prospective Life Cycle Assessment: Effect of Electricity Decarbonization in Building Sector. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leslie Ayagapin; Jean Praene; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar; Dinesh Surroop. 2021. "Prospective Life Cycle Assessment: Effect of Electricity Decarbonization in Building Sector." Energies 14, no. 11: 3184.

Reference work
Published: 04 May 2021 in Handbook of Climate Change Management
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Attaining transformational change from a fossil-based unsustainable living to a low-carbon and climate-resilient lifestyle necessitates huge investment and a social paradigm shift. In Mauritius, several projects are being carried out to improve the island’s immunity against climate change effects. These upgrades include early warning systems, restoration of natural barriers such as mangrove forests, and increasing efforts on part of the authorities to support citizens into avoiding hazards prone areas for construction. However, is it enough for climate change adaptation or decreasing the island’s risk index of this century and beyond? Tuned to be part of the global paradigm shift created by youth climate activists, several groups of Mauritian youths have created their climate activism society to address local authorities reactions towards climate change adaptation issues. These youth are expressing their disagreement with the social, economic, and environmental practices that affect climate change. However it is obvious in Mauritius just like in other countries that not all systems of climate activism have the same bearing. On the other side, this paper portraits numerous businesses and private-owned companies in Mauritius are fighting to close the gap of inadequate action, through the development of niche markets for sustainable living. These niches include sustainable housing options, plastic-free shopping, bulk shopping, promotion of bio/chemical-free products and the constant competition among shops to come up with plastic-free packaging such as corn-starch-derived cups for coffee shops.

ACS Style

Nabilah B. Hassen; Dinesh Surroop. Unconventional Local Climate Change Niche in Mauritius. Handbook of Climate Change Management 2021, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Nabilah B. Hassen, Dinesh Surroop. Unconventional Local Climate Change Niche in Mauritius. Handbook of Climate Change Management. 2021; ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nabilah B. Hassen; Dinesh Surroop. 2021. "Unconventional Local Climate Change Niche in Mauritius." Handbook of Climate Change Management , no. : 1-12.

Review
Published: 10 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Tourism-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a central driver of anthropogenic climate change. At the same time, climate change has both direct and indirect impacts on tourism, varying from damages of tourist assets due to extreme weather events, to losses of biodiversity. Small island developing states (SIDS) heavily depend on international tourism as a source of revenue and income. Therefore, much could be gained by assessing the vulnerability of the SIDS tourism sector and by identifying measures that may assist these islands in their sustainable adaptation efforts. Against this background, this interdisciplinary paper provides a review of tourism development and the implications of its emissions on the global climate, linked with observed and projected influences of climate change in the Pacific region, to explain the growing vulnerability of the overall sector, with a particular focus on SIDS tourism. A description of the effects of COVID-19 on international tourism and its consequences for SIDS complement the analysis. Case studies of two Pacific islands present some evidence of current climate impacts, underscoring the multiple risks small island nations and their tourism sectors face. The paper concludes by stating that some measures may be prioritized by decision-makers, so as to increase the resilience of a transforming tourism sector in SIDS.

ACS Style

Franziska Wolf; Walter Filho; Priyatma Singh; Nicolai Scherle; Dirk Reiser; John Telesford; Ivana Miljković; Peni Havea; Chunlan Li; Dinesh Surroop; Marina Kovaleva. Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4223 .

AMA Style

Franziska Wolf, Walter Filho, Priyatma Singh, Nicolai Scherle, Dirk Reiser, John Telesford, Ivana Miljković, Peni Havea, Chunlan Li, Dinesh Surroop, Marina Kovaleva. Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Franziska Wolf; Walter Filho; Priyatma Singh; Nicolai Scherle; Dirk Reiser; John Telesford; Ivana Miljković; Peni Havea; Chunlan Li; Dinesh Surroop; Marina Kovaleva. 2021. "Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4223.

Journal article
Published: 27 May 2020 in Fuel
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This paper investigated the interactive effects between biomass and plastic, derived from municipal solid wastes, during co-torrefaction of their mixtures. Mango branches (MBr), waste newspaper (Np), low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and their blends were torrefied at 300 °C at a constant heating rate of 10 °C/min for 30 min using a bench-scale reactor. Statistically significant interactions were found between MBr and Np during torrefaction of MBr-Np and MBr-Np-LDPE blends. The synergistic behaviour in torrefied MBr-Np accounted for its improved energy density, reduced volatile matter content, increased carbon content and higher fuel ratio than expected. During co-torrefaction with plastic, melted LDPE limited mass transfer, which resulted in higher char yield and energy content. Analysis of combustion indices revealed that waste blending ratio of torrefied biomass-LDPE blends should be limited to 5 wt%, due to the high volatile matter content of LDPE. This study elucidates that among the different torrefied blends, synergistic interactions during co-torrefaction of waste biomass (MBr-Np) generated a char with improved fuel characteristics that allowed co-firing of biomass at higher blending ratios (20 wt%).

ACS Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; François-Xavier Collard; Johann F. Görgens; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. Torrefaction of biomass and plastic from municipal solid waste streams and their blends: Evaluation of interactive effects. Fuel 2020, 277, 118089 .

AMA Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago, François-Xavier Collard, Johann F. Görgens, Dinesh Surroop, Romeela Mohee. Torrefaction of biomass and plastic from municipal solid waste streams and their blends: Evaluation of interactive effects. Fuel. 2020; 277 ():118089.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; François-Xavier Collard; Johann F. Görgens; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. 2020. "Torrefaction of biomass and plastic from municipal solid waste streams and their blends: Evaluation of interactive effects." Fuel 277, no. : 118089.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Sustainability
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The integrated regional energy policy and planning (IREPP) framework was devised to evaluate the feasibility of energy policies in meeting declared national targets. While the framework advances the comprehensiveness of the feasibility assessment by bringing in concepts like environment economic equity, the muted way in which institutional factors and capacity are addressed remains weak and ineffective. Here, we corrected this weakness by presenting an IREPP framework that is enhanced by integrating principles of the institutional assessment and design (IAD) framework. The IAD framework emphasizes the careful consideration of contextual factors, it draws attention to the full range of transaction costs, and does not presume a priori that one type of institutional arrangement. This IREPP-IAD framework was used to evaluate the feasibility of energy policies in three different island jurisdictions—Taiwan, Mauritius, and Trinidad and Tobago. With ambitious national targets, these islands are good testing grounds for this updated approach. Through qualitative comparative case study analysis, several institutional factors were found to play an influence if national energy policies are likely to meet set targets. These factors included: government/policy decision makers and the decision/policymaking environment; governance structure and commitment for energy policy; existing policy instruments and tools that are in play and those planned; polycentricity; stakeholder participation and community building; market dynamics; information transparency; pilot programs and technology innovations/research; compliance or responsibilities under the Paris Accord; grid connectivity and monitoring of the policy implementation progress. This study contributes in two ways. First, by providing a more robust framework for assessing institutional arrangements that moderate how energy policies are implemented and second, providing insightful assessments of the energy policies in three island jurisdictions, thereby increasing our understanding of island energy policymaking and implementation in these understudied geographies.

ACS Style

Kalim U. Shah; Sashwat Roy; Wei-Ming Chen; Keron Niles; Dinesh Surroop. Application of an Institutional Assessment and Design (IAD)-Enhanced Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning (IREPP) Framework to Island States. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2765 .

AMA Style

Kalim U. Shah, Sashwat Roy, Wei-Ming Chen, Keron Niles, Dinesh Surroop. Application of an Institutional Assessment and Design (IAD)-Enhanced Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning (IREPP) Framework to Island States. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kalim U. Shah; Sashwat Roy; Wei-Ming Chen; Keron Niles; Dinesh Surroop. 2020. "Application of an Institutional Assessment and Design (IAD)-Enhanced Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning (IREPP) Framework to Island States." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2765.

Article
Published: 04 January 2020 in Environment, Development and Sustainability
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Freshwater resource availability in SIDS, including Mauritius, is on the verge of becoming a major constraint to socio-economic development. A freshwater vulnerability assessment was undertaken for the period of 2000–2015 to understand the present vulnerability of the water systems in Mauritius and a future vulnerability estimation. Currently, the freshwater sector has been classified as a moderately vulnerable sector with a Freshwater Vulnerability Index (FVI) of 0.36–0.38 derived from a resource availability of 1091–1184 m3/capita, a coefficient of rainfall variation of 0.206–0.220, a water exploitation rate of 72–76% and ecological degradation of 30–39% for the period of 2000–2015. For the period of 2020–2050 under a business as usual scenario, the freshwater sector remained in a moderate-vulnerability region whereby the water exploitation rate was found to be the most affected vulnerability parameter with an increase to 95% exploitation by 2050. Under the effects of climate change, the FVI increased to a range of 0.38–0.44 indicating a shift from moderate- to high-vulnerability region and the findings also indicate that the country is likely to enter into a water scarcity region (water availability of < 1000 m3/capita) by 2030 and face overexploitation of water resources (water exploitation rate > 100%) by 2040. For all three scenarios, the resource stress category showed the highest contribution on the calculated FVI with a share of contribution of 33–38% to the current FVI, 34–38% to the predicted FVI for a business as usual scenario and 40–43% to the predicted FVI under the effects of climate change.

ACS Style

Anuksha Boojhawon; Dinesh Surroop. Impact of climate change on vulnerability of freshwater resources: a case study of Mauritius. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020, 23, 195 -223.

AMA Style

Anuksha Boojhawon, Dinesh Surroop. Impact of climate change on vulnerability of freshwater resources: a case study of Mauritius. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2020; 23 (1):195-223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuksha Boojhawon; Dinesh Surroop. 2020. "Impact of climate change on vulnerability of freshwater resources: a case study of Mauritius." Environment, Development and Sustainability 23, no. 1: 195-223.

Journal article
Published: 21 November 2019 in Sustainability
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Island systems have limited geographical, ecological, and social capacity to metabolize waste materials produced by the economic activities of their growing populations. Conceptualized as a ‘wicked problem’, the faults and weaknesses in waste management systems on islands continue to cause acute and cumulative ecological and human health impacts. Trinidad and Tobago is one such island jurisdiction grappling with this situation, particularly being a petroleum-dependent economy. Through the lens of neo-institutional theory, this case study of waste management in Trinidad and Tobago unpacks the efforts, reactions, drivers and circumstances that have led to various successes and failures but no definitive solutions over time, especially regarding plastics and packaging materials. We identify three temporal phases of policy evolution that have altered the waste metabolism trajectory to date: (1) government led patriarchal approach of traditional landfilling combined with behavioral change campaigns to reduce, reuse, and recycle, (2) to a more democratic, shared burden, public-private partnership approach combined with attempts at incentive-based regulations, (3) to the present, more private sector-led voluntary bans on production and use of plastics. This study contributes to our understanding of the institutional factors that shape the search for solutions to the wicked problem of island waste metabolism.

ACS Style

Kalim U. Shah; Keron Niles; Saleem H. Ali; Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6580 .

AMA Style

Kalim U. Shah, Keron Niles, Saleem H. Ali, Dinesh Surroop, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kalim U. Shah; Keron Niles; Saleem H. Ali; Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. 2019. "Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6580.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
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ACS Style

Bhavish Rai Ramsurrun; Dinesh Surroop. Biofuel from thermally treated giant reed. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2019, 35, 230 -244.

AMA Style

Bhavish Rai Ramsurrun, Dinesh Surroop. Biofuel from thermally treated giant reed. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2019; 35 ():230-244.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bhavish Rai Ramsurrun; Dinesh Surroop. 2019. "Biofuel from thermally treated giant reed." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 35, no. : 230-244.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2019 in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Mauritius has witnessed an increase in its demand for energy over the years due to population growth, increased living standards and industrialisation amongst others. The country relies heavily on the importation of coal and fuel oil in order to meet its energy requirements. In addition, waste generation has also taken an upward trend. Due to the filling up of cells at the Mare Chicose landfill, a new cell (notably cell 7) was constructed to accommodate for more wastes. In this context, the landfill gas generated from the new cell can be utilised as a local source of renewable energy to produce electricity. The main objective of this study was to assess the potential for energy recovery using the landfill gas generated from the new cell at the Mare Chicose landfill. It was found that the methane generation potential (L0) for the Mare Chicose landfill was approximately 129.94 m3/ton MSW. In addition, the volume of landfill gas generated was calculated to be 259.88 m3 LFG/ton MSW. The results showed that the peak emission will be reached in 2019 whereby some 36.2 Mm3 methane and 72.5 Mm3 landfill gas are expected to be generated at the landfill site. Furthermore, the total power produced in 2015 was estimated to be nearly 55.7 GW h while the peak value to be reached in 2019 is approximately 67 GW h.

ACS Style

Bhuvaneshwaree Purmessur; Dinesh Surroop. Power generation using landfill gas generated from new cell at the existing landfill site. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2019, 7, 103060 .

AMA Style

Bhuvaneshwaree Purmessur, Dinesh Surroop. Power generation using landfill gas generated from new cell at the existing landfill site. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2019; 7 (3):103060.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bhuvaneshwaree Purmessur; Dinesh Surroop. 2019. "Power generation using landfill gas generated from new cell at the existing landfill site." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 7, no. 3: 103060.

Review article
Published: 05 March 2019 in Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
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Several studies have been conducted to assess the technical feasibility of using biomass such as agro–residues, animal manure, human waste and municipal solid waste in Africa to produce biogas to meet energy needs at household level. Despite efforts being done at national level to increase adoption of biogas among communities, bio-digesters are being abandoned and their adoption among local African communities seems slow. In this paper, we provide an overview of biogas development in Africa and discuss the barriers and solutions that policymakers may consider to address slow biogas development in the continent.

ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Zumar M.A. Bundhoo; Pravesh Raghoo. Waste to energy through biogas to improve energy security and to transform Africa's energy landscape. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2019, 18, 79 -83.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Zumar M.A. Bundhoo, Pravesh Raghoo. Waste to energy through biogas to improve energy security and to transform Africa's energy landscape. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. 2019; 18 ():79-83.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Zumar M.A. Bundhoo; Pravesh Raghoo. 2019. "Waste to energy through biogas to improve energy security and to transform Africa's energy landscape." Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 18, no. : 79-83.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2018 in Utilities Policy
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One of the most discernible impacts of climate change is the increasing severity and unpredictability of extreme weather conditions. Small island developing states are particularly vulnerable to these conditions, with one of the impacts being on energy supplies due to damaging energy infrastructure, resulting in power outages and economic losses. Drawing on resilience theory to frame the discourse, we present an updated overview of how island energy infrastructures have been and continue to be negatively impacted. This same framework also provides a lens through which we identify the challenges involved in recovery, rebuilding and returning energy security in these contexts.

ACS Style

Zumar M.A. Bundhoo; Kalim U. Shah; Dinesh Surroop. Climate proofing island energy infrastructure systems: Framing resilience based policy interventions. Utilities Policy 2018, 55, 41 -51.

AMA Style

Zumar M.A. Bundhoo, Kalim U. Shah, Dinesh Surroop. Climate proofing island energy infrastructure systems: Framing resilience based policy interventions. Utilities Policy. 2018; 55 ():41-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zumar M.A. Bundhoo; Kalim U. Shah; Dinesh Surroop. 2018. "Climate proofing island energy infrastructure systems: Framing resilience based policy interventions." Utilities Policy 55, no. : 41-51.

Journal article
Published: 06 August 2018 in Utilities Policy
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Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have been amongst the most neglected group with regard to energy access until recently when several voices were raised to highlight the vulnerabilities of these small nations. Since then, their levels of energy access have become the focus of significant attention. These levels vary over a wide range, where some SIDS still have a low energy access although they may have the resources. The energy mix for electricity production is mostly dominated by fossil fuels where the transportation cost results in high cost of fossil fuels and this leads to a high cost of electricity.

ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo; Zumar M.A. Bundhoo. Comparison of energy systems in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy 2018, 54, 46 -54.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Pravesh Raghoo, Zumar M.A. Bundhoo. Comparison of energy systems in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy. 2018; 54 ():46-54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo; Zumar M.A. Bundhoo. 2018. "Comparison of energy systems in Small Island Developing States." Utilities Policy 54, no. : 46-54.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Utilities Policy
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ACS Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf; Walter Leal Filho; Pratima Jeetah; Bernd Delakowitz. Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy 2018, 53, 94 -101.

AMA Style

Pravesh Raghoo, Dinesh Surroop, Franziska Wolf, Walter Leal Filho, Pratima Jeetah, Bernd Delakowitz. Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy. 2018; 53 ():94-101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf; Walter Leal Filho; Pratima Jeetah; Bernd Delakowitz. 2018. "Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States." Utilities Policy 53, no. : 94-101.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2018 in Environmental Development
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The lack of access to modern energy services, sometimes also referred to as energy poverty, is a significant global development challenge. This paper provides an analysis of energy access in Small Island Developing States (SIDS), sheds light on current challenges and provides insights on opportunities to improve access to modern energy services in these countries. It provides an overview of energy access levels within the African, Caribbean and Pacific SIDS regions to refocus attention on their frail economies and dependence on imported fossil fuels. The focus here is on three specific factors that are still not well investigated: issues which relate to grid-extension, the lack of trained personnel for decentralised electrification and a high reliance on imported energy which drains Gross Domestic Product (GDP). A selection of SIDS case studies highlighting endeavours to expand energy access provide a basis on which key measures to expand electrification are suggested. Enabling conditions identified included a high level of commitment from the government and the setting up of an independent regulatory body with rulemaking and adjudicative powers. Additionally, the setting up of a cost-reflective tariff structure and appropriate fiscal framework are highlighted which can contribute towards electricity access expansion in island context.

ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo; Franziska Wolf; Kalim U. Shah; Pratima Jeetah. Energy access in Small Island Developing States: Status, barriers and policy measures. Environmental Development 2018, 27, 58 -69.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Pravesh Raghoo, Franziska Wolf, Kalim U. Shah, Pratima Jeetah. Energy access in Small Island Developing States: Status, barriers and policy measures. Environmental Development. 2018; 27 ():58-69.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo; Franziska Wolf; Kalim U. Shah; Pratima Jeetah. 2018. "Energy access in Small Island Developing States: Status, barriers and policy measures." Environmental Development 27, no. : 58-69.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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The energy situation of the African island states which include Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Comoros, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles are overwhelmingly dependent on fossil fuels with paradoxically high potential of renewable energy which are sparsely developed. This paper lay emphasis on the present electricity situation in these countries and highlights the potential of renewable energy resources on their territories. Among Africa islands, demographic and economic features are dissimilar and their power sector is complex by unique challenges. It is seen that there is a critical lack of electricity in Guinea-Bissau and Madagascar, which are 21% and 13% respectively, due to political instability and high spending on diesel. Moreover, the electricity consumption per capita is alarming in Guinea-Bissau, Comoros and Madagascar where it is below the average consumption for low income countries. Sustainable energy supply can be achieved by renewable energy sources, however, not all renewable resources are technically and economically feasible for development in these countries, for example wind in Comoros and hydro in Mauritius have little potential – which this paper elaborated further. Based on these analysis, a roadmap was developed, on to how to address some of the energy issues in these countries and accelerate the uptake of renewable energy. Through energy governance reform, political decision makers can drive change within their government, especially when a reform entails opening market opportunities and stimulating private participation and exerting pressure on existing government agencies to work efficiently.

ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo. Renewable energy to improve energy situation in African island states. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018, 88, 176 -183.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Pravesh Raghoo. Renewable energy to improve energy situation in African island states. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018; 88 ():176-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo. 2018. "Renewable energy to improve energy situation in African island states." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 88, no. : 176-183.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Textile waste torrefaction was investigated as a novel means to assist in waste valorization and energy management practices. This study analyzed the thermal behavior and fuel properties of textile waste subjected to torrefaction at 225, 250, 275 and 300 °C for 1 and 3 h at a constant heating rate of 15 °C/min. The energy and carbon contents of torrefied textiles were greatly enhanced whilst unusually high energy yields above 100% were recorded due to the energy densification process. Reduced atomic H/C and O/C ratios revealed that the fuel characteristics and reactivity of torrefied textiles converged towards those of coal. FTIR analysis indicated that torrefaction altered the chemical structure of textile waste with respect to its hemicellulose and cellulose contents. A strong linear correlation was observed between mass loss and the energy properties of torrefied textile biochar. This demonstrated the effectiveness of mass loss as a synthetic indicator of the degree of torrefaction. The analytical expressions derived experimentally denoted essential tools that can be used in the optimization of the torrefaction process. Torrefied textiles can eventually assist in the displacement of important fractions of coal in thermal conversion systems in the long run.

ACS Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. Torrefaction of textile waste for production of energy-dense biochar using mass loss as a synthetic indicator. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2018, 6, 811 -822.

AMA Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago, Dinesh Surroop, Romeela Mohee. Torrefaction of textile waste for production of energy-dense biochar using mass loss as a synthetic indicator. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2018; 6 (1):811-822.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. 2018. "Torrefaction of textile waste for production of energy-dense biochar using mass loss as a synthetic indicator." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6, no. 1: 811-822.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Bioresource Technology
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This work primarily investigated the feasibility of generating high quality biochar from food wastes (FW) torrefaction. The thermal behavior of FW torrefaction was studied between 225 and 300°C for 1 and 3h at a fixed heating rate of 15°C/min. Torrefaction upgraded the energy density, calorific value and carbon content of FW compared to the untreated feedstock. Mass loss constituted a good measure of the reactivity and ease of degradation of FW based on the cumulative effect of time and temperature. The fuel properties of torrefied FW approached those of coal whilst their high energy yields confirmed their use as potential coal substitutes in thermal conversion systems. Torrefaction at 275°C at both residence times were optimal while severe torrefaction at 300°C for 3h was energetically inefficient. FTIR analysis and the increased HHV of bio-oil fractions revealed that bio-oil could be used to produce value-added chemicals and biofuels upon upgrading.

ACS Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. Assessing the potential of biofuel (biochar) production from food wastes through thermal treatment. Bioresource Technology 2018, 248, 258 -264.

AMA Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago, Dinesh Surroop, Romeela Mohee. Assessing the potential of biofuel (biochar) production from food wastes through thermal treatment. Bioresource Technology. 2018; 248 ():258-264.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yogeshwari Pooja Rago; Dinesh Surroop; Romeela Mohee. 2018. "Assessing the potential of biofuel (biochar) production from food wastes through thermal treatment." Bioresource Technology 248, no. : 258-264.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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ACS Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo. Energy landscape in Mauritius. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2017, 73, 688 -694.

AMA Style

Dinesh Surroop, Pravesh Raghoo. Energy landscape in Mauritius. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017; 73 ():688-694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Surroop; Pravesh Raghoo. 2017. "Energy landscape in Mauritius." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 73, no. : 688-694.