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Franziska Wolf
Research and Transfer Centre “Sustainable Development and Climate Change Management”, European School of Sustainability Science and Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 21033 Hamburg, Germany

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Review
Published: 12 July 2021 in Sustainability
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The development of electro-mobility is one of the centerpieces of European country attempts to reduce carbon emissions and increase the quality of life in cities. The goals of reducing emissions from the transport sector and phasing out fossil-fueled vehicles in (urban) transport by 2050 present unrivaled opportunities to foster electro-mobility. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature and provides a detailed analysis of the current development of electro-mobility in Europe, assessing social, economic, and environmental aspects under a circular economy (CE) context. It also examines the existing challenges and suggests ways of addressing them towards improving the environmental performance of electro-mobility and the urban quality of life. The paper argues that a narrow technology-only agenda in electro-mobility will be less successful without the imperative of the CE, including not just materials and resources but also energy, to unlock the medium-term co-benefits of de-carbonization of both the transport as well as the building and energy sectors. The paper critically reviews some of the anticipated future developments that may guide the growth of this rapidly growing field into a CE.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Ismaila Abubakar; Richard Kotter; Thomas Grindsted; Abdul-Lateef Balogun; Amanda Salvia; Yusuf Aina; Franziska Wolf. Framing Electric Mobility for Urban Sustainability in a Circular Economy Context: An Overview of the Literature. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7786 .

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Ismaila Abubakar, Richard Kotter, Thomas Grindsted, Abdul-Lateef Balogun, Amanda Salvia, Yusuf Aina, Franziska Wolf. Framing Electric Mobility for Urban Sustainability in a Circular Economy Context: An Overview of the Literature. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7786.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Ismaila Abubakar; Richard Kotter; Thomas Grindsted; Abdul-Lateef Balogun; Amanda Salvia; Yusuf Aina; Franziska Wolf. 2021. "Framing Electric Mobility for Urban Sustainability in a Circular Economy Context: An Overview of the Literature." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7786.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
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Small Island States (SIDS) are among the nations most exposed to climate change (CC) and are characterised by a high degree of vulnerability. Their unique nature means there is a need for more studies focused on the limits to CC adaptation on such fragile nations, particularly regarding their problems and constraints. This paper addressed a perceived need for research into the limitations of adaptation on SIDS, focusing on the many unique restrictions. To this end, the study identified and described the adaptation limits they have by using a review of the literature and an analysis of case studies from a sample of five SIDS in the Caribbean and Pacific regions (Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Cook Islands, Fiji, Solomon Islands and Tonga). This research’s findings showed that an adaptable SIDS is characterised by awareness of various values, appreciation and understanding of a diversity of impacts and vulnerabilities, and acceptance of certain losses through change. The implications of this paper are two-fold. It explains why island nations continue to suffer from the impacts of CC and suggest some of the means via which adequate policies may support SIDS in their efforts to cope with the threats associated with a changing climate. This study concluded that, despite the technological and ecological limits (hard limits) affecting natural systems, adaptation to CC is limited by such complex forces and societal factors (soft limits) that more adequate adaptation strategies could overcome.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Murukesan Krishnapillai; Henry Sidsaph; Gustavo Nagy; Johannes Luetz; Jack Dyer; Michael Otoara Ha’Apio; Peni Havea; Kushaal Raj; Priyatma Singh; Tom Rogers; Chunlan Li; Monica Boodhan; Franziska Wolf; Desalegn Yayeh Ayal; Hossein Azadi. Climate Change Adaptation on Small Island States: An Assessment of Limits and Constraints. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 602 .

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Murukesan Krishnapillai, Henry Sidsaph, Gustavo Nagy, Johannes Luetz, Jack Dyer, Michael Otoara Ha’Apio, Peni Havea, Kushaal Raj, Priyatma Singh, Tom Rogers, Chunlan Li, Monica Boodhan, Franziska Wolf, Desalegn Yayeh Ayal, Hossein Azadi. Climate Change Adaptation on Small Island States: An Assessment of Limits and Constraints. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (6):602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Murukesan Krishnapillai; Henry Sidsaph; Gustavo Nagy; Johannes Luetz; Jack Dyer; Michael Otoara Ha’Apio; Peni Havea; Kushaal Raj; Priyatma Singh; Tom Rogers; Chunlan Li; Monica Boodhan; Franziska Wolf; Desalegn Yayeh Ayal; Hossein Azadi. 2021. "Climate Change Adaptation on Small Island States: An Assessment of Limits and Constraints." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6: 602.

Review
Published: 10 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Tourism-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a central driver of anthropogenic climate change. At the same time, climate change has both direct and indirect impacts on tourism, varying from damages of tourist assets due to extreme weather events, to losses of biodiversity. Small island developing states (SIDS) heavily depend on international tourism as a source of revenue and income. Therefore, much could be gained by assessing the vulnerability of the SIDS tourism sector and by identifying measures that may assist these islands in their sustainable adaptation efforts. Against this background, this interdisciplinary paper provides a review of tourism development and the implications of its emissions on the global climate, linked with observed and projected influences of climate change in the Pacific region, to explain the growing vulnerability of the overall sector, with a particular focus on SIDS tourism. A description of the effects of COVID-19 on international tourism and its consequences for SIDS complement the analysis. Case studies of two Pacific islands present some evidence of current climate impacts, underscoring the multiple risks small island nations and their tourism sectors face. The paper concludes by stating that some measures may be prioritized by decision-makers, so as to increase the resilience of a transforming tourism sector in SIDS.

ACS Style

Franziska Wolf; Walter Filho; Priyatma Singh; Nicolai Scherle; Dirk Reiser; John Telesford; Ivana Miljković; Peni Havea; Chunlan Li; Dinesh Surroop; Marina Kovaleva. Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4223 .

AMA Style

Franziska Wolf, Walter Filho, Priyatma Singh, Nicolai Scherle, Dirk Reiser, John Telesford, Ivana Miljković, Peni Havea, Chunlan Li, Dinesh Surroop, Marina Kovaleva. Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Franziska Wolf; Walter Filho; Priyatma Singh; Nicolai Scherle; Dirk Reiser; John Telesford; Ivana Miljković; Peni Havea; Chunlan Li; Dinesh Surroop; Marina Kovaleva. 2021. "Influences of Climate Change on Tourism Development in Small Pacific Island States." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4223.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Environmental Science & Policy
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Climate Resilient Trajectories are routes to development progress that take into account aspects of climate change adaptation and mitigation in a sustainability context, offering a way to explicitly consider impacts of development and climate change choices on different sectors, scales, and socio-economic effects. Due to their scope and relevance, Climate Resilient Trajectories are of great interest to climate scientists, governments and the private sector, based on the urgent need to consider different strategies to decarbonize the economy. Pursuing such trajectories may also be beneficial in processes to implement the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) up to 2030 and beyond. This Communication describes the concept of Climate Resilient Trajectories and clarifies its relevance, with particular attention to the poor. It also outlines some of the necessary considerations to ensure no one is left behind. It highlights the need for the design of Climate Resilient Trajectories to be flexible enough to accommodate the specific and complex contexts in which poor and marginalized people operate; and that the involvement of all relevant stakeholders (e.g. governments, business and private organizations, policy makers, and whole communities) is necessary in order to ensure such trajectories yield the expected benefits. It further demonstrates that it is critical to consider both short- and long-term time frames when prioritizing and implementing development agendas for the poor.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Lindsay C. Stringer; Edmond Totin; Riyanti Djalante; Patricia Pinho; Katharine J. Mach; Luis Ricardo Fernández Carril; Jörn Birkmann; Rajiv Pandey; Franziska Wolf. Whose voices, whose choices? Pursuing climate resilient trajectories for the poor. Environmental Science & Policy 2021, 121, 18 -23.

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Lindsay C. Stringer, Edmond Totin, Riyanti Djalante, Patricia Pinho, Katharine J. Mach, Luis Ricardo Fernández Carril, Jörn Birkmann, Rajiv Pandey, Franziska Wolf. Whose voices, whose choices? Pursuing climate resilient trajectories for the poor. Environmental Science & Policy. 2021; 121 ():18-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Lindsay C. Stringer; Edmond Totin; Riyanti Djalante; Patricia Pinho; Katharine J. Mach; Luis Ricardo Fernández Carril; Jörn Birkmann; Rajiv Pandey; Franziska Wolf. 2021. "Whose voices, whose choices? Pursuing climate resilient trajectories for the poor." Environmental Science & Policy 121, no. : 18-23.

Review
Published: 14 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The Urban Heat Islands (UHI) effect is a microclimatic phenomenon that especially affects urban areas. It is associated with significant temperature increases in the local microclimate, and may amplify heat waves. Due to their intensity, UHI causes not only thermal discomfort, but also reductions in the levels of life quality. This paper reviews the important role of green infrastructure as a means through which the intensity of UHI may be reduced, along with their negative impact on human comfort and wellbeing. Apart from a comprehensive review of the available literature, the paper reports on an analysis of case studies in a set of 14 cities in 13 countries representing various geographical regions and climate zones. The results obtained suggest that whereas UHI is a common phenomenon, green infrastructure in urban areas may under some conditions ameliorate their impacts. In addition, the study revealed that the scope and impacts of UHI are not uniform: depending on peculiarities of urban morphologies, they pose different challenges linked to the microclimate peculiar to each city. The implications of this paper are threefold. Firstly, it reiterates the complex interrelations of UHIs, heat waves and climate change. Secondly, it outlines the fact that keeping and increasing urban green resources leads to additional various benefits that may directly or indirectly reduce the impacts of UHI. Finally, the paper reiterates the need for city planners to pay more attention to possible UHI effects when initiating new building projects or when adjusting current ones.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Franziska Wolf; Ricardo Castro-Díaz; Chunlan Li; Vincent Ojeh; Nestor Gutiérrez; Gustavo Nagy; Stevan Savić; Claudia Natenzon; Abul Quasem Al-Amin; Marija Maruna; Juliane Bönecke. Addressing the Urban Heat Islands Effect: A Cross-Country Assessment of the Role of Green Infrastructure. Sustainability 2021, 13, 753 .

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Franziska Wolf, Ricardo Castro-Díaz, Chunlan Li, Vincent Ojeh, Nestor Gutiérrez, Gustavo Nagy, Stevan Savić, Claudia Natenzon, Abul Quasem Al-Amin, Marija Maruna, Juliane Bönecke. Addressing the Urban Heat Islands Effect: A Cross-Country Assessment of the Role of Green Infrastructure. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):753.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Franziska Wolf; Ricardo Castro-Díaz; Chunlan Li; Vincent Ojeh; Nestor Gutiérrez; Gustavo Nagy; Stevan Savić; Claudia Natenzon; Abul Quasem Al-Amin; Marija Maruna; Juliane Bönecke. 2021. "Addressing the Urban Heat Islands Effect: A Cross-Country Assessment of the Role of Green Infrastructure." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 753.

Review
Published: 04 September 2020 in Discover Sustainability
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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were conceived at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 2012 (Rio + 20), and adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in September 2015. They are part of a larger framework, namely the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Since then, many countries round the world have been engaging in respect of their implementation. The slow progress seen in the implementation of the SDGs, is in contrast with the many negative implications of not implementing them. This paper outlines the relevance of the SDGs, the barriers currently seen in respect of their implementation and outlines what is at stake, if they are not duly implemented. To accomplish this, a thorough literature review of contributions published in the field of SDGs in English between the years 2012–2020 was performed.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Franziska Wolf; Amanda Lange Salvia; Ali Beynaghi; Kalterina Shulla; Marina Kovaleva; Claudio R. P. Vasconcelos. Heading towards an unsustainable world: some of the implications of not achieving the SDGs. Discover Sustainability 2020, 1, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Franziska Wolf, Amanda Lange Salvia, Ali Beynaghi, Kalterina Shulla, Marina Kovaleva, Claudio R. P. Vasconcelos. Heading towards an unsustainable world: some of the implications of not achieving the SDGs. Discover Sustainability. 2020; 1 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Franziska Wolf; Amanda Lange Salvia; Ali Beynaghi; Kalterina Shulla; Marina Kovaleva; Claudio R. P. Vasconcelos. 2020. "Heading towards an unsustainable world: some of the implications of not achieving the SDGs." Discover Sustainability 1, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2020 in International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
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Pastoralist communities all over Africa have been facing a variety of social and economic problems, as well as climate risks and hazards for many years. They have also been suffering from climate change and extreme events, along with a variety of weather and climate threats, which pose many challenges to herders. On the one hand, pastoralist communities have little influence on policy decisions; however, on the other hand, they suffer to a significant extent from such policies, which limit their options for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. Also, the socio-cultural legacy of herders, and their role in food security and provision of ecosystem services, as well as their efforts towards climate change adaptation, are little documented, particularly in Eastern and Southern African countries. There is a perceived need for international studies on the risks and impacts of climate change and extreme events on the sustainability of pastoralist communities in Africa, especially in eastern and southern Africa. Based on the need to address this research gap, this paper describes the climate change risks and challenges that climate threats pose to the sustainability and livelihoods of pastoralist communities in eastern and southern Africa. Also, it discusses the extent to which such problems affect their well-being and income. Additionally, the paper reports on the socioeconomic vulnerability indices at country-level; identifies specific problems pastoralists face, and a variety of climate adaptation strategies to extreme events through field survey among pastoralist communities in a sample of five countries, namely Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The study has shown that the long-term sustainability of the livelihoods of pastoral communities is currently endangered by climate change and the risks and hazards it brings about, which may worsen poverty among this social group. The study suggests that a more systematic and structured approach is needed when assessing the climate vulnerability of individual pastoral communities, since this may help in designing suitable disaster risk reduction strategies. Moreover, the paper shows that it is also necessary to understand better the socio-ecological systems (SES) of the various communities, and how their livelihoods are influenced by the changing conditions imposed by a changing climate.

ACS Style

Walter Leal Filho; Habitamu Taddese; Mulubrhan Balehegn; Daniel Nzengya; Nega Debela; Amare Abayineh; Edison Mworozi; Sampson Osei; Desalegn Y. Ayal; Gustavo J. Nagy; Nsani Yannick; Saizi Kimu; Abdul-Lateef Balogun; Esubalew Abate Alemu; Chunlan Li; Henry Sidsaph; Franziska Wolf. Introducing experiences from African pastoralist communities to cope with climate change risks, hazards and extremes: Fostering poverty reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2020, 50, 101738 .

AMA Style

Walter Leal Filho, Habitamu Taddese, Mulubrhan Balehegn, Daniel Nzengya, Nega Debela, Amare Abayineh, Edison Mworozi, Sampson Osei, Desalegn Y. Ayal, Gustavo J. Nagy, Nsani Yannick, Saizi Kimu, Abdul-Lateef Balogun, Esubalew Abate Alemu, Chunlan Li, Henry Sidsaph, Franziska Wolf. Introducing experiences from African pastoralist communities to cope with climate change risks, hazards and extremes: Fostering poverty reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2020; 50 ():101738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Walter Leal Filho; Habitamu Taddese; Mulubrhan Balehegn; Daniel Nzengya; Nega Debela; Amare Abayineh; Edison Mworozi; Sampson Osei; Desalegn Y. Ayal; Gustavo J. Nagy; Nsani Yannick; Saizi Kimu; Abdul-Lateef Balogun; Esubalew Abate Alemu; Chunlan Li; Henry Sidsaph; Franziska Wolf. 2020. "Introducing experiences from African pastoralist communities to cope with climate change risks, hazards and extremes: Fostering poverty reduction." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 50, no. : 101738.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2019 in Environmental Science & Policy
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Climate policies are essential to mitigate climate change and to develop successful adaptation processes. However, there is a paucity of international studies that analyse the status of climate change policies. This paper reports on research undertaken in a sample of 13 highly diverse countries, in regards to their geography, socioeconomic development, vulnerability elements, adaptation, and climate-risks. The results draw attention to the global spread and standardisation of climate change policies, namely through the adoption of comprehensive National Adaptation Plans/Strategies (NAPs/NASs) that include mitigation measures and evaluation mechanisms. Although NAPs tend to take into account different non-governmental stakeholders, they are still mainly state-centred (i.e. their steering and implementation are the responsibility of each country´s Ministry of the Environment) in most of the 13 countries in which this study was carried out. The results show that NAPs’ objectives mainly reflect more a global agenda and pay less attention to national/regional vulnerabilities and contexts. In fact, despite different socioeconomic levels of development, diverse climate-risks, and dissimilar vulnerability and readiness status among countries, the examined NAPs tend to focus on the same critical sectors and objectives. Notwithstanding their similarities, our results highlight two different logics of adaptation reflected on the NAPs: one focused on economic risks and opportunities, characteristic of developed countries; and others focused on natural resources and conservation, characteristic of developing countries.

ACS Style

Fátima Alves; Walter Leal Filho; Paula Casaleiro; Gustavo J. Nagy; Harry Diaz; Abul Quasem Al-Amin; José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório De Andrade Guerra; Margot Hurlbert; Harith Farooq; Maris Klavins; Mustafa Saroar; Eliska Krkoska Lorencova; Suresh Jain; Amadeu Soares; Fernando Morgado; Paul O’Hare; Franziska Wolf; Ulisses M. Azeiteiro. Climate change policies and agendas: Facing implementation challenges and guiding responses. Environmental Science & Policy 2019, 104, 190 -198.

AMA Style

Fátima Alves, Walter Leal Filho, Paula Casaleiro, Gustavo J. Nagy, Harry Diaz, Abul Quasem Al-Amin, José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório De Andrade Guerra, Margot Hurlbert, Harith Farooq, Maris Klavins, Mustafa Saroar, Eliska Krkoska Lorencova, Suresh Jain, Amadeu Soares, Fernando Morgado, Paul O’Hare, Franziska Wolf, Ulisses M. Azeiteiro. Climate change policies and agendas: Facing implementation challenges and guiding responses. Environmental Science & Policy. 2019; 104 ():190-198.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fátima Alves; Walter Leal Filho; Paula Casaleiro; Gustavo J. Nagy; Harry Diaz; Abul Quasem Al-Amin; José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório De Andrade Guerra; Margot Hurlbert; Harith Farooq; Maris Klavins; Mustafa Saroar; Eliska Krkoska Lorencova; Suresh Jain; Amadeu Soares; Fernando Morgado; Paul O’Hare; Franziska Wolf; Ulisses M. Azeiteiro. 2019. "Climate change policies and agendas: Facing implementation challenges and guiding responses." Environmental Science & Policy 104, no. : 190-198.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Utilities Policy
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ACS Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf; Walter Leal Filho; Pratima Jeetah; Bernd Delakowitz. Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy 2018, 53, 94 -101.

AMA Style

Pravesh Raghoo, Dinesh Surroop, Franziska Wolf, Walter Leal Filho, Pratima Jeetah, Bernd Delakowitz. Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States. Utilities Policy. 2018; 53 ():94-101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf; Walter Leal Filho; Pratima Jeetah; Bernd Delakowitz. 2018. "Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States." Utilities Policy 53, no. : 94-101.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Development Engineering
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ACS Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf. Natural gas to improve energy security in Small Island Developing States: A techno-economic analysis. Development Engineering 2017, 2, 92 -98.

AMA Style

Pravesh Raghoo, Dinesh Surroop, Franziska Wolf. Natural gas to improve energy security in Small Island Developing States: A techno-economic analysis. Development Engineering. 2017; 2 ():92-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pravesh Raghoo; Dinesh Surroop; Franziska Wolf. 2017. "Natural gas to improve energy security in Small Island Developing States: A techno-economic analysis." Development Engineering 2, no. : 92-98.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2016 in Energy Policy
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Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) are isolated and surrounded by ocean. The generation and use of energy resources are two very important aspects for the development of SIDS. Unfortunately, most of SIDS do not use their potential in respect of energy resources, and they as a result have to depend on the import of fossil fuels in order to meet their energy needs. This increases the overall vulnerability of SIDS as they have to depend on the rising or fluctuating fossil fuels prices. Some SIDS, especially in the geographically dispersed Pacific region, do not have proper access to energy whereas other SIDS struggle more with energy security issue. At the same time, SIDS are most vulnerable to the impacts and effects of climate change, as they are among the ones to be most severely affected in case of natural calamities and sea-level rise. Drawing on experiences from Fiji and Mauritius, this paper explains core elements related to energy access and security in SIDS, contextualizes and discusses barriers and list some of the strategies that may be used to ensure access to and a continuous supply of energy in SIDS. A situational analysis of two SIDS outlines their current energy situation and compares their energy policies to globally accepted criteria for SIDS policies as well as with each other. It is claimed that the diverging energy performances of Fiji and Mauritius cannot be explained by policies differences. The reasons for the varying energy performances may therefore lie in the administrative and institutional mechanisms used by the two countries in implementing their energy policies. Finally, to enable SIDS to reduce their overall vulnerability and become truly sustainable islands, it is recommended to undertake careful assessments of the particular local contexts under which island energy regimes operate.

ACS Style

Franziska Wolf; Dinesh Surroop; Anirudh Singh; Walter Leal. Energy access and security strategies in Small Island Developing States. Energy Policy 2016, 98, 663 -673.

AMA Style

Franziska Wolf, Dinesh Surroop, Anirudh Singh, Walter Leal. Energy access and security strategies in Small Island Developing States. Energy Policy. 2016; 98 ():663-673.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Franziska Wolf; Dinesh Surroop; Anirudh Singh; Walter Leal. 2016. "Energy access and security strategies in Small Island Developing States." Energy Policy 98, no. : 663-673.

Journal article
Published: 07 March 2016 in Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology
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ACS Style

Franziska Wolf; Deisi V. Becker; Walter Leal; Jonathan Krink; Julia Haselberger; Maria Kowald. Sustainable energy generation and use in SIDS and beyond—introducing the L3EAP online learning approach. Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology 2016, 3, 1 .

AMA Style

Franziska Wolf, Deisi V. Becker, Walter Leal, Jonathan Krink, Julia Haselberger, Maria Kowald. Sustainable energy generation and use in SIDS and beyond—introducing the L3EAP online learning approach. Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology. 2016; 3 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Franziska Wolf; Deisi V. Becker; Walter Leal; Jonathan Krink; Julia Haselberger; Maria Kowald. 2016. "Sustainable energy generation and use in SIDS and beyond—introducing the L3EAP online learning approach." Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology 3, no. 1: 1.