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Electricity generation from renewable energy (RE) sources has not been well utilized in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). KSA has publicized its Vision 2030 renewable energy target to deploy 58.7 gigawatts of RE, paving the way for a low-carbon economy in the country. Renewable portfolio standard (RPS) may play an influential role as a policy instrument to stimulate the RE development and consumption on a large scale and pursue the Vision 2030 objectives. In this study, the renewable portfolio standards policy assessment was carried out to investigate the issues impelling the employment of or plan to adopt RPS. To elucidate the collaborating interaction amongst the multiple stakeholders at different levels in the formulation of renewable portfolio standard, in this assessment study, we used a multi-theoretical approach for examining the policy networks theory (PNT) to inspect the communication links and strategies of different actors who are responsible and involved in KSA policy formulation and enactment. It will help overcome the interaction limitations amongst the actors, contribute to understanding various actors’ behaviors and facilitate RPS development and implementation. In this paper, PNT’s four strategy phases (interaction, agenda-setting, action plan and legislative) are used for RPS development assessment. In this paper, we presented KSA’s overall systematic picture for RPS formulation to adopt and implement it practically for a collaborative relationship between five actors—policy and regulatory bodies, professional bodies, inter-governmental bodies, power producers and social networks—at different levels by using PNT to analyze the interactive relationship amongst actors. This detailed analysis will help KSA overcome the institutional relationship and interaction limitations of the actors in RPS formulation and thereby offer significant success for RE deployment in KSA, while providing viable ideas, procedures and bases for government departments to formulate applicable policies for the renewable energy system efficiently. The evaluation of the communications among major partakers in the policy network field helps to efficiently explicate the hindrances in policy formulation and enactment to make the RPS more effective.
Amjad Ali; Fahad Al-Sulaiman; Ibrahim Al-Duais; Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Malik; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Hafiz Ali; Sheraz Malik. Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory. Processes 2021, 9, 1123 .
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, Fahad Al-Sulaiman, Ibrahim Al-Duais, Kashif Irshad, Muhammad Malik, Shafiullah, Hasan Zahir, Hafiz Ali, Sheraz Malik. Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory. Processes. 2021; 9 (7):1123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; Fahad Al-Sulaiman; Ibrahim Al-Duais; Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Malik; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Hafiz Ali; Sheraz Malik. 2021. "Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory." Processes 9, no. 7: 1123.
The properties of polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG)/MgCaCO3, a low-cost shape-selective phase change material (ss-PCM), make it highly suitable for solar thermal applications. Nanosized porous MgO-doped CaCO3 with Mg molar concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The prepared MgO-CaCO3 matrices were then impregnated with PEG to obtain PEG/MgCaCO3 as an ss-PCM. Samples identified as PEG-5MgCaCO3 (P-5-MCC), PEG-10MgCaCO3 (P-10-MCC), and PEG-15MgCaCO3 (P-15-MCC) were prepared and studied. Interestingly, P-10-MCC has the smallest particle size together with a good porous structure compared to the other two materials. The results of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry indicate that the small particle size and porous structure facilitate the impregnation of approximately 69% of the PEG into the 10-MCC matrix. The latent heat and energy storage efficiency of PEG in the P-10-MCC sample are 152.5 J/g and 96.48%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of comparable materials. Furthermore, in addition to the improvement of the thermal conductivity of the P-10-MCC, its supercooling is also reduced to some extent. The combined mesoporous and macro-porous structure of P-10-MCC is critical to retaining a large amount of PEG within the matrix, resulting in a high latent heat in the operating temperature range of 35–57 °C. The P-10MCC sample also demonstrates a high energy storage capacity (98.59%), high thermal energy storage/release rates, and exceptional shape-stabilized PCM properties.
Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Rahman; Salem Basamad; Khaled Mohaisen; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Rahman; Abdul Aziz; Amjad Ali; Mohammad Hossain. Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1639 .
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Mohammad Rahman, Salem Basamad, Khaled Mohaisen, Kashif Irshad, Mohammad Rahman, Abdul Aziz, Amjad Ali, Mohammad Hossain. Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (7):1639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Mohammad Rahman; Salem Basamad; Khaled Mohaisen; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Rahman; Abdul Aziz; Amjad Ali; Mohammad Hossain. 2021. "Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7: 1639.
The combination of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely UiO-66, with polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers yields hybrid polyMOF materials, which show unique morphology with tunable characteristics of UiO-66. Mixed MOF-PolyMOFs (referred to as UiO-66) are utilized as a support material for the preparation of shape stabilized phase change materials (ss-PCM). Three ss-PCMs were synthesized with the composition of PEG-0.5 g/UiO-66–0.2 g (PU-0.5), PEG-0.7 g/UiO-66–0.2 g (PU-0.7), and PEG-1.0 g/UiO-66–0.2 g (PU-1.0) and tested for solar thermal energy storage. The high PEG retaining capacity of UiO-66 is promising for thermal storage applications. The latent heat value of the PU-0.5 PCM is 146 J/g, which is considerably higher than that of PCMs based on similar materials. Besides, PU-0.5PCM has a high energy storage efficiency, high thermal energy capability, and exceptional shape-stabilized PCM properties. Thermal conductivity of PU-0.5 PCM is 0.51 W/mK, which is higher than that of most of the reported paraffin- and PEG-based PCMs. PU-0.5 PCM remains stable even when subjected to 200 freezing and melting cycles. In addition, the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to improve the thermal conductivity of PEG-UiO-66 has been investigated. For comparison, the effect of PEG of various MWs (molecular weights) was also calculated.
Hasan Zahir; Aasif Helal; Abbas S. Hakeem. Hybrid polyMOF Materials Prepared by Combining an Organic Polymer with a MOF and Their Application for Solar Thermal Energy Storage. Energy & Fuels 2021, 35, 10199 -10209.
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Aasif Helal, Abbas S. Hakeem. Hybrid polyMOF Materials Prepared by Combining an Organic Polymer with a MOF and Their Application for Solar Thermal Energy Storage. Energy & Fuels. 2021; 35 (12):10199-10209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Aasif Helal; Abbas S. Hakeem. 2021. "Hybrid polyMOF Materials Prepared by Combining an Organic Polymer with a MOF and Their Application for Solar Thermal Energy Storage." Energy & Fuels 35, no. 12: 10199-10209.
In recent years, machine learning (ML) tools have gained tremendous momentum and received wide-spread attention in different segments of modern-day life. As part of digital transformation, the power system industry is one of the pioneers in adopting such attractive and efficient tools for various applications. Apparently, a nonthreatening, but slow-burning issue of the electric power systems is the low-frequency oscillations (LFO), which, if not dealt with appropriately and on time, could result in complete network failure. This paper addresses the role of a prominent ML family member, particle swarm optimization (PSO) tuned adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for real-time enhancement of LFO damping in electric power system networks. It adopts and models two power system networks where in the first network, the synchronous machine is equipped with only a power system stabilizer (PSS), and in the other, the PSS of the synchronous machine is coordinated with the unified power flow controller (UPFC), a second-generation flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) device. Then, it develops the proposed ML approach to enhance LFO damping for both adopted networks based on the customary practices of statistical judgment. The performance measuring metrics of power system stability, including the minimum damping ratio (MDR), eigenvalue, and time-domain simulation, were used to analyze the developed approach. Moreover, the paper presents a comparative analysis and discussion with the referenced works’ achieved results to conclude the proposed PSO-ANFIS technique’s ability to enhance power system stability in real-time by damping out the unwanted LFO.
Ilius Hasan Pathan; Juel Rana; Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS. Inventions 2020, 5, 61 .
AMA StyleIlius Hasan Pathan, Juel Rana, Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar, Shafiullah, Hasan Zahir, Amjad Ali. Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS. Inventions. 2020; 5 (4):61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlius Hasan Pathan; Juel Rana; Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. 2020. "Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS." Inventions 5, no. 4: 61.
We demonstrate a facile efficient way to fabricate activated carbon nanosheets (ACNSs) consisting of hierarchical porous carbon materials. Simply heating banana leaves with K2CO3 produce ACNSs having a unique combination of macro‐, meso‐ and micropores with a high specific surface area of ~1459 m2g‐1. The effects of different electrolytes on the electrochemical supercapacitor performance and stability of the ACNSs are tested using a two‐electrode system. The specific capacitance (Csp) values are 55, 114, and 190 Fg‐1 in aqueous 0.5 M sodium sulfate, organic 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile, and pure ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) electrolytes, respectively. The ACNSs also shows the largest potential window of 3 V, the highest specific energy (59 Whkg‐1) and specific power (750 Wkg‐1) in [BMIM][PF6]. A mini‐prototype device is prepared to demonstrate the practicality of the ACNSs.
Chanchal Kumar Roy; Syed Shaheen Shah; Akter H. Reaz; Sharmin Sultana; Al‐Nakib Chowdhury; Shakhawat H. Firoz; Hasan Zahir; Mohammed Ameen Ahmed Qasem; Abdul Aziz. Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Banana Leaves for High‐performance Supercapacitor: Effect of Type of Electrolytes on Performance. Chemistry - An Asian Journal 2020, 16, 296 -308.
AMA StyleChanchal Kumar Roy, Syed Shaheen Shah, Akter H. Reaz, Sharmin Sultana, Al‐Nakib Chowdhury, Shakhawat H. Firoz, Hasan Zahir, Mohammed Ameen Ahmed Qasem, Abdul Aziz. Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Banana Leaves for High‐performance Supercapacitor: Effect of Type of Electrolytes on Performance. Chemistry - An Asian Journal. 2020; 16 (4):296-308.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChanchal Kumar Roy; Syed Shaheen Shah; Akter H. Reaz; Sharmin Sultana; Al‐Nakib Chowdhury; Shakhawat H. Firoz; Hasan Zahir; Mohammed Ameen Ahmed Qasem; Abdul Aziz. 2020. "Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Banana Leaves for High‐performance Supercapacitor: Effect of Type of Electrolytes on Performance." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 16, no. 4: 296-308.
We prepared a series of polyurethane (PU) coatings with defined contents using poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol (PTMG) with two different molecular weights (i.e., Mn = 2000 and 650), as well as polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) with a molecular weight of Mn 550. For every coating, maximum adhesive strength and excellent self-healing character (three times) were found using 6.775 mol% mixed with low-molecular-weight-based polyols (PU-11-3-3). Defined 1.0 wt% CeO2 was also used for the PU-11-3-3 coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2) to obtain UV shielding properties. Both the in situ polymerization and blending processes were separately applied during the preparation of the PU-11-3-3-CeO2 coating dispersion. The in situ polymerization-based coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P) showed similar self-healing properties. The PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P coating also showed excellent UV shielding in real outdoor exposure conditions.
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Rami Suleiman; Hasan Zahir; Aasif Helal; A. Madhan Kumar; Bashirul Haq. Multi Self-Healable UV Shielding Polyurethane/CeO2 Protective Coating: The Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyols. Polymers 2020, 12, 1947 .
AMA StyleMohammad Mizanur Rahman, Rami Suleiman, Hasan Zahir, Aasif Helal, A. Madhan Kumar, Bashirul Haq. Multi Self-Healable UV Shielding Polyurethane/CeO2 Protective Coating: The Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyols. Polymers. 2020; 12 (9):1947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Mizanur Rahman; Rami Suleiman; Hasan Zahir; Aasif Helal; A. Madhan Kumar; Bashirul Haq. 2020. "Multi Self-Healable UV Shielding Polyurethane/CeO2 Protective Coating: The Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyols." Polymers 12, no. 9: 1947.
A significant growth in solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has observed during the last decade in standalone and grid-connected power generation systems. The solar PV system has a non-linear output characteristic because of weather intermittency, which tends to have a substantial effect on overall PV system output. Hence, to optimize the output of a PV system, different maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have been used. But, the confusion lies while selecting an appropriate MPPT, as every method has its own merits and demerits. Therefore, a proper review of these techniques is essential. A “ Google Scholar ” survey of the last five years (2015-2020) was conducted. It has found that overall seventy-one review articles are published on different MPPT techniques; out of those seventy-one, only four are on uniform solar irradiance, seven on non-uniform and none on hybrid optimization MPPT techniques. Most of them have discussed the limited number of MPPT techniques, and none of them has discussed the online and offline under uniform and hybrid MPPT techniques under non-uniform solar irradiance conditions all together in one. Unfortunately, very few attempts have made in this regard. Therefore, a comprehensive review paper on this topic is need of time, in which almost all the well-known MPPT techniques should be encapsulated in one paper. This article focuses on classifications of online, offline, and hybrid optimization MPPT algorithms, under the uniform and non-uniform irradiance conditions. It summarizes various MPPT methods along with their mathematical expression, operating principle, and block diagram/flow charts. This research will provide a valuable pathway to researchers, energy engineers, and strategists for future research and implementation in the field of maximum power point tracking optimization.
Amjad Ali; Khalid Almutairi; Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Kashif Irshad; Saiful Islam; Hasan Zahir; Shafiullah; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 127368 -127392.
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, Khalid Almutairi, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Vineet Tirth, Salem Algarni, Kashif Irshad, Saiful Islam, Hasan Zahir, Shafiullah, Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():127368-127392.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; Khalid Almutairi; Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Kashif Irshad; Saiful Islam; Hasan Zahir; Shafiullah; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. 2020. "Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection." IEEE Access 8, no. : 127368-127392.
Significant growth in solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has been observed during the last decade in standalone and grid-connected power generation systems. However, the PV system has a non-linear output characteristic because of weather intermittency, which tends to a substantial loss in overall system output. Thus, to optimize the output of the PV system, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to track the global maximum power point (GMPP) and extract the maximum power from the PV system under different weather conditions with better precision. Since MPPT is an essential part of the PV system, to date, many MPPT methods have been developed by various researchers, each with unique features. A Google Scholar survey of the last five years (2015–2020) was performed to investigate the number of review articles published. It was found that overall, seventy-one review articles were published on different MPPT techniques; out of those, only four were on non-uniform solar irradiance, and seven review articles included shading conditions. Unfortunately, very few attempts were made in this regard. Therefore, a comprehensive review paper on this topic is needed, in which almost all the well-known MPPT techniques should be encapsulated in one document. This article focuses on online and soft-computing MPPT algorithm classifications under non-uniform irradiance conditions along with their mathematical expression, operating principles, and block diagram/flow charts. It will provide a direction for future research and development in the field of maximum power point tracking optimization.
Amjad Ali; K. Almutairi; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Kashif Irshad; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Hasan Zahir; Saiful Islam; Shafiullah; Neeraj Kumar Shukla. Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions. Energies 2020, 13, 3256 .
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, K. Almutairi, Muhammad Zeeshan Malik, Kashif Irshad, Vineet Tirth, Salem Algarni, Hasan Zahir, Saiful Islam, Shafiullah, Neeraj Kumar Shukla. Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions. Energies. 2020; 13 (12):3256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; K. Almutairi; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Kashif Irshad; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Hasan Zahir; Saiful Islam; Shafiullah; Neeraj Kumar Shukla. 2020. "Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions." Energies 13, no. 12: 3256.
Air quality models simulate the atmospheric environment systems and provide increased domain knowledge and reliable forecasting. They provide early warnings to the population and reduce the number of measuring stations. Due to the complexity and non-linear behavior associated with air quality data, soft computing models became popular in air quality modeling (AQM). This study critically investigates, analyses, and summarizes the existing soft computing modeling approaches. Among the many soft computing techniques in AQM, this article reviews and discusses artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), evolutionary ANN and SVM, the fuzzy logic model, neuro-fuzzy systems, the deep learning model, ensemble, and other hybrid models. Besides, it sheds light on employed input variables, data processing approaches, and targeted objective functions during modeling. It was observed that many advanced, reliable, and self-organized soft computing models like functional network, genetic programming, type-2 fuzzy logic, genetic fuzzy, genetic neuro-fuzzy, and case-based reasoning are rarely explored in AQM. Therefore, the partially explored and unexplored soft computing techniques can be appropriate choices for research in the field of air quality modeling. The discussion in this paper will help to determine the suitability and appropriateness of a particular model for a specific modeling context.
Muhammad Muhitur Rahman; Shafiullah; Syed Masiur Rahman; Abu Nasser Khondaker; Abduljamiu Amao; Hasan Zahir. Soft Computing Applications in Air Quality Modeling: Past, Present, and Future. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4045 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Muhitur Rahman, Shafiullah, Syed Masiur Rahman, Abu Nasser Khondaker, Abduljamiu Amao, Hasan Zahir. Soft Computing Applications in Air Quality Modeling: Past, Present, and Future. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4045.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Muhitur Rahman; Shafiullah; Syed Masiur Rahman; Abu Nasser Khondaker; Abduljamiu Amao; Hasan Zahir. 2020. "Soft Computing Applications in Air Quality Modeling: Past, Present, and Future." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4045.
In this work, single-crystalline large-scale LaCO3OH nanoprism morphologies were synthesized by controlling La and Ca molar ratio and the hydrothermal reaction conditions. The nanoprism morphologies of LaCO3OH were unique in nature with a sharp corner and smooth surfaces. The hydrothermal reaction was carried out in the absence of organic additives or templates and (NH4)2CO3 was used as a precipitation agent. The molar ratio of La:Ca was varied over the following values (the sample shorthand is given in parentheses): 75:25 mol% (LC-1), 50:50 mol% (LC-2), and 25:75 mol% (LC-3). Phase-pure LaCO3OH nanoprisms formed at a La:Ca molar ratio of 75:25 mol% without any assistance of catalysts or template. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the as-synthesized powders showed one broad emission band centered at 394 nm after excitation of the pure LC-3 LaCO3OH nanoprisms at λ = 280 nm. The PL intensities were decreased in the order of LC-1 < LC-2< LC-3. The LC-1 and LC-2 samples had almost the same PL intensities probably due to their unique and smooth particle morphology. The calcination result of three samples treated for two hours at 800 °C, shows a reduction in NO activities over highly distributed CaO comprising La2O3. Further, under the presence of H2O and O2 vapor, CaO comprising La2O3 catalysts shows higher stability for the reduction of NO with CH4.
Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Shafiullah; Amjad Ali; Firoz Khan; Khaled Own Mohaisen; Masoud Al-Rasheidi. LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties. Catalysts 2020, 10, 394 .
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Mohammad Mominur Rahman, Shafiullah, Amjad Ali, Firoz Khan, Khaled Own Mohaisen, Masoud Al-Rasheidi. LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties. Catalysts. 2020; 10 (4):394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Shafiullah; Amjad Ali; Firoz Khan; Khaled Own Mohaisen; Masoud Al-Rasheidi. 2020. "LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties." Catalysts 10, no. 4: 394.
This study investigates the performance of the thermoelectric air conditioning (TE-AC) system smartly controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT)-based configuration for real tropical climatic application. Air cooling management was done through thermoelectric coolers, and an Arduino microcontroller with various sensors such as a temperature sensor, simple RF modules, and actuators was used to control the indoor climatic conditions based on outdoor conditions. The result shows that when the input power supply to the IoT-based TE-AC system is increased, the cooling capacity of the framework is also enhanced. Significant power and carbon emission reduction was observed for the IoT-based TE-AC system as compared to the TE-AC system without IoT. The IoT-incorporated system also ensures better microclimatic temperature control. Additionally, the system cooling capacity improves by 14.0%, and the coefficient of performance is increased by 46.3%. Thus, this study provides a smart solution to the two major energy harvesting issues of traditional air conditioners—an increase in energy efficiency by employing a TE-AC system and a further improvement in efficiency by using an IoT-based thermal management system.
Kashif Irshad; Abdulmohsen Almalawi; Asif Irshad Khan; Mottahir Alam; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1564 .
AMA StyleKashif Irshad, Abdulmohsen Almalawi, Asif Irshad Khan, Mottahir Alam, Hasan Zahir, Amjad Ali. An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKashif Irshad; Abdulmohsen Almalawi; Asif Irshad Khan; Mottahir Alam; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. 2020. "An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1564.
Heat energy storage systems were fabricated with the impregnation method using MgO and Mg(OH)2 as supporting materials and polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) as the functional phase. MgO and Mg(OH)2 were synthesized from the salt Mg(NO3)·6H2O by performing hydrothermal reactions with various precipitating agents. The precipitating agents were NaOH, KOH, NH3, NH3 with pamoic acid (PA), or (NH4)2CO3. The result shows that the selection of the precipitating agent has a significant impact on the crystallite structure, size, and shape of the final products. Of the precipitating agents tested, only NaOH and NH3 with PA produce single-phase Mg(OH)2 as the as-synthesized product. Pore size distribution analyses revealed that the surfaces of the as-synthesized MgO have a slit-like pore structure with a broad-type pore size distribution, whereas the as-synthesized Mg(OH)2 has a mesoporous structure with a narrow pore size distribution. This structure enhances the latent heat of the phase change material (PCM) as well as super cooling mitigation. The PEG/Mg(OH)2 PCM also exhibits reproducible behavior over a large number of thermal cycles. Both MgO and Mg(OH)2 matrices prevent the leakage of liquid PEG during the phase transition in phase change materials (PCMs). However, MgO/PEG has a low impregnation ratio and efficiency, with a low thermal storage capability. This is due to the large pore diameter, which does not allow MgO to retain a larger amount of PEG. The latent heat values of PEG-1000/PEG-6000 blends with MgO and Mg(OH)2 were also determined with a view to extending the application of the PCMs to energy storage over wider temperature ranges.
Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Mohammad Rahman; Mohammad Rahman. Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials for Solar Energy Storage: MgO and Mg(OH)2 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 1773 .
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Mohammad Mizanur Rahman, Kashif Irshad, Mohammad Mominur Rahman, Mohammad Rahman, Mohammad Rahman. Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials for Solar Energy Storage: MgO and Mg(OH)2 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9 (12):1773.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Mohammad Rahman; Mohammad Rahman. 2019. "Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials for Solar Energy Storage: MgO and Mg(OH)2 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12: 1773.
Ca2+-doped MgCO3 forms a porous matrix that can encapsulate polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) using a simple impregnation method to form a shape-stabilized functional phase change composite for use in thermal energy storage. A facile hydrothermal route was developed to prepare unique rhombohedral anhydrous MgCO3. The rhombohedral building blocks disintegrated during a hydrothermal reaction in the presence of 15 mol % Ca2+ (15CaMgCO3) to produce very small particles with a porous structure. The hydrothermally synthesized 15CaMgCO3 powders were used to encapsulate PEG and form a phase change material that did not leak liquid PEG during phase transitions. This PEG/15CaMgCO3 shape-stabilized composite phase change material displayed reproducible behavior over a large number of thermal cycles. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results indicate that the melting temperature of the PEG/15CaMgCO3 material is 61.59 °C, and the latent heat is 193 J/g. The composites have significantly higher thermal enthalpies, high thermal conductivities, and less supercooling than those of long-established shape-stabilized phase change materials (PCMs). The presence of OH– on the surface of the PCM probably mitigates the supercooling effect. These results were confirmed with DSC and thermogravimetric analysis, and the characteristics of the PCMs were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and pore size distribution data.
Hasan Zahir; Kashif Irshad; Abdul Aziz; Shafiullah; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Mohammad M. Hossain. Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Solar Thermal Energy Storage: CaO Containing MgCO3 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol. Energy & Fuels 2019, 33, 12041 -12051.
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Kashif Irshad, Abdul Aziz, Shafiullah, Mohammad Mizanur Rahman, Mohammad M. Hossain. Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Solar Thermal Energy Storage: CaO Containing MgCO3 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol. Energy & Fuels. 2019; 33 (11):12041-12051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Kashif Irshad; Abdul Aziz; Shafiullah; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Mohammad M. Hossain. 2019. "Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Solar Thermal Energy Storage: CaO Containing MgCO3 Mixed with Polyethylene Glycol." Energy & Fuels 33, no. 11: 12041-12051.
Biopolymer xanthan (Xn) and its functionalized polymer xanthan acrylate (XnAc) were used to improve the antifouling properties of synthesized waterborne polyurethane (WBPU) coatings, namely, WBPU-Xn and WBPU-XnAc. XnAc was synthesized by functionalization of xanthan (Xn) using polyacrylic acid. Coating hydrophilicity, adhesive strength, and erosion all varied with the Xn and XnAc contents. A moderate erosion rate was recorded only for the WBPU-XnAc coating. A good antifouling property for longer time was found in the WBPU-XnAc coating using zinc pyrithione as a biocide in the field test.
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder; A. Madhan Kumar. Water-Erodible Xanthan-Acrylate-Polyurethane Antifouling Coating. Polymers 2019, 11, 1700 .
AMA StyleMohammad Mizanur Rahman, Hasan Zahir, Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder, A. Madhan Kumar. Water-Erodible Xanthan-Acrylate-Polyurethane Antifouling Coating. Polymers. 2019; 11 (10):1700.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Mizanur Rahman; Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder; A. Madhan Kumar. 2019. "Water-Erodible Xanthan-Acrylate-Polyurethane Antifouling Coating." Polymers 11, no. 10: 1700.
In this study, the microclimate of the test room was regulated using thermoelectric air duct cooling system (TE-AD) operated at input powers-240 W, 360 W, 480 W, 600 W, 720 W, and 840 W, on subsequent nights. Fifteen (15) healthy male volunteers were recruited to sleep under these test conditions and their sleep quality was assessed by studying objective measures such as sleep onset latency (SOL), mean skin temperature and heart rate as well as subjective parameters like predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). There was a consistent improvement on all studied parameters when the power of the system was increased from 240 W to 720 W. The mean sleep onset latency time was reduced from (M = 40.7 +/− 0.98 min) to (M = 18.33 +/− 1.18 min) when the operating power was increased from 240 W to 720 W, denoting an improvement in sleep quality. However, increasing the power further to 840 W resulted in deteriorating cooling performance of the TE-AD system leading to an increase in temperature of the test room and reduction in sleep comfort. Analysis of subjective indices of thermal comfort viz. PMV and PPD revealed that subjects are highly sensitive towards variations in microclimate achieved by changing the operating power of the TE-AD. This device was also found to be environmentally sustainable, with estimated reduction in CO2 emission calculated to be around 38% as compared to the conventional air-conditioning.
Kashif Irshad; Salem Algarni; Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad; Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan; Khairul Habib; Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen; Hasan Zahir; Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed. Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants. Energies 2019, 12, 3695 .
AMA StyleKashif Irshad, Salem Algarni, Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad, Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan, Khairul Habib, Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen, Hasan Zahir, Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed. Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants. Energies. 2019; 12 (19):3695.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKashif Irshad; Salem Algarni; Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad; Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan; Khairul Habib; Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen; Hasan Zahir; Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed. 2019. "Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants." Energies 12, no. 19: 3695.
Tareq A. Al-Attas; Syed Ahmed Ali; Hasan Zahir; Qingang Xiong; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair O. Malaibari; Shaikh Razzak; Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. Recent Advances in Heavy Oil Upgrading Using Dispersed Catalysts. Energy & Fuels 2019, 33, 7917 -7949.
AMA StyleTareq A. Al-Attas, Syed Ahmed Ali, Hasan Zahir, Qingang Xiong, Saad A. Al-Bogami, Zuhair O. Malaibari, Shaikh Razzak, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. Recent Advances in Heavy Oil Upgrading Using Dispersed Catalysts. Energy & Fuels. 2019; 33 (9):7917-7949.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTareq A. Al-Attas; Syed Ahmed Ali; Hasan Zahir; Qingang Xiong; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair O. Malaibari; Shaikh Razzak; Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. 2019. "Recent Advances in Heavy Oil Upgrading Using Dispersed Catalysts." Energy & Fuels 33, no. 9: 7917-7949.
In the quest for alternatives for fossil fuels, phase change materials (PCMs) have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to store renewable thermal energy. Compared to other storage systems, PCM systems are of low cost and capable of the storage of a high density of energy. However, few drawbacks hinder their practical application at an industrial scale. Among the drawbacks, supercooling problem affecting all types of PCMs is crucial. Supercooling as a shortcoming in PCM applications limits their practical applications. However, a comprehensive discussion or review articles have not been published. A PCM can exists in the liquid form below the phase change temperature or its freezing point, without fully freezing, due to supercooling. Thus, practical applications are limited by major problems such as the temperature variations and the increase of energy consumption. In this paper, most of the reported supercooling mitigation techniques for various types of PCMs and nanofluids are reviewed. These techniques are based mainly on adding nucleating agents (such as carbon nanotubes, fine salt particles, and nanoaditives), thickeners (such as carboxy methyl cellulose), and macroporous structures. The mitigation of phase separation and thermal cycling effects on supercooling are also discussed. The mitigation of supercooling in encapsulated organic PCMs, which is an important issue that is not very well understood, too is briefly addressed. Recommendations and future challenges to enhance the application of PCMs are discussed.
Hasan Zahir; Shamseldin A. Mohamed; R. Saidur; Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman. Supercooling of phase-change materials and the techniques used to mitigate the phenomenon. Applied Energy 2019, 240, 793 -817.
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Shamseldin A. Mohamed, R. Saidur, Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman. Supercooling of phase-change materials and the techniques used to mitigate the phenomenon. Applied Energy. 2019; 240 ():793-817.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Shamseldin A. Mohamed; R. Saidur; Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman. 2019. "Supercooling of phase-change materials and the techniques used to mitigate the phenomenon." Applied Energy 240, no. : 793-817.
This study investigates the promotional effects of implementing a co-catalytic system for hydrocracking of vacuum gas oil (VGO) that includes both dispersed and supported solid catalysts. A novel nickel-based p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (Ni-TBC[4]) was employed as a dispersed catalyst in addition to a commercial first-stage hydrocracking supported catalyst. Slurry-phase hydrocracking was conducted isothermally under a hydrogen pressure of 8.5 MPa in a batch autoclave reactor by varying the reaction temperature (390–450 °C) and duration (0.5–1.5 h). The use of the synthesized metallocalixarene as a dispersed catalyst precursor enhanced the hydrogenation activity and noticeably reduced the coke and gas formation. The yields of coke and gases decreased upon introducing the dispersed catalyst along with the supported solid catalyst by 35.86% and 13.90%, respectively. The yield of naphtha increased from 15.27 wt% to 16.36 wt%, and that of distillate increased from 52.17 wt% to 53.57 wt% compared with the use of the supported catalyst, while the conversion of VGO was unchanged at about 83.20%. The value of the dimensionless catalytic activity parameter proved the existence of the synergy between the two catalysts since it is much higher than that acquired through the algebraically calculated yields. A five-lump discrete kinetic scheme was developed based on the experimental data governed from both the standalone supported catalyst and the mixed catalysts. The model incorporated the conversion of VGO to distillate, naphtha, and C1–C5 gaseous hydrocarbons in addition to coke deposition. The activation energy of the distillate formation was reduced from 65.39 kcal/mol to 57.32 kcal/mol by adding a Ni-TBC[4] catalyst precursor in the presence of supported catalyst.
Tareq A. Al-Attas; Hassan Zahir; Syed A. Ali; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair Malaibari; Shaikh A. Razzak; Mohammad M. Hossain. Kinetics of the synergy effects in heavy oil upgrading using novel Ni-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene as a dispersed catalyst with a supported catalyst. Fuel Processing Technology 2018, 185, 158 -168.
AMA StyleTareq A. Al-Attas, Hassan Zahir, Syed A. Ali, Saad A. Al-Bogami, Zuhair Malaibari, Shaikh A. Razzak, Mohammad M. Hossain. Kinetics of the synergy effects in heavy oil upgrading using novel Ni-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene as a dispersed catalyst with a supported catalyst. Fuel Processing Technology. 2018; 185 ():158-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTareq A. Al-Attas; Hassan Zahir; Syed A. Ali; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair Malaibari; Shaikh A. Razzak; Mohammad M. Hossain. 2018. "Kinetics of the synergy effects in heavy oil upgrading using novel Ni-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene as a dispersed catalyst with a supported catalyst." Fuel Processing Technology 185, no. : 158-168.
This study investigates the promotional effects of a potentially new class of oil-soluble dispersed catalyst precursors for the upgrading of vacuum gas oil (VGO), i.e. metal-based p-tert-butylcalix[4]arenes (TBCs[4]). Co- and Ni-TBC[4] were synthesized, where the metal-ligand complexation was confirmed by SEM-EDX, ICP, XRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR, and 1H NMR. The thermogravimetric and calorimetric behaviors of the synthesized complexes, which are key properties of dispersed hydrocracking catalysts, were also studied. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profile of Ni-TBC[4] and Co-TBC[4] showed that the organometallic structure has lower thermal stability compared with that of the parent TBC[4]. This apparent drawback can be positively exploited by employing the TBC[4] as a carrier of the metal, where the active sites are formed in-situ by the destruction of the organometallic complex upon reaching the desired reaction conditions. The catalytic performance of the synthesized precursors was evaluated using a batch autoclave reactor with varying concentrations of catalyst precursors at 420-450°C. The results show that the synthesized metal-based TBC[4] dispersed catalysts evidently enhanced the hydrogenation activity and reduced coke formation. The addition of 500 ppm Co and Ni as standalone dispersed catalysts produced distillate yields of 45.7 wt% and 49.7 wt% and a coke laydown of 2.6 wt% and 2.3 wt%, respectively. Increasing the concentration of catalyst precursors enhanced the conversion of VGO from 86.17% at 100 ppm Ni to 88.28% at 500 ppm Ni. Moreover, as the metal concentration increased from 100 ppm to 500 ppm, the distillate yield increased from 36.87 wt% to 49.66 wt% while the yield of gases decreased from 20.48 wt% to 17.12 wt% because the hydrogenation reactions were enhanced. In contrast, the yields of distillate and naphtha decreased by 14.12% and 15.36% as the temperature increased from 420°C to 450°C.
Tareq Ali Al-Attas; Hasan Zahir; Syed Ahmed Ali; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair Malaibari; Shaikh Razzak; Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. Novel (Co-,Ni)-p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes as Dispersed Catalysts for Heavy Oil Upgrading: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation. Energy & Fuels 2018, 33, 561 -573.
AMA StyleTareq Ali Al-Attas, Hasan Zahir, Syed Ahmed Ali, Saad A. Al-Bogami, Zuhair Malaibari, Shaikh Razzak, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. Novel (Co-,Ni)-p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes as Dispersed Catalysts for Heavy Oil Upgrading: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation. Energy & Fuels. 2018; 33 (1):561-573.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTareq Ali Al-Attas; Hasan Zahir; Syed Ahmed Ali; Saad A. Al-Bogami; Zuhair Malaibari; Shaikh Razzak; Mohammad Mozahar Hossain. 2018. "Novel (Co-,Ni)-p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes as Dispersed Catalysts for Heavy Oil Upgrading: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation." Energy & Fuels 33, no. 1: 561-573.
The capacities of the p-t-butylcalix[8]arene (abbreviated as H8L) host to extract toxic divalent heavy metal ions and silver from aqueous solution phases containing ammonia or ethylene diamine to an organic phase (nitrobenzene, dichloromethane, or chloroform) were carried out. When the metal ions were extracted from an aqueous ammonia solution, the metal ion selectivity for extraction was found to decrease in the order Cd2+> Ni2+> Cu2+> Ag+> Co2+> Zn2+. When the aqueous phase contained ethylene diamine, excellent extraction efficiencies of 97% and 90% were observed for the heavy metal ions Cu2+ and Cd2+, respectively. Under the same conditions the extraction of octahedral type metal ions, namely, Co2+ and Ni2+, was suppressed. The extraction of transition metal cations by H8L in ammonia and/or amine was found to be pH dependent. Detailed analysis of extraction behavior was investigated by slope analysis, the continuous variation method, and by loading tests.
Hasan Zahir; Shakhawat Chowdhury; Abdul Aziz; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman. Host–Guest Extraction of Heavy Metal Ions with p-t-Butylcalix[8]arene from Ammonia or Amine Solutions. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2018, 2018, 1 -11.
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Shakhawat Chowdhury, Abdul Aziz, Mohammad Mizanur Rahman. Host–Guest Extraction of Heavy Metal Ions with p-t-Butylcalix[8]arene from Ammonia or Amine Solutions. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 2018; 2018 ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Shakhawat Chowdhury; Abdul Aziz; Mohammad Mizanur Rahman. 2018. "Host–Guest Extraction of Heavy Metal Ions with p-t-Butylcalix[8]arene from Ammonia or Amine Solutions." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2018, no. : 1-11.