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Fusarium graminearum is a major fungal pathogen affecting crops of worldwide importance. F. graminearum produces type B trichothecene mycotoxins (TCTB), which are not fully eliminated during food and feed processing. Therefore, the best way to minimize TCTB contamination is to develop prevention strategies. Herein we show that treatment with the reduced form of the γ-core of the tick defensin DefMT3, referred to as TickCore3 (TC3), decreases F. graminearum growth and abrogates TCTB production. The oxidized form of TC3 loses antifungal activity, but retains anti-mycotoxin activity. Molecular dynamics show that TC3 is recruited by specific membrane phospholipids in F. graminearum and that membrane binding of the oxidized form of TC3 is unstable. Capping each of the three cysteine residues of TC3 with methyl groups reduces its inhibitory efficacy. Substitutions of the positively-charged residues lysine (Lys) 6 or arginine 7 by threonine had the highest and the lesser impact, respectively, on the anti-mycotoxin activity of TC3. We conclude that the binding of linear TC3 to F. graminearum membrane phospholipids is required for the antifungal activity of the reduced peptide. Besides, Lys6 appears essential for the anti-mycotoxin activity of the reduced peptide. Our results provide foundation for developing novel and environment-friendly strategies for controlling F. graminearum.
Valentin Leannec-Rialland; Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chereau; Nadia Ponts; Miray Tonk; Andreas Vilcinskas; Nathalie Ferrer; James J. Valdés; Florence Richard-Forget. Tick defensin γ-core reduces Fusarium graminearum growth and abrogates mycotoxins production with high efficiency. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.
AMA StyleValentin Leannec-Rialland, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz, Vessela Atanasova, Sylvain Chereau, Nadia Ponts, Miray Tonk, Andreas Vilcinskas, Nathalie Ferrer, James J. Valdés, Florence Richard-Forget. Tick defensin γ-core reduces Fusarium graminearum growth and abrogates mycotoxins production with high efficiency. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentin Leannec-Rialland; Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chereau; Nadia Ponts; Miray Tonk; Andreas Vilcinskas; Nathalie Ferrer; James J. Valdés; Florence Richard-Forget. 2021. "Tick defensin γ-core reduces Fusarium graminearum growth and abrogates mycotoxins production with high efficiency." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.
Consumption of cereals contaminated by mycotoxins poses health risks. For instance, Fumonisins B, mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum, and the type B trichothecene deoxynivalenol, typically produced by Fusarium graminearum, are highly prevalent on cereal grains that are staples of many cultural diets and known to represent a toxic risk hazard. In Peru, corn and other cereals are frequently consumed on a daily basis under various forms, the majority of food grains being sold through traditional markets for direct consumption. Here, we surveyed mycotoxin contents of market-bought grain samples in order to assess the threat these mycotoxins might represent to Peruvian population, with a focus on corn. We found that nearly one sample of Peruvian corn out of six was contaminated with very high levels of Fumonisins, levels mostly ascribed to the presence of F. verticillioides. Extensive profiling of Peruvian corn kernels for fungal contaminants could provide elements to refine the potential risk associated with Fusarium toxins and help define adapted food safety standards.
Christine Ducos; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Sylvain Chereau; Florence Richard-Forget; Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín; Juan Cerapio; Sandro Casavilca-Zambrano; Eloy Ruiz; Pascal Pineau; Stéphane Bertani; Nadia Ponts. Natural Occurrence of Mycotoxin-Producing Fusaria in Market-Bought Peruvian Cereals: A Food Safety Threat for Andean Populations. Toxins 2021, 13, 172 .
AMA StyleChristine Ducos, Laetitia Pinson-Gadais, Sylvain Chereau, Florence Richard-Forget, Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín, Juan Cerapio, Sandro Casavilca-Zambrano, Eloy Ruiz, Pascal Pineau, Stéphane Bertani, Nadia Ponts. Natural Occurrence of Mycotoxin-Producing Fusaria in Market-Bought Peruvian Cereals: A Food Safety Threat for Andean Populations. Toxins. 2021; 13 (2):172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Ducos; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Sylvain Chereau; Florence Richard-Forget; Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín; Juan Cerapio; Sandro Casavilca-Zambrano; Eloy Ruiz; Pascal Pineau; Stéphane Bertani; Nadia Ponts. 2021. "Natural Occurrence of Mycotoxin-Producing Fusaria in Market-Bought Peruvian Cereals: A Food Safety Threat for Andean Populations." Toxins 13, no. 2: 172.
Fusarium graminearum is a fungal pathogen that can colonize small-grain cereals and maize and secrete type B trichothecene (TCTB) mycotoxins. The development of environmental-friendly strategies guaranteeing the safety of food and feed is a key challenge facing agriculture today. One of these strategies lies on the promising capacity of products issued from natural sources to counteract crop pests. In this work, the in vitro efficiency of sixteen extracts obtained from eight natural sources using subcritical water extraction at two temperatures was assessed against fungal growth and TCTB production by F. graminearum. Maritime pine sawdust extract was shown to be extremely efficient, leading to a significant inhibition of up to 89% of the fungal growth and up to 65% reduction of the mycotoxin production by F. graminearum. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of this active extract revealed the presence of three families of phenolics with a predominance of methylated compounds and suggested that the abundance of methylated structures, and therefore of hydrophobic compounds, could be a primary factor underpinning the activity of the maritime pine sawdust extract. Altogether, our data support that wood/forest by-products could be promising sources of bioactive compounds for controlling F. graminearum and its production of mycotoxins.
Mathilde Montibus; Xavier Vitrac; Véronique Coma; Anne Loron; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Nathalie Ferrer; Marie-Noëlle Verdal-Bonnin; Julien Gabaston; Pierre Waffo-Téguo; Florence Richard-Forget; Vessela Atanasova. Screening of Wood/Forest and Vine By-Products as Sources of New Drugs for Sustainable Strategies to Control Fusarium graminearum and the Production of Mycotoxins. Molecules 2021, 26, 405 .
AMA StyleMathilde Montibus, Xavier Vitrac, Véronique Coma, Anne Loron, Laetitia Pinson-Gadais, Nathalie Ferrer, Marie-Noëlle Verdal-Bonnin, Julien Gabaston, Pierre Waffo-Téguo, Florence Richard-Forget, Vessela Atanasova. Screening of Wood/Forest and Vine By-Products as Sources of New Drugs for Sustainable Strategies to Control Fusarium graminearum and the Production of Mycotoxins. Molecules. 2021; 26 (2):405.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathilde Montibus; Xavier Vitrac; Véronique Coma; Anne Loron; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Nathalie Ferrer; Marie-Noëlle Verdal-Bonnin; Julien Gabaston; Pierre Waffo-Téguo; Florence Richard-Forget; Vessela Atanasova. 2021. "Screening of Wood/Forest and Vine By-Products as Sources of New Drugs for Sustainable Strategies to Control Fusarium graminearum and the Production of Mycotoxins." Molecules 26, no. 2: 405.
Enniatins (ENNs) that belong to the group of emerging mycotoxins are widespread contaminants of agricultural commodities. There is currently insufficient evidence to rule out health concerns associated with long-term exposure to ENNs and efforts must be strengthened to define a control strategy. While the potential of plant compounds to counteract the contamination with legislated mycotoxins has been reported, little remains known regarding ENNs. The present study evidenced for the first time the efficiency of hydroxycinnamic acids to inhibit the fungal growth and ENNs yield by Fusarium avenaceum. Notably, 0.5 mM of exogenous ferulic, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids led to a drastic reduction of ENNs synthesis in pH4 broths, with ferulic acid being the most potent. The ENNs production inhibitory activity of ferulic acid was shown to be associated with a significant down-regulation of the expression of ENNs biosynthetic genes. To further investigate the bioactivity of ferulic acid, its metabolic fate was characterized in fungal broths and the capacity of F. avenaceum to metabolize it through a C2-cleavage type degradation was demonstrated. Overall, our data support the promising use of ferulic acid in ENNs control strategies, either as part of an environmentally friendly plant-care product or as a biomarker of plant resistance.
Charlotte Gautier; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Marie-Noelle Verdal-Bonnin; Christine Ducos; Judith Tremblay; Sylvain Chéreau; Vessela Atanasova; Florence Richard-Forget. Investigating the Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Enniatins by Fusarium avenaceum and Modulate the Expression of Enniatins Biosynthetic Genes. Toxins 2020, 12, 735 .
AMA StyleCharlotte Gautier, Laetitia Pinson-Gadais, Marie-Noelle Verdal-Bonnin, Christine Ducos, Judith Tremblay, Sylvain Chéreau, Vessela Atanasova, Florence Richard-Forget. Investigating the Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Enniatins by Fusarium avenaceum and Modulate the Expression of Enniatins Biosynthetic Genes. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):735.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCharlotte Gautier; Laetitia Pinson-Gadais; Marie-Noelle Verdal-Bonnin; Christine Ducos; Judith Tremblay; Sylvain Chéreau; Vessela Atanasova; Florence Richard-Forget. 2020. "Investigating the Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Enniatins by Fusarium avenaceum and Modulate the Expression of Enniatins Biosynthetic Genes." Toxins 12, no. 12: 735.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the worldwide most important mycotoxins in terms of health and agroeconomic consequences. With the aim to promote the use of phytochemicals as alternatives to synthetic fungicides, the effect of hydroxycinnamic acids on the fungal growth and OTA yield by two major OTA-producing species was investigated. After a first step dedicated to the definition of most suitable culture conditions, the impact of 0.5 mM ferulic (FER), p-coumaric (COUM), caffeic and chlorogenic acids was evaluated on Aspergillus westerdijkiae and Penicillium verrucosum. Whereas no fungal growth reduction was observed regardless of the phenolic acid and fungal isolate, our results demonstrated the capacity of FER and COUM to inhibit OTA production. The most efficient compound was FER that led to a 70% reduction of OTA yielded by P. verrucosum and, although not statistically significant, a 35% inhibition of OTA produced by A. westerdijkiae. To further investigate the bioactivity of FER and COUM, their metabolic fate was characterized in fungal broths. The capacity of P. verrucosum to metabolize FER and COUM through a C2-clivage type degradation was demonstrated. Overall, our data support the potential use of FER to prevent OTA contamination and reduce the use of synthetic pesticides.
Saranyaphat Boonmee; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau; Gisèle Marchegay; Kevin D. Hyde; Florence Richard-Forget. Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Phenolic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Ochratoxin A by Aspergillus westerdijkiae and Penicillium verrucosum. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8548 .
AMA StyleSaranyaphat Boonmee, Vessela Atanasova, Sylvain Chéreau, Gisèle Marchegay, Kevin D. Hyde, Florence Richard-Forget. Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Phenolic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Ochratoxin A by Aspergillus westerdijkiae and Penicillium verrucosum. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (22):8548.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaranyaphat Boonmee; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau; Gisèle Marchegay; Kevin D. Hyde; Florence Richard-Forget. 2020. "Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Phenolic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Ochratoxin A by Aspergillus westerdijkiae and Penicillium verrucosum." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22: 8548.
The risk of contamination of agricultural commodities with mycotoxins affects every part of the world. Despite all the efforts of the past decades to improve control strategies to minimize the contamination levels of these toxic fungal metabolites including the implementation of good agricultural and manufacturing practices, there is currently no available strategies that allow ensuring the lack of mycotoxins in food and feed products. This is especially true for mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species that mostly contaminate cereal grains during crop cultivation and are only partially removed by processing. A key condition to strengthen prevention strategies is to increase the knowledge regarding the determinants and factors that govern the fungal growth and production of mycotoxins and lead to the contamination of agricultural commodities. To tackle this challenge, metabolomics is a method of choice. Indeed, metabolomics that allows exploring the connections between central metabolism and specialized fungal metabolic pathways is a golden tool to decipher the regulatory mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis. Metabolomics is also a powerful tool to investigate the chemical interactions between toxigenic fungi and both the plant host and the surrounding microbial communities. Additionally, metabolomics has the potential to meet the challenge of simultaneously analyzing the major and so-called emerging mycotoxins together with their modified forms and is therefore a promising technology to increase the reliability of risk assessment. In this review, we intend to demonstrate how metabolomic applications could pave the avenue for new and efficient developments to mitigate food and feed contamination with mycotoxins.
Florence Richard-Forget; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau. Using metabolomics to guide strategies to tackle the issue of the contamination of food and feed with mycotoxins: A review of the literature with specific focus on Fusarium mycotoxins. Food Control 2020, 121, 107610 .
AMA StyleFlorence Richard-Forget, Vessela Atanasova, Sylvain Chéreau. Using metabolomics to guide strategies to tackle the issue of the contamination of food and feed with mycotoxins: A review of the literature with specific focus on Fusarium mycotoxins. Food Control. 2020; 121 ():107610.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlorence Richard-Forget; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau. 2020. "Using metabolomics to guide strategies to tackle the issue of the contamination of food and feed with mycotoxins: A review of the literature with specific focus on Fusarium mycotoxins." Food Control 121, no. : 107610.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR)-based metabolomic profiling has a range of applications in plant sciences. The aim of the present work is to provide advice for minimizing uncontrolled variability in plant sample preparation before and during NMR metabolomic profiling, taking into account sample composition, including its specificity in terms of pH and paramagnetic ion concentrations, and NMR spectrometer performances. An automation of spectrometer preparation routine standardization before NMR acquisition campaign was implemented and tested on three plant sample sets (extracts of durum wheat spikelet, Arabidopsis leaf and root, and flax leaf, root and stem). We performed 1H-NMR spectroscopy in three different sites on the wheat sample set utilizing instruments from two manufacturers with different probes and magnetic field strengths. The three collections of spectra were processed separately with the NMRProcFlow web tool using intelligent bucketing, and the resulting buckets were subjected to multivariate analysis. Comparability of large- (Arabidopsis) and medium-size (flax) datasets measured at 600 MHz and from the wheat sample set recorded at the three sites (400, 500 and 600 MHz) was exceptionally good in terms of spectral quality. The coefficient of variation of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of two selected peaks was comprised between 5 and 10% depending on the size of sample set and the spectrometer field. EDTA addition improved citrate and malate resonance patterns for wheat sample sets. A collection of 22 samples of wheat spikelet extracts was used as a proof of concept and showed that the data collected at the three sites on instruments of different field strengths and manufacturers yielded the same discrimination pattern of the biological groups. Standardization or automation of several steps from extract preparation to data reduction improves data quality for small to large collections of plant samples of different origins.
Catherine Deborde; Jean-Xavier Fontaine; Daniel Jacob; Adolfo Botana; Valérie Nicaise; Florence Richard-Forget; Sylvain LeComte; Cédric Decourtil; Kamar Hamade; François Mesnard; Annick Moing; Roland Molinié. Optimizing 1D 1H-NMR profiling of plant samples for high throughput analysis: extract preparation, standardization, automation and spectra processing. Metabolomics 2019, 15, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCatherine Deborde, Jean-Xavier Fontaine, Daniel Jacob, Adolfo Botana, Valérie Nicaise, Florence Richard-Forget, Sylvain LeComte, Cédric Decourtil, Kamar Hamade, François Mesnard, Annick Moing, Roland Molinié. Optimizing 1D 1H-NMR profiling of plant samples for high throughput analysis: extract preparation, standardization, automation and spectra processing. Metabolomics. 2019; 15 (3):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCatherine Deborde; Jean-Xavier Fontaine; Daniel Jacob; Adolfo Botana; Valérie Nicaise; Florence Richard-Forget; Sylvain LeComte; Cédric Decourtil; Kamar Hamade; François Mesnard; Annick Moing; Roland Molinié. 2019. "Optimizing 1D 1H-NMR profiling of plant samples for high throughput analysis: extract preparation, standardization, automation and spectra processing." Metabolomics 15, no. 3: 1-12.
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species and is a very common contaminant of maize-based food and feed throughout the world. The selection and use of FB1-degrading microorganisms appears as a promising alternative to cope with the problem of toxicity towards humans and livestock. High moisture maize grain silage, which is based on natural maize fermentation, could be an interesting reservoir of such microorganisms. Using an in vitro simulated silage model with FB1 naturally contaminated grains, we demonstrated a significant raw decrease in FB1 during ensiling process ascribed to biodegradation mechanisms. A panel of 98 bacteria and yeasts were isolated from this matrix and selected for their ability to use FB1 as the sole source of C and N. For nine of them, the ability to degrade FB1in vitro was evidenced. Notably, two bacteria identified as Lactobacillus sp. were highlighted for their efficient FB1-degrading capacity and production of hydrolysed FB1 as intermediate degradation metabolite. Fermentation of high moisture maize grain contaminated with FB1 leads to a significant reduction of the toxin and allows the isolation of FB1-degrading microorganisms that could further be used as FB1 decontaminating agents. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Ccori Martinez Tuppia; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau; Nathalie Ferrer; Gisèle Marchegay; Jean-Michel Savoie; Florence Richard-Forget. Yeast and bacteria from ensiled high moisture maize grains as potential mitigation agents of fumonisin B1. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2016, 97, 2443 -2452.
AMA StyleCcori Martinez Tuppia, Vessela Atanasova, Sylvain Chéreau, Nathalie Ferrer, Gisèle Marchegay, Jean-Michel Savoie, Florence Richard-Forget. Yeast and bacteria from ensiled high moisture maize grains as potential mitigation agents of fumonisin B1. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2016; 97 (8):2443-2452.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCcori Martinez Tuppia; Vessela Atanasova; Sylvain Chéreau; Nathalie Ferrer; Gisèle Marchegay; Jean-Michel Savoie; Florence Richard-Forget. 2016. "Yeast and bacteria from ensiled high moisture maize grains as potential mitigation agents of fumonisin B1." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97, no. 8: 2443-2452.