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Hao Wei
Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 19 March 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Plants are exposed to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses, and light is one of the most important factors that influences the plant morphology. This study was carried out to examine how the lighting direction affected the plant morphology by investigating the growth parameters, epidermal cell elongation, stomatal properties, and physiological changes. Seedlings of two head lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars, Caesar Green and Polla, were subjected to a 12 h photoperiod with a 300 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) provided by light emitting diodes (LEDs) from three directions: the top, side, and bottom, relative to the plants. Compared with the top and side lighting, the bottom lighting increased the leaf angle and canopy by stimulating the epidermal cell elongation in leaf midrib, reduced the leaf number and root biomass, and induced large stomata with a low density, which is associated with reduced stomatal conductance and carbohydrate contents. However, the proline content and quantum yield exhibited no significant differences with the different lighting directions in both cultivars, which implies that the plants were under normal physiological conditions. In a conclusion, the lighting direction had a profound effect on the morphological characteristics of lettuce, where the plants adapted to the changing lighting environments.

ACS Style

MengZhao Wang; Hao Wei; Byoung Jeong. Lighting Direction Affects Leaf Morphology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Physiology of Head Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 3157 .

AMA Style

MengZhao Wang, Hao Wei, Byoung Jeong. Lighting Direction Affects Leaf Morphology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Physiology of Head Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (6):3157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

MengZhao Wang; Hao Wei; Byoung Jeong. 2021. "Lighting Direction Affects Leaf Morphology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Physiology of Head Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6: 3157.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2020 in Agronomy
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Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is a major floricultural crop, cultivated widely for cut flowers. This study was conducted to determine the optimal supplementary light source for the cutting propagation of carnation ‘Dreambyul’ cuttings. Terminal cuttings were propagated in a glasshouse with an average of 260 µmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) coming from the sun (the control), supplemented with one of three artificial light sources: mixed (red: blue: white = 6:1:1) light-emitting diodes (LED-mix), metal halide (MH) lamps, or high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. The supplementary light was provided from 7:00 to 17:00 h at 100 µmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD during propagation. The cuttings were kept on a fogged bench in a glasshouse for 25 days with 24/15 °C day/night temperatures and 88% relative humidity. Compared with the control, better root formation was observed from cuttings grown under the supplementary lights after 10 days. After 25 days of propagation, MH significantly increased the root length, root number, root fresh and dry weights, and shoot biomass, shoot length, and shoot fresh and dry weights. The best root ball formation and the highest root activities were also found in cuttings propagated with supplementary MH light. Supplementary light increased the plant temperature, quantum yield, stomatal conductance, and the contents of chlorophyll, soluble proteins, and carbohydrates. Overall, the root formation and development of carnation ‘Dreambyul’ cuttings were significantly promoted by the three supplementary light sources. Of the three, MH was identified as the optimal supplementary light source.

ACS Style

MengZhao Wang; Jie Xiao; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Supplementary Light Source Affects Growth and Development of Carnation ‘Dreambyul’ Cuttings. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1217 .

AMA Style

MengZhao Wang, Jie Xiao, Hao Wei, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Supplementary Light Source Affects Growth and Development of Carnation ‘Dreambyul’ Cuttings. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (8):1217.

Chicago/Turabian Style

MengZhao Wang; Jie Xiao; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2020. "Supplementary Light Source Affects Growth and Development of Carnation ‘Dreambyul’ Cuttings." Agronomy 10, no. 8: 1217.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Commercial strawberries are mainly propagated using daughter plants produced on aerial runners because asexual propagation is faster than seed propagation, and daughter plants retain the characteristics of the mother plant. This study was conducted to investigate the effective factors for runner induction, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind the runner induction. An orthogonal test with 4 factors (photoperiod, temperature, gibberellin, and 6-benzyladenine), each with 3 levels was performed. Proteins were also extracted from the crowns with or without runners and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The results of the orthogonal test showed that a long-day (LD) environment was the most influential factor for the runner formation, and 50 mg·L−1 of 6-BA significantly increased the number of runners. A proteomic analysis revealed that 32 proteins were differentially expressed (2-fold, p < 0.05) in the strawberry crowns with and without runners. A total of 16 spots were up-regulated in the crowns with runners induced by LD treatment. Identified proteins were classified into seven groups according to their biological roles. The most prominent groups were carbohydrate metabolism and photosynthesis, which indicated that the carbohydrate content may increase during runner formation. A further analysis demonstrated that the soluble sugar content was positively correlated with the number of runners. Thus, it is suggested that the photoperiod and 6-BA break the dormancy of the axillary buds and produce runners by increasing the soluble sugar content in strawberry.

ACS Style

Yali Li; Jiangtao Hu; Hao Wei; Byoung Jeong. A Long-Day Photoperiod and 6-Benzyladenine Promote Runner Formation through Upregulation of Soluble Sugar Content in Strawberry. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 4917 .

AMA Style

Yali Li, Jiangtao Hu, Hao Wei, Byoung Jeong. A Long-Day Photoperiod and 6-Benzyladenine Promote Runner Formation through Upregulation of Soluble Sugar Content in Strawberry. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):4917.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Li; Jiangtao Hu; Hao Wei; Byoung Jeong. 2020. "A Long-Day Photoperiod and 6-Benzyladenine Promote Runner Formation through Upregulation of Soluble Sugar Content in Strawberry." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 4917.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Agronomy
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Pseudostellaria heterophylla, in the family Caryophyllaceae, is an important Chinese medicinal plant commonly used to treat various diseases in children and valued for its ornamental properties. In this study, nodal segments were obtained from wild plants and used as explants to develop an efficient micropropagation protocol for this species. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L−1 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) was the most suitable medium for inducing axillary buds and enhancing their growth, and MS medium containing 0.1 mg·L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was the most effective for inducing in vitro rooting. To reduce labor, time, and cost, microshoots were rooted under ex vitro conditions. Pretreatments of the shoots with 100 mg·L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 1 min ensured successful rooting in 86.7% of shoots. Comparison of the leaf microstructure between in vitro- and ex vitro-rooted plantlets revealed abnormal stomatal apparatus in the former. The stomatal apparatus of ex vitro plantlets were normal, although the stomatal density was reduced, which indicated that these plantlets were more likely to be able to adapt to environmental conditions in the field. We identified the optimal medium for P. heterophylla multiplication with respect to increased rooting efficiency of micropropagated shoots under ex vitro conditions. This results presented here will be helpful for agricultural cultivation of P. heterophylla.

ACS Style

Fengyun Wang; Xiaowei Xin; Hao Wei; Xiaohui Qiu; Boling Liu. InVitro Regeneration, ExVitro Rooting and Foliar Stoma Studies of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax. Agronomy 2020, 10, 949 .

AMA Style

Fengyun Wang, Xiaowei Xin, Hao Wei, Xiaohui Qiu, Boling Liu. InVitro Regeneration, ExVitro Rooting and Foliar Stoma Studies of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):949.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fengyun Wang; Xiaowei Xin; Hao Wei; Xiaohui Qiu; Boling Liu. 2020. "InVitro Regeneration, ExVitro Rooting and Foliar Stoma Studies of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax." Agronomy 10, no. 7: 949.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2020 in Plants
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Artificial light supplementation is widely used in modern agriculture. Due to their numerous advantages, light emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used to effectively increase the yield or control the development of crops. In the present study, the effects of supplementary morning lighting (SML) with LEDs on the physiology and stomatal characteristics of strawberry plants were studied, with the aim of awakening the plant guard cells before sunrise and enabling strawberry plants to efficiently photosynthesize immediately after sunrise. Young daughter plants of ‘Maehyang’ and ‘Seolhyang’ strawberry cultivars that have just rooted were grown under LEDs with different wavelengths—white (W), red (R), mixed blue and red (BR, 1:1), and blue (B)—to investigate the effects of the SML on the physiology, stomatal characteristics, and growth. The SML was provided for 2 h at an intensity of 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD before sunrise every morning. A group without supplementary lighting was set as the control. The results showed that the different SML qualities have significantly affected the stomatal characteristics. The B SML promoted the stomatal opening more effectively compared to the other SMLs. The stomatal conductance and quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of leaves treated with the SMLs were higher than those of the control group. The B and BR SMLs most significantly affected the stomatal conductance and quantum yield (Fv/Fm). After 30 days of the SML treatments, it was observed that the B SML effectively improved the plant quality, chlorophyll content, and carbohydrate accumulation in the two strawberry cultivars. In general, a short-term exposure to blue light before sunrise can effectively improve the quality and promote the production of strawberry plants.

ACS Style

Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Jiangtao Hu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Quality of Supplementary Morning Lighting (SML) During Propagation Period Affects Physiology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Growth of Strawberry Plants. Plants 2020, 9, 638 .

AMA Style

Hao Wei, Chen Liu, Jiangtao Hu, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Quality of Supplementary Morning Lighting (SML) During Propagation Period Affects Physiology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Growth of Strawberry Plants. Plants. 2020; 9 (5):638.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Jiangtao Hu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2020. "Quality of Supplementary Morning Lighting (SML) During Propagation Period Affects Physiology, Stomatal Characteristics, and Growth of Strawberry Plants." Plants 9, no. 5: 638.

Journal article
Published: 12 April 2020 in Agronomy
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Runner propagation is an important process in strawberry cultivation, which influences plant survival and fruit yield during the commercial production. In South Korea, this process is carried out on plug tray benches that are set off the ground in greenhouses, rather than in open fields. During the propagation, the propagation media and fogging systems play an important role in the survival and rooting of daughter plants. The aim of this study is to investigate the influences of the different types of propagation media and various fogging treatments on the rooting and early growth of strawberry daughter plants. Two strawberry cultivars—‘Maehyang’ and ‘Seolhyang’—in a glasshouse, grown in four different propagation media-a peat moss-based mixture (PBM), rockwool cube (RWC), granular rockwool (GRW), and a coir-based mixture (CBM)—combined with five fogging durations, 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days were tested. PBM with 9–12 days of fogging was the most ideal combination for the rooting and early growth of daughter plants of the two strawberry cultivars, which increased the ratio of survival and rooting, number of new leaves, root length and maximised the fresh and dry weights of the aboveground and belowground runner biomass. However, fogging treatments shorter than 9 days led to a lower survival rate and rooting. RWC and GRW are not recommended for young plants of these two strawberry cultivars because their strong water-retentive properties could subject the root to water stress, which can lead to root rotting. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for strawberry growers to improve the quality of plants and efficiency of production during the propagation period.

ACS Style

Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. An Optimal Combination of the Propagation Medium and Fogging Duration Enhances the Survival, Rooting and Early Growth of Strawberry Daughter Plants. Agronomy 2020, 10, 557 .

AMA Style

Hao Wei, Chen Liu, Byoung Ryong Jeong. An Optimal Combination of the Propagation Medium and Fogging Duration Enhances the Survival, Rooting and Early Growth of Strawberry Daughter Plants. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (4):557.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2020. "An Optimal Combination of the Propagation Medium and Fogging Duration Enhances the Survival, Rooting and Early Growth of Strawberry Daughter Plants." Agronomy 10, no. 4: 557.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2020 in Plants
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Browning is prevalent in tissue cultures of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (herbaceous peony), and severely affects and restricts the growth and differentiation of the explants. In this study, dipping excised explants in a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution as a pretreatment, adding polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to the culture medium, storing planted explants at 4 °C for 24 h, and transferring planted explants to a new medium after 24 h were considered as browning-suppression methods in tissue cultures of herbaceous peony ‘Festival Maxima’. The treated petal explants were cultured in a culture room with a 16-hour photoperiod, 25 °C temperature, and 80% relative humidity in darkness for 4 to 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that dipping excised explants in a 0.5 g·L−1 NaCl solution, adding 0.5 g·L−1 PVP to the medium, storing planted explants at 4 °C for 24 h, and transferring planted explants to the same fresh medium after 24 h could effectively inhibit browning. Adding PVP to the medium led to the greatest browning suppression percentage of 95%. Storing planted explants at 4 °C for 24 h reduced the effectiveness of other treatments in suppressing browning. After 8 weeks, dipping excised explants in a NaCl solution resulted in the highest callus induction percentage of 75%, while storing explants at 4 °C for 24 h suppressed callus formation. It was observed in all treatments that decreases in browning was accompanied with higher levels of phenols and lower activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO). Overall, the results suggest that dipping in a NaCl solution was effective in alleviating the browning issues of herbaceous peony tissue cultures, and had positive synergistic effects with PVP on browning suppression and callus induction.

ACS Style

Xuan Cai; Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Xiuxia Ren; Luc The Thi; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Synergistic Effect of NaCl Pretreatment and PVP on Browning Suppression and Callus Induction from Petal Explants of Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. ‘Festival Maxima’. Plants 2020, 9, 346 .

AMA Style

Xuan Cai, Hao Wei, Chen Liu, Xiuxia Ren, Luc The Thi, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Synergistic Effect of NaCl Pretreatment and PVP on Browning Suppression and Callus Induction from Petal Explants of Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. ‘Festival Maxima’. Plants. 2020; 9 (3):346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuan Cai; Hao Wei; Chen Liu; Xiuxia Ren; Luc The Thi; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2020. "Synergistic Effect of NaCl Pretreatment and PVP on Browning Suppression and Callus Induction from Petal Explants of Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. ‘Festival Maxima’." Plants 9, no. 3: 346.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2020 in Agronomy
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Insufficient exposure to light in the winter may result in a longer production periods and lower quality of seedlings in greenhouses for plug growers. Supplementary artificial lighting to plug seedlings may be one solution to this problem. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the duration of the supplementary light on the growth and development of two watermelon cultivars, ‘Speed’ and ‘Sambok Honey’ grafted onto ‘RS-Dongjanggun’ bottle gourd rootstocks (Lagenaria siceraria Stanld). Seedlings were grown for 10 days in a glasshouse with an average daily natural light intensity of 340 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and daily supplementary lighting of 8, 12 or 16 h from mixed LEDs (W1R2B1, chip ratio of white:red:blue = 1:2:1) at a light intensity of 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD, a group without supplementary light was set as the control (CK). The culture environment in a glasshouse had 25/15 °C day/night temperatures, an 85 ± 5% relative humidity, and a natural photoperiod of 8 h. The results showed that all the growth and development parameters of seedlings grown with supplementary light were significantly greater than those without supplementary light (CK). The 12 and 16 h supplementary light resulted in greater growth and development parameters than the 8 h supplementary light did. The same trend was also found with the indexes that reflect the quality of the seedlings, such as the dry weight ratio of the shoot and root, total biomass, dry weight to height ratio of scions, and specific leaf weight. The 12 h and 16 h light supplements resulted in greater Dickson’s quality indexes compared to the 8 h supplementary light, and the 12 h supplementary light showed the greatest use efficiency of the supplementary light. 16 h of daily supplementary light significantly increased the H2O2 content and the antioxidant enzyme activities in seedlings compared to the other treatments. This indicated that 16 h of supplementary light led to certain stresses in watermelon seedlings. In conclusion, considering the energy consumption, 12 h of supplementary light was the most efficient in improving the quality of the two cultivars of grafted watermelon plug seedlings.

ACS Style

Hao Wei; MengZhao Wang; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Lighting Duration on Growth and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings. Agronomy 2020, 10, 337 .

AMA Style

Hao Wei, MengZhao Wang, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Lighting Duration on Growth and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (3):337.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Wei; MengZhao Wang; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2020. "Effect of Supplementary Lighting Duration on Growth and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings." Agronomy 10, no. 3: 337.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2019 in Agronomy
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Lower quality and longer production periods of grafted seedlings, especially grafted plug seedlings of fruit vegetables, may result from insufficient amounts of light, particularly in rainy seasons and winter. Supplemental artificial lighting may be a feasible solution to such problems. This study was conducted to evaluate light intensity’s influence on the quality of grafted tomato seedlings, ‘Super Sunload’ and ‘Super Dotaerang’ were grafted onto the ‘B-Blocking’ rootstock. To improve their quality, grafted seedlings were moved to a glasshouse and grown for 10 days. The glasshouse had a combination of natural lighting from the sun and supplemental lighting from LEDs (W1R2B2) for 16 h/day. Light intensity of natural lighting was 490 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and that of supplemental lighting was 50, 100, or 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD. The culture environment had 30/25 °C day/night temperatures, 70% ± 5% relative humidity (RH), and a natural photoperiod of 14 h as well. Compared with quality of seedlings in supplemental lighting of 50 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD, that of seedlings in supplement lighting of 100 or 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD improved significantly. With increasing light intensity, diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight, which were used to measure shoot growth, greatly improved. Leaf area, leaf thickness, and root biomass were also greater. However, for quality of seedlings, no significant differences were discovered between supplement lighting of 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD and supplement lighting of 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD. Expressions of PsaA and PsbA (two photosynthetic genes) as well as the corresponding proteins increased significantly in supplement lightning of 100 and 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD, especially in 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD. Overall, considering quality and expressions of two photosynthetic genes and proteins, supplemental light of 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD (W1R2B1) would be the best choice to cultivate grafted tomato seedlings.

ACS Style

Hao Wei; Jin Zhao; Jiangtao Hu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Light Intensity on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes and Proteins. Agronomy 2019, 9, 339 .

AMA Style

Hao Wei, Jin Zhao, Jiangtao Hu, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Light Intensity on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes and Proteins. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (6):339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Wei; Jin Zhao; Jiangtao Hu; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2019. "Effect of Supplementary Light Intensity on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes and Proteins." Agronomy 9, no. 6: 339.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2019 in Agronomy
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Vegetative propagation using runner plants is an important method to expand the cultivation area for the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). However, excessively long runners need an increased total amount of nutrients and energy to receive elongation from mother plants, which may lead to poor growth or reduced output. The use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is an adoptable way to solve such problems. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effects of PGRs and their application methods on the growth and development of runners, runner plants, and mother plants, and also to find effective ways to control the number and length of runners without harmful side effects. Chlormequat chloride (CCC), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and ethephon (ETH) at a concentration of 100 mg·L−1 were applied via three different methods: injection into crowns, medium drench, and foliar spray. The results showed that BA injection into crowns was the most effective combination among all treatments, which prominently shortened the length of runners and increased the number of runners and leaves on a single plant. Furthermore, plants with BA solution injection tended to produce stronger runners with higher fresh and dry weights, without affecting the health states of mother plants. The ETH solution seemed to have toxic effects on plants, by leading many dead leaves and weak runners, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Other than the injection method, the other two application methods of the CCC solution did not significantly affect the growth and development of both cultivars. Runner plants grown for 30 days were not affected by any treatments, and they were in similar conditions. Overall, BA injection into crowns is recommended for controlling the number and length of strawberry runners.

ACS Style

Chen Liu; Ziwei Guo; Yoo Gyeong Park; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. PGR and Its Application Method Affect Number and Length of Runners Produced in ‘Maehyang’ and ‘Sulhyang’ Strawberries. Agronomy 2019, 9, 59 .

AMA Style

Chen Liu, Ziwei Guo, Yoo Gyeong Park, Hao Wei, Byoung Ryong Jeong. PGR and Its Application Method Affect Number and Length of Runners Produced in ‘Maehyang’ and ‘Sulhyang’ Strawberries. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (2):59.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen Liu; Ziwei Guo; Yoo Gyeong Park; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2019. "PGR and Its Application Method Affect Number and Length of Runners Produced in ‘Maehyang’ and ‘Sulhyang’ Strawberries." Agronomy 9, no. 2: 59.

Journal article
Published: 28 September 2018 in Agronomy
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Supplementary lighting is commonly used in high-quality seedling production. In this study, grafted tomato seedlings were grown for 10 days in a glasshouse with 16-h daily supplementary lighting at 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD (Photosynthetic photon flux density) from either high-pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), far-red (FR), white LEDs (Light emitting diodes) (W), or mixed LEDs (W1R2B1, where the subscript numbers indicate the ratio of the LED chips) to determine which light sources improve the seedling quality. The control seedlings did not receive any supplementary light. Physiological parameters and the expression of genes related to photosynthesis were analyzed. The results showed that root length, biomass, number of leaves, chlorophyll (SPAD), scion dry weight to height ratio (WHR), and specific leaf weight (SLW) were the greatest for grafted seedlings grown in W1R2B1. The level of root ball formation was the greatest for seedlings grown in W1R2B1, followed by those grown in W, HPS, and MH. Seedlings grown in FR did not fare well, as they were very thin and weak. Moreover, the expression of two photosynthetic genes (PsaA and PsbA) was significantly increased by W1R2B1 and W, which suggests that the plastid or nuclear genes might be regulated. The overall results suggest that W1R2B1 was the most suitable light source to enhance the quality of grafted tomato seedlings. The results of this study could be used as a reference for seedling production in glasshouses, and may provide new insights in the research on lights affecting the development of plants.

ACS Style

Hao Wei; Jiangtao Hu; Chen Liu; MengZhao Wang; Jin Zhao; Dong Il Kang; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Light Source on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes. Agronomy 2018, 8, 207 .

AMA Style

Hao Wei, Jiangtao Hu, Chen Liu, MengZhao Wang, Jin Zhao, Dong Il Kang, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Effect of Supplementary Light Source on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes. Agronomy. 2018; 8 (10):207.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Wei; Jiangtao Hu; Chen Liu; MengZhao Wang; Jin Zhao; Dong Il Kang; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2018. "Effect of Supplementary Light Source on Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes." Agronomy 8, no. 10: 207.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Agronomy
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Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC., three-leaf lady bell, is an important medicinal plant used against cancers and obesity. It has been well-established that the temperature regime affects plant growth and development in many ways. However, there is no study available correlating the growth of A. triphylla seedlings with different day and night temperature regimes. In order to find an optimal temperature regime, growth and physiology were investigated in A. triphylla plug seedlings grown in environment-controlled chambers at different day and night temperatures: 20/20 °C (day/night) (TA), 25/15 °C (TB), and 20/15 °C (TC). The seedlings in plug trays were grown under a light intensity of 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density) provided by white LEDs, a 70% relative humidity, and a 16 h (day)/8 h (night) photoperiod for six weeks. The results showed that the stem diameter, number of roots, and biomass were significantly larger for seedlings in TB than those in TA or TC. Moreover, the contents of total flavonoid, total phenol, and soluble sugar in seedlings grown in TB were markedly higher than those in seedlings in the other two treatments. Soluble protein content was the lowest in seedlings in TC, while starch content was the lowest in seedlings grown in TA. Furthermore, seedlings grown in TB showed significantly lower activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase. Native PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis further proved low activities of antioxidant isozymes in TB treatment. Meanwhile, the lowest content of hydrogen peroxide was observed in seedlings grown in TB. In conclusion, the results suggested that the 25/15 °C (day/night) temperature regime is the most suitable for the growth and physiological development of A. triphylla seedlings.

ACS Style

Ya Liu; Xiuxia Ren; Hai Kyoung Jeong; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Growth and Physiological Responses of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. Plug Seedlings to Day and Night Temperature Regimes. Agronomy 2018, 8, 173 .

AMA Style

Ya Liu, Xiuxia Ren, Hai Kyoung Jeong, Hao Wei, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Growth and Physiological Responses of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. Plug Seedlings to Day and Night Temperature Regimes. Agronomy. 2018; 8 (9):173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ya Liu; Xiuxia Ren; Hai Kyoung Jeong; Hao Wei; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2018. "Growth and Physiological Responses of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. Plug Seedlings to Day and Night Temperature Regimes." Agronomy 8, no. 9: 173.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2017 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The present study depicted the role of silicon in limiting the hyperhydricity in shoot cultures of carnation through proteomic analysis. Four-week-old healthy shoot cultures of carnation “Purple Beauty” were sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium followed with four treatments, viz. control (–Si/–Hyperhydricity), hyperhydric with no silicon treatment (–Si/+Hyperhydricity), hyperhydric with silicon treatment (+Si/+Hyperhydricity), and only silicon treated with no hyperhydricity (+Si/–Hyperhydricity). Comparing to control morphological features of hyperhydric carnations showed significantly fragile, bushy and lustrous leaf nature, while Si supply restored these effects. Proteomic investigation revealed that approximately seventy protein spots were differentially expressed under Si and/or hyperhydric treatments and were either up- or downregulated in abundance depending on their functions. Most of the identified protein spots were related to stress responses, photosynthesis, and signal transduction. Proteomic results were further confirmed through immunoblots by selecting specific proteins such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), PsaA, and PsbA. Moreover, protein–protein interaction was also performed on differentially expressed protein spots using specific bioinformatic tools. In addition, stress markers were analyzed by histochemical localization of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (O21–). In addition, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts in hyperhydric leaves significantly resulted in inefficiency of thylakoid lamella with the loss of grana but were recovered in silicon supplemented leaves. The proteomic study together with physiological analysis indicated that Si has a substantial role in upholding the hyperhydricity in in vitro grown carnation shoot cultures.

ACS Style

Sowbiya Muneer; Hao Wei; Yoo Gyeong Park; Hai Kyoung Jeong; Byoung Ryong Jeong. Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Dynamic Role of Silicon in Alleviation of Hyperhydricity in Carnation Grown In Vitro. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2017, 19, 50 .

AMA Style

Sowbiya Muneer, Hao Wei, Yoo Gyeong Park, Hai Kyoung Jeong, Byoung Ryong Jeong. Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Dynamic Role of Silicon in Alleviation of Hyperhydricity in Carnation Grown In Vitro. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 19 (1):50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sowbiya Muneer; Hao Wei; Yoo Gyeong Park; Hai Kyoung Jeong; Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2017. "Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Dynamic Role of Silicon in Alleviation of Hyperhydricity in Carnation Grown In Vitro." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 1: 50.