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Dr. Krishan K. Verma
Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs/ Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/ Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences

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0 Biotechnology
0 Plant Protection
0 Genetic improvement
0 Crop Improvement
0 Biotic Stresses

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Research article
Published: 20 July 2021 in ACS Omega
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Water stress may become one of the most inevitable factors in years to come regulating crop growth, development, and productivity globally. The application of eco-friendly stress mitigator may sustain physiological fitness of the plants as uptake and accumulation of silicon (Si) found to alleviate stress with plant performance. Our study focused on the mitigative effects of Si using calcium metasilicate (wollastonite powder, CaO·SiO2) in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) prior to the exposure of water stress created by the retention of 50–45% soil moisture capacity. Si (0, 50, 100, and 500 ppm L–1) was supplied through soil irrigation in S. officinarum L. grown at about half of the soil moisture capacity for a period of 90 days. Water stress impaired plant growth, biomass, leaf relative water content, SPAD value, photosynthetic pigments capacity, and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II. The levels of antioxidative defense-induced enzymes, viz., catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, enhanced. Silicon-treated plants expressed positive correlation with their performance index. A quadratic nonlinear relation observed between loss and gain (%) in physiological and biochemical parameters during water stress upon Si application. Si was found to be effective in restoring the water stress injuries integrated to facilitate the operation of antioxidant defense machinery in S. officinarum L. with improved plant performance index and photosynthetic carbon assimilation.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Dan-Dan Tian; Munna Singh; Chhedi Lal Verma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Anjney Sharma; Pratiksha Singh; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Yang-Rui Li. Investigation of Defensive Role of Silicon during Drought Stress Induced by Irrigation Capacity in Sugarcane: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics. ACS Omega 2021, 6, 19811 -19821.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Xiu-Peng Song, Dan-Dan Tian, Munna Singh, Chhedi Lal Verma, Vishnu D. Rajput, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Anjney Sharma, Pratiksha Singh, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Yang-Rui Li. Investigation of Defensive Role of Silicon during Drought Stress Induced by Irrigation Capacity in Sugarcane: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (30):19811-19821.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Dan-Dan Tian; Munna Singh; Chhedi Lal Verma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Anjney Sharma; Pratiksha Singh; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Yang-Rui Li. 2021. "Investigation of Defensive Role of Silicon during Drought Stress Induced by Irrigation Capacity in Sugarcane: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics." ACS Omega 6, no. 30: 19811-19821.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
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Plant cell and water relationship regulates morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics to optimize carboxylation for enhanced biomass yield in sugarcane. Insufficient water irrigation is one of the serious problems to impair potential yield of agriculturally important sugarcane cash crop by loss in plant performance. Our study aims to reveal consequences of foliar spray of silicon (Si) using calcium metasilicate powder (Wollastonite, CaO.SiO2) to alleviate the adverse effects of limited water irrigation in sugarcane. Silicon (0, 50, 100 and 500 ppm) was applied as foliar spray on normally grown 45 days old sugarcane plants. Further, these plants were raised at half field capacity (50%) using water irrigation precisely up to 90 days under open environmental variables. Consequently, restricted irrigation impaired plant growth-development, leaf relative water content (%), photosynthetic pigments, SPAD unit, photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll fluorescence variable yield (Fv/Fm) and biomass yield. Notably, it has enhanced values of proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidative defense enzyme molecules viz., catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The foliar spray of Si defended sugarcane plants from limited water irrigation stress as Si quenched harmful effect of water-deficit and also enhanced the operation of antioxidant defense machinery for improved sugarcane plant performance suitably favored stomatal dynamics for photosynthesis and plant productivity.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Yuan Zeng; Dao-Jun Guo; Munna Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Kai-Jun Wei; Anjney Sharma; Dong-Ping Li; Gan-Lin Chen; Yang-Rui Li. Foliar application of silicon boosts growth, photosynthetic leaf gas exchange, antioxidative response and resistance to limited water irrigation in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2021, 166, 582 -592.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Xiu-Peng Song, Yuan Zeng, Dao-Jun Guo, Munna Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Kai-Jun Wei, Anjney Sharma, Dong-Ping Li, Gan-Lin Chen, Yang-Rui Li. Foliar application of silicon boosts growth, photosynthetic leaf gas exchange, antioxidative response and resistance to limited water irrigation in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021; 166 ():582-592.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Yuan Zeng; Dao-Jun Guo; Munna Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Kai-Jun Wei; Anjney Sharma; Dong-Ping Li; Gan-Lin Chen; Yang-Rui Li. 2021. "Foliar application of silicon boosts growth, photosynthetic leaf gas exchange, antioxidative response and resistance to limited water irrigation in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 166, no. : 582-592.

Review
Published: 15 June 2021 in Plants
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Abiotic stress in plants is a crucial issue worldwide, especially heavy-metal contaminants, salinity, and drought. These stresses may raise a lot of issues such as the generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, loss of photosynthetic efficiency, etc. that could alter crop growth and developments by affecting biochemical, physiological, and molecular processes, causing a significant loss in productivity. To overcome the impact of these abiotic stressors, many strategies could be considered to support plant growth including the use of nanoparticles (NPs). However, the majority of studies have focused on understanding the toxicity of NPs on aquatic flora and fauna, and relatively less attention has been paid to the topic of the beneficial role of NPs in plants stress response, growth, and development. More scientific attention is required to understand the behavior of NPs on crops under these stress conditions. Therefore, the present work aims to comprehensively review the beneficial roles of NPs in plants under different abiotic stresses, especially heavy metals, salinity, and drought. This review provides deep insights about mechanisms of abiotic stress alleviation in plants under NP application.

ACS Style

Vishnu Rajput; Tatiana Minkina; Arpna Kumari; Harish; Vipin Singh; Krishan Verma; Saglara Mandzhieva; Svetlana Sushkova; Sudhakar Srivastava; Chetan Keswani. Coping with the Challenges of Abiotic Stress in Plants: New Dimensions in the Field Application of Nanoparticles. Plants 2021, 10, 1221 .

AMA Style

Vishnu Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Arpna Kumari, Harish, Vipin Singh, Krishan Verma, Saglara Mandzhieva, Svetlana Sushkova, Sudhakar Srivastava, Chetan Keswani. Coping with the Challenges of Abiotic Stress in Plants: New Dimensions in the Field Application of Nanoparticles. Plants. 2021; 10 (6):1221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vishnu Rajput; Tatiana Minkina; Arpna Kumari; Harish; Vipin Singh; Krishan Verma; Saglara Mandzhieva; Svetlana Sushkova; Sudhakar Srivastava; Chetan Keswani. 2021. "Coping with the Challenges of Abiotic Stress in Plants: New Dimensions in the Field Application of Nanoparticles." Plants 10, no. 6: 1221.

Review
Published: 26 March 2021 in Biology
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The stationary life of plants has led to the evolution of a complex gridded antioxidant defence system constituting numerous enzymatic components, playing a crucial role in overcoming various stress conditions. Mainly, these plant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferases (GST), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which work as part of the antioxidant defence system. These enzymes together form a complex set of mechanisms to minimise, buffer, and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. The present review is aimed at articulating the current understanding of each of these enzymatic components, with special attention on the role of each enzyme in response to the various environmental, especially abiotic stresses, their molecular characterisation, and reaction mechanisms. The role of the enzymatic defence system for plant health and development, their significance, and cross-talk mechanisms are discussed in detail. Additionally, the application of antioxidant enzymes in developing stress-tolerant transgenic plants are also discussed.

ACS Style

Vishnu Rajput; Harish; Rupesh Singh; Krishan Verma; Lav Sharma; Francisco Quiroz-Figueroa; Mukesh Meena; Vinod Gour; Tatiana Minkina; Svetlana Sushkova; Saglara Mandzhieva. Recent Developments in Enzymatic Antioxidant Defence Mechanism in Plants with Special Reference to Abiotic Stress. Biology 2021, 10, 267 .

AMA Style

Vishnu Rajput, Harish, Rupesh Singh, Krishan Verma, Lav Sharma, Francisco Quiroz-Figueroa, Mukesh Meena, Vinod Gour, Tatiana Minkina, Svetlana Sushkova, Saglara Mandzhieva. Recent Developments in Enzymatic Antioxidant Defence Mechanism in Plants with Special Reference to Abiotic Stress. Biology. 2021; 10 (4):267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vishnu Rajput; Harish; Rupesh Singh; Krishan Verma; Lav Sharma; Francisco Quiroz-Figueroa; Mukesh Meena; Vinod Gour; Tatiana Minkina; Svetlana Sushkova; Saglara Mandzhieva. 2021. "Recent Developments in Enzymatic Antioxidant Defence Mechanism in Plants with Special Reference to Abiotic Stress." Biology 10, no. 4: 267.

Research articles
Published: 08 February 2021 in Vegetos
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The effect of soil flooding on diurnal variations of photosynthetic responses were analysed in leaves of Jatropha curcas L. plant under open environmental variables. Due to decrease in diurnal stomatal opening and stomatal limitation, the photosynthesis was down regulated. Decrease in carbon uptake of flooded seedlings decreased stomatal opening and limitation. A hypothesis was developed to explain the diurnal variation of photosynthetic responses. From the hypothesized differential equation and prevailing boundary conditions a model was derived to explain the diurnal variations of photosynthetic response under control as well as flooded conditions. Numerical integration of derived model gave the cumulative photosynthetic responses at any time.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Chhedi Lal Verma; Munna Singh. Developing mathematical model for diurnal variations of photosynthetic responses in Jatropha curcas L. under soil flooding. Vegetos 2021, 34, 212 -219.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Chhedi Lal Verma, Munna Singh. Developing mathematical model for diurnal variations of photosynthetic responses in Jatropha curcas L. under soil flooding. Vegetos. 2021; 34 (1):212-219.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Chhedi Lal Verma; Munna Singh. 2021. "Developing mathematical model for diurnal variations of photosynthetic responses in Jatropha curcas L. under soil flooding." Vegetos 34, no. 1: 212-219.

Research article
Published: 08 January 2021 in ACS Omega
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Sufficient water and fertilizer inputs in agriculture play a major role in crop growth, production, and quality. In this study, the response of sugarcane to limited water irrigation and foliar application of potassium salt of active phosphorus (PSAP) for photosynthetic responses were examined, and PSAP’s role in limited water irrigation management was assessed. Sugarcane plants were subjected to limited irrigation (95–90 and 45–40% FC) after three months of germination, followed by a foliar spray (0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 M) of PSAP. The obtained results indicated that limited water irrigation negatively affected sugarcane growth and reduced leaf gas exchange activities. However, the application of PSAP increased the photosynthetic activities by protecting the photosynthetic machinery during unfavorable conditions. Mathematical modeling, a Skewed model, was developed and compared with the existing Gaussian model to describe the photosynthetic responses of sugarcane leaves under the limited irrigation with and without PSAP application. The models fitted well with the observed values, and the predicted photosynthetic parameters were in close relationship with the obtained results. The Skewed model was found to be better than the Gaussian model in describing the photosynthetic parameters of plant leaves positioned over a stem of limited water irrigation and applied PSAP application and is recommended for further application.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Chhedi Lal Verma; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Dao-Jun Guo; Vishnu D. Rajput; Anjney Sharma; Kai-Jun Wei; Gan-Lin Chen; Sushil Solomon; Yang-Rui Li. Predication of Photosynthetic Leaf Gas Exchange of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) Leaves in Response to Leaf Positions to Foliar Spray of Potassium Salt of Active Phosphorus under Limited Water Irrigation. ACS Omega 2021, 6, 2396 -2409.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Xiu-Peng Song, Chhedi Lal Verma, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Dao-Jun Guo, Vishnu D. Rajput, Anjney Sharma, Kai-Jun Wei, Gan-Lin Chen, Sushil Solomon, Yang-Rui Li. Predication of Photosynthetic Leaf Gas Exchange of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) Leaves in Response to Leaf Positions to Foliar Spray of Potassium Salt of Active Phosphorus under Limited Water Irrigation. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (3):2396-2409.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Chhedi Lal Verma; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Dao-Jun Guo; Vishnu D. Rajput; Anjney Sharma; Kai-Jun Wei; Gan-Lin Chen; Sushil Solomon; Yang-Rui Li. 2021. "Predication of Photosynthetic Leaf Gas Exchange of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) Leaves in Response to Leaf Positions to Foliar Spray of Potassium Salt of Active Phosphorus under Limited Water Irrigation." ACS Omega 6, no. 3: 2396-2409.

Review
Published: 08 December 2020 in Plants
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The current investigation aimed to present an overview of the conservation of biological diversity of rare and endangered plant species. Methods of biodiversity conservation as well as several overview recommendations for the preservation of various rare species have been considered. An overview of the taxa included in the red book has been presented on the example of the Russian Federation. Global and local codes and classifiers of plant rarity were also presented. Future prospects for the conservation of biological diversity and the creation and development of bioresource collections have been considered.

ACS Style

Vasiliy A. Chokheli; Pavel A. Dmitriev; Vishnu D. Rajput; Semyon D. Bakulin; Anatoly S. Azarov; Tatiana V. Varduni; Victoria V. Stepanenko; Sarieh Tarigholizadeh; Rupesh Kumar Singh; Krishan K. Verma; Tatiana M. Minkina. Recent Development in Micropropagation Techniques for Rare Plant Species. Plants 2020, 9, 1733 .

AMA Style

Vasiliy A. Chokheli, Pavel A. Dmitriev, Vishnu D. Rajput, Semyon D. Bakulin, Anatoly S. Azarov, Tatiana V. Varduni, Victoria V. Stepanenko, Sarieh Tarigholizadeh, Rupesh Kumar Singh, Krishan K. Verma, Tatiana M. Minkina. Recent Development in Micropropagation Techniques for Rare Plant Species. Plants. 2020; 9 (12):1733.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasiliy A. Chokheli; Pavel A. Dmitriev; Vishnu D. Rajput; Semyon D. Bakulin; Anatoly S. Azarov; Tatiana V. Varduni; Victoria V. Stepanenko; Sarieh Tarigholizadeh; Rupesh Kumar Singh; Krishan K. Verma; Tatiana M. Minkina. 2020. "Recent Development in Micropropagation Techniques for Rare Plant Species." Plants 9, no. 12: 1733.

Research article
Published: 17 November 2020 in ACS Omega
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This study aimed to explore the dynamic variations in the phenolic and volatile organic compounds of sugarcane vinegar subjected to different production processes. The determination of phenolic and volatile organic compounds was performed by UPLC-MS and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The complete fermentation process of sugarcane lasted nine days, and production of vinegar of up to 3.04% (w/v), total acids, and 4.1° alcoholicity was accomplished. Various phenolic compounds of sugarcane juice (non-sterilized) and those of alcoholic and acetic acid fermentation were obtained after nine days of fermentation. These were benzoic acid (2.024, 1.002, and 1.027 mg L–1), ferulic acid (0.060, 0.205, and 1.124 mg L–1), quinic acid (0.019, 0.074, and 0.031 mg L–1), chlorogenic acid (0.349, 1.635, and 1.217 mg L–1), apigenin (0.002, 0.099, and 0.004 mg L–1), kaempferol (0.003, 0.336, and 0.003 mg L–1), caffeic acid (−, 0.005, and 0.005 mg L–1), luteolin (0.003, 0.323, and 0.005 mg L–1), and p-coumaric acid (0.018, 0.015, and 0.027 mg L–1). Forty-five volatile organic compounds were also identified. The sugarcane juice can be commercialized as an alternative to wine as it presents characteristics of an alcoholic fermented beverage.

ACS Style

Gan-Lin Chen; Feng-Jin Zheng; Bo Lin; Shui-Bing Lao; Jie He; Zhi Huang; Yuan Zeng; Jian Sun; Krishan K. Verma. Phenolic and Volatile Compounds in the Production of Sugarcane Vinegar. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 30587 -30595.

AMA Style

Gan-Lin Chen, Feng-Jin Zheng, Bo Lin, Shui-Bing Lao, Jie He, Zhi Huang, Yuan Zeng, Jian Sun, Krishan K. Verma. Phenolic and Volatile Compounds in the Production of Sugarcane Vinegar. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (47):30587-30595.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gan-Lin Chen; Feng-Jin Zheng; Bo Lin; Shui-Bing Lao; Jie He; Zhi Huang; Yuan Zeng; Jian Sun; Krishan K. Verma. 2020. "Phenolic and Volatile Compounds in the Production of Sugarcane Vinegar." ACS Omega 5, no. 47: 30587-30595.

Journal article
Published: 27 October 2020 in PeerJ
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In the dynamic era of climate change, agricultural farming systems are facing various unprecedented problems worldwide. Drought stress is one of the serious abiotic stresses that hinder the growth potential and crop productivity. Silicon (Si) can improve crop yield by enhancing the efficiency of inputs and reducing relevant losses. As a quasi-essential element and the 2nd most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, Si is utilized by plants and applied exogenously to combat drought stress and improve plant performance by increasing physiological, cellular and molecular responses. However, the physiological mechanisms that respond to water stress are still not well defined in Saccharum officinarum plants. To the best of our knowledge, the dynamics of photosynthesis responsive to different exogenous Si levels in Saccharum officinarum has not been reported to date. The current experiment was carried out to assess the protective role of Si in plant growth and photosynthetic responses in Saccharum officinarum under water stress conditions. Saccharum officinarum cv. ‘GT 42’ plants were subjected to drought stress conditions (80–75%, 55–50% and 35–30% of soil moisture) after ten weeks of normal growth, followed by the soil irrigation of Si (0, 100, 300 and 500 mg L−1) for 8 weeks. The results indicated that Si addition mitigated the inhibition in Saccharum officinarum growth and photosynthesis, and improved biomass accumulation during water stress. The photosynthetic responses (photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance) were found down-regulated under water stress, and it was significantly enhanced by Si application. No phytotoxic effects were monitored even at excess (500 mg L−1). Soil irrigation of 300 mg L−1 of Si was more effective as 100 and 500 mg L−1 under water stress condition. It is concluded that the stress in Saccharum officinarum plants applied with Si was alleviated by improving plant fitness, photosynthetic capacity and biomass accumulation as compared with the control. Thus, this study offers new information towards the assessment of growth, biomass accumulation and physiological changes related to water stress with Si application in plants.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Kai-Chao Wu; Chhedi Lal Verma; Dong-Mei Li; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Gan-Lin Chen; Xiu Peng Song; Yang Rui Li. Developing mathematical model for diurnal dynamics of photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum responsive to different irrigation and silicon application. PeerJ 2020, 8, e10154 .

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Kai-Chao Wu, Chhedi Lal Verma, Dong-Mei Li, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Pratiksha Singh, Gan-Lin Chen, Xiu Peng Song, Yang Rui Li. Developing mathematical model for diurnal dynamics of photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum responsive to different irrigation and silicon application. PeerJ. 2020; 8 ():e10154.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Kai-Chao Wu; Chhedi Lal Verma; Dong-Mei Li; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Gan-Lin Chen; Xiu Peng Song; Yang Rui Li. 2020. "Developing mathematical model for diurnal dynamics of photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum responsive to different irrigation and silicon application." PeerJ 8, no. : e10154.

Research article
Published: 04 September 2020 in ACS Omega
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Silicon (Si) plays an important role in the sustainable agriculture industry. The increasing demand for crop production with a significant reduction of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticide use is a big challenge nowadays. The use of Si has been proven to be an environmentally sound way of enhancing crop productivity by facilitating plant growth and development through either a direct or indirect mechanism, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In particular, it has been investigated for its role in water stress management. The aim of the current experiment was to examine the protective role of Si in the photosynthetic capacity of different leaf segments and the ultrastructure of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarm) plants under water stress. Sugarcane cv. GT 42 plants were supplied with 0, 100, 300, and 500 mg L–1 Si and exposed for 60 days under each stress condition such as 100–95, 55–50, and 35–30% of field capacity. For the photosynthetic responses, each leaf was observed and separated into three equal parts (base, middle, and tip). We used intact leaves and were able to assess leaf photosynthetic responses. Under moderate and severe stress conditions, applied Si increased the photosynthesis (base, ∼16–143%; middle, 20–66%; and tip leaf part, 41–71%), transpiration rate (base, 15–97%; middle, 26–68%; and tip leaf part, 6–61%), and stomatal conductance (base, 26–137%; middle, 12–70%; and tip leaf part, 7–75%) in sugarcane plants. Ultrastructural examination of sugarcane leaves using scanning electron microscopy showed the remarkable effects on stomata ultrastructure. Silicon increased plant growth development, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass/yield, and promoted better adaptation of stomata to drought. This study suggests that the application of Si may be used to increase the stress tolerance of sugarcane plants.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Yuan Zeng; Dong-Mei Li; Dao-Jun Guo; Vishnu D. Rajput; Gan-Lin Chen; Anatoly Barakhov; Tatiana M. Minkina; Yang-Rui Li. Characteristics of Leaf Stomata and Their Relationship with Photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum Under Drought and Silicon Application. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 24145 -24153.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Xiu-Peng Song, Yuan Zeng, Dong-Mei Li, Dao-Jun Guo, Vishnu D. Rajput, Gan-Lin Chen, Anatoly Barakhov, Tatiana M. Minkina, Yang-Rui Li. Characteristics of Leaf Stomata and Their Relationship with Photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum Under Drought and Silicon Application. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (37):24145-24153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xiu-Peng Song; Yuan Zeng; Dong-Mei Li; Dao-Jun Guo; Vishnu D. Rajput; Gan-Lin Chen; Anatoly Barakhov; Tatiana M. Minkina; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Characteristics of Leaf Stomata and Their Relationship with Photosynthesis in Saccharum officinarum Under Drought and Silicon Application." ACS Omega 5, no. 37: 24145-24153.

Review
Published: 19 August 2020 in Plants
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Abiotic stresses are the major constraints in agricultural crop production across the globe. The use of some plant–microbe interactions are established as an environment friendly way of enhancing crop productivity, and improving plant development and tolerance to abiotic stresses by direct or indirect mechanisms. Silicon (Si) can also stimulate plant growth and mitigate environmental stresses, and it is not detrimental to plants and is devoid of environmental contamination even if applied in excess quantity. In the present review, we elaborate the interactive application of Si and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) as an ecologically sound practice to increase the plant growth rate in unfavorable situations, in the presence of abiotic stresses. Experiments investigating the combined use of Si and PGPRs on plants to cope with abiotic stresses can be helpful in the future for agricultural sustainability.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Dong-Mei Li; Munna Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Tatiana Minkina; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Yang-Rui Li. Interactive Role of Silicon and Plant–Rhizobacteria Mitigating Abiotic Stresses: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change. Plants 2020, 9, 1055 .

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Dong-Mei Li, Munna Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Tatiana Minkina, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Pratiksha Singh, Xiu-Peng Song, Yang-Rui Li. Interactive Role of Silicon and Plant–Rhizobacteria Mitigating Abiotic Stresses: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change. Plants. 2020; 9 (9):1055.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Dong-Mei Li; Munna Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Tatiana Minkina; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Interactive Role of Silicon and Plant–Rhizobacteria Mitigating Abiotic Stresses: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change." Plants 9, no. 9: 1055.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2020 in Plants
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Silicon (Si) is not categorized as a biologically essential element for plants, yet a great number of scientific reports have shown its significant effects in various crop plants and environmental variables. Plant Si plays biologically active role in plant life cycle, and the significant impact depends on its bioaccumulation in plant tissues or parts. In particular, it has been investigated for its involvement in limited irrigation management. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to examine the effect of Si application in eco-physiological, enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of sugarcane plants against water stress. Four irrigation levels, i.e., normal (100–95% of soil moisture), 80–75, 55–50, and 35–30% of soil moisture were treated for the sugarcane cultivar GT 42 plants supplied with 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg Si l−1 and exposed for 60 days after Si application. Under stress, reduction in plant length (~26–67%), leaf area-expansion (~7–51%), relative water content (~18–57%), leaf greenness (~12–35%), photosynthetic pigments (~12–67%), physiological responses such as photosynthesis (22–63%), stomatal conductance (~25–61%), and transpiration rate (~32–63%), and biomass production were observed in the plants without Si application. The drought condition also inhibited the activities of antioxidant enzymes like catalase (~10–52%), peroxidase (ca. 4–35), superoxide dismutase (10–44%) and enhanced proline (~73–410%), and malondialdehyde content (ca. 15–158%), respectively. However, addition of Si ameliorated drought induced damage in sugarcane plants. The findings suggest that the active involvement of Si in sugarcane responsive to water stress ranges from plant performance and physiological processes, to antioxidant defense systems.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Muhammad Anas; Zhongliang Chen; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Chhedi Lal Verma; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Yang-Rui Li. Silicon Supply Improves Leaf Gas Exchange, Antioxidant Defense System and Growth in Saccharum officinarum Responsive to Water Limitation. Plants 2020, 9, 1032 .

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Muhammad Anas, Zhongliang Chen, Vishnu D. Rajput, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Chhedi Lal Verma, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Pratiksha Singh, Xiu-Peng Song, Yang-Rui Li. Silicon Supply Improves Leaf Gas Exchange, Antioxidant Defense System and Growth in Saccharum officinarum Responsive to Water Limitation. Plants. 2020; 9 (8):1032.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Muhammad Anas; Zhongliang Chen; Vishnu D. Rajput; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Chhedi Lal Verma; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Silicon Supply Improves Leaf Gas Exchange, Antioxidant Defense System and Growth in Saccharum officinarum Responsive to Water Limitation." Plants 9, no. 8: 1032.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2020 in International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH
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English: Plant photosynthetic responses such as photosynthesis, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance are interrelated. There is a definite tendency for variability between photosynthetic responses and leaf positions at different branches. The variability is in the form of diurnal variations relative to the leaf positions of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance on the same branch of Jatropha curcas plants. This research paper presented shows that the correlation between plant photosynthetic responses through mathematical modeling. Through the proposed model, the characteristic of plant responses constants for jatropha plants were calculated and the different deviation from their observed value was calculated by calculating the different plant photosynthetic parameters. In the comparative study, the average deviation of the photosynthetic responses ranged from 1.69 - 13.21. This model can be easily used in calculating plant photosynthetic responses according to their leaf positions on the branches of other plants. Hindi: पादप कार्यिकी अनुक्रियायें यथा प्रकाश संश्लेषण, उत्स्वेदन एवं रंघ्रीय चालकता परस्पर सह संबंधित हैं। शाखाओं पर विभिन्न स्थितियों पर अवस्थित पर्णों के पादप कार्यिकी अनुक्रियाओं एवं पर्ण स्थिति के बीच परिवर्तनीयता की एक निश्चित प्रवृत्ति होती है। जट्रोफा की सरल शाखा पर स्थित विभिन्न पत्तियों के प्रकाश संश्लेषण, उत्स्वेदन दर एवं रंघ्री चालकता की पर्ण स्थिति के सापेक्ष परिवर्तनीयता एक घण्टाकृति के रूप में होती हैं। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में पादप कार्यिकी अनुक्रियाओं के परस्पर सह संबंध को गणितीय सूत्र के माध्यम से दर्शाया गया है। प्रस्तावित प्रतिदर्श के द्वारा जट्रोफा के लिये अभिलाक्षणिक पादप कार्यिकी युगल अनुक्रिया स्थिरांकों की गणना की गयी एवं उनसे विभिन्न पादप कार्यिकी अनुक्रियाओं की गणना करके उनके प्रेक्षित मान से प्रतिशत विचलन की गणना की गयी। तुलनात्मक अध्ययन में कलित पादप कार्यिकी अनुक्रियाओं का औसत विचलन 1.69 से 13.21% के...

ACS Style

Krishan Verma; Chedilal Verma; Munna Singh; Yash Pal Singh; Damodaran T.; A.K. Singh; Vinay Mishr. PREDICTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES BY MATHEMATICAL MODEL. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 2020, 8, 102 -120.

AMA Style

Krishan Verma, Chedilal Verma, Munna Singh, Yash Pal Singh, Damodaran T., A.K. Singh, Vinay Mishr. PREDICTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES BY MATHEMATICAL MODEL. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH. 2020; 8 (6):102-120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan Verma; Chedilal Verma; Munna Singh; Yash Pal Singh; Damodaran T.; A.K. Singh; Vinay Mishr. 2020. "PREDICTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES BY MATHEMATICAL MODEL." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 6: 102-120.

Journal article
Published: 18 May 2020 in BMC Plant Biology
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Background Nitrogen is an essential element for sugarcane growth and development and is generally applied in the form of urea often much more than at recommended rates, causing serious soil degradation, particularly soil acidification, as well as groundwater and air pollution. In spite of the importance of nitrogen for plant growth, fewer reports are available to understand the application and biological role of N2 fixing bacteria to improve N2 nutrition in the sugarcane plant. Results In this study, a total of 350 different bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheric soil samples of the sugarcane plants. Out of these, 22 isolates were selected based on plant growth promotion traits, biocontrol, and nitrogenase activity. The presence and activity of the nifH gene and the ability of nitrogen-fixation proved that all 22 selected strains have the ability to fix nitrogen. These strains were used to perform 16S rRNA and rpoB genes for their identification. The resulted amplicons were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was constructed. Among the screened strains for nitrogen fixation, CY5 (Bacillus megaterium) and CA1 (Bacillus mycoides) were the most prominent. These two strains were examined for functional diversity using Biolog phenotyping, which confirmed the consumption of diverse carbon and nitrogen sources and tolerance to low pH and osmotic stress. The inoculated bacterial strains colonized the sugarcane rhizosphere successfully and were mostly located in root and leaf. The expression of the nifH gene in both sugarcane varieties (GT11 and GXB9) inoculated with CY5 and CA1 was confirmed. The gene expression studies showed enhanced expression of genes of various enzymes such as catalase, phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase, superoxide dismutase, chitinase and glucanase in bacterial-inoculated sugarcane plants. Conclusion The results showed that a substantial number of Bacillus isolates have N-fixation and biocontrol property against two sugarcane pathogens Sporisorium scitamineum and Ceratocystis paradoxa. The increased activity of genes controlling free radical metabolism may at least in part accounts for the increased tolerance to pathogens. Nitrogen-fixation was confirmed in sugarcane inoculated with B. megaterium and B. mycoides strains using N-balance and 15N2 isotope dilution in different plant parts of sugarcane. This is the first report of Bacillus mycoides as a nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium in sugarcane.

ACS Style

Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Hai-Bi Li; Qi-Qi Song; Dao-Jun Guo; Manoj K. Solanki; Krishan K. Verma; Mukesh K. Malviya; Xiu-Peng Song; Prakash Lakshmanan; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. Diversity of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria associated with sugarcane: a comprehensive study of plant-microbe interactions for growth enhancement in Saccharum spp. BMC Plant Biology 2020, 20, 1 -21.

AMA Style

Rajesh Kumar Singh, Pratiksha Singh, Hai-Bi Li, Qi-Qi Song, Dao-Jun Guo, Manoj K. Solanki, Krishan K. Verma, Mukesh K. Malviya, Xiu-Peng Song, Prakash Lakshmanan, Li-Tao Yang, Yang-Rui Li. Diversity of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria associated with sugarcane: a comprehensive study of plant-microbe interactions for growth enhancement in Saccharum spp. BMC Plant Biology. 2020; 20 (1):1-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rajesh Kumar Singh; Pratiksha Singh; Hai-Bi Li; Qi-Qi Song; Dao-Jun Guo; Manoj K. Solanki; Krishan K. Verma; Mukesh K. Malviya; Xiu-Peng Song; Prakash Lakshmanan; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Diversity of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria associated with sugarcane: a comprehensive study of plant-microbe interactions for growth enhancement in Saccharum spp." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1: 1-21.

Review article
Published: 07 May 2020 in Sugar Tech
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Climatic variables are the main factors determining the crop productivity, and these undergo changes in the course of time. Though silicon (Si) is not an essential element for the plants, its significant role has been observed in various plant species. Use of silicon could stimulate plant growth and mitigate multiple stresses such as salinity, drought, heat, extreme temperature, metal toxicity and nutritional imbalance as well as the stress linked with changes in global climatic variables. Silicon can also delay leaf senescence. In addition, Si is not harmful to plants even when present in excess. Eco-friendly techniques would be needed for addressing the growing demands for food grains and other agricultural production. The use of Si would become a sustainable strategy for increasing crop yield, improving quality and mitigating abiotic stresses in the near future. This review highlights our current understanding on the use of silicon to mitigate abiotic stresses and enhance crop production.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Gan-Lin Chen; Sushil Solomon; Yang-Rui Li. Mitigating Climate Change for Sugarcane Improvement: Role of Silicon in Alleviating Abiotic Stresses. Sugar Tech 2020, 22, 741 -749.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Pratiksha Singh, Xiu-Peng Song, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Gan-Lin Chen, Sushil Solomon, Yang-Rui Li. Mitigating Climate Change for Sugarcane Improvement: Role of Silicon in Alleviating Abiotic Stresses. Sugar Tech. 2020; 22 (5):741-749.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Pratiksha Singh; Xiu-Peng Song; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Gan-Lin Chen; Sushil Solomon; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Mitigating Climate Change for Sugarcane Improvement: Role of Silicon in Alleviating Abiotic Stresses." Sugar Tech 22, no. 5: 741-749.

Research article
Published: 08 April 2020 in PLoS ONE
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The diazotrophic Burkholderia anthina MYSP113 is a vital plant growth-promoting bacteria and sugarcane root association. The present study based on a detailed analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome by using the HiSeq-Illumina platform in response to the strain MYSP113. The bacterium was initially isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane. To better understand biological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms, a de novo transcriptomic assembly of sugarcane root was performed. HiSeq-Illumina platformwas employed for the sequencing of an overall of 16 libraries at a 2×100 bp configuration. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis identified altered gene expression in 370 genes (total of 199 up-regulated genes and 171 down-regulated genes). Deciphering the huge datasets, concerning the functioning and production of biological systems, a high throughput genome sequencing analysis was attempted with Gene ontology functional analyses and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The report revealed a total of 148930 unigenes. 70414 (47.28%) of them were annotated successfully to Gene Ontology (GO) terms. 774 at 45 days, 4985 of 30 days and 15 days of 6846 terms were significantly regulated. GO analysis revealed that many genes involved in the metabolic, oxidation-reduction process and biological regulatory processes in response to strain MYSP113 and significantly enriched as compare to the control. Moreover, KEGG enriched results show that differentially expressed genes were classified into different pathway categories involved in various processes, such as nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, etc. The sample correlation analyses could help examine the similarity at the gene expression level. The reliability of the observed differential gene expression patterns was validated with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, plant enzymes activities such as peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased in plant roots after the inoculation of strain MYSP113. The results of the research may help in understanding the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plant interaction.

ACS Style

Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Chang-Ning Li; Manoj Kumar Solanki; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Reemon Htun; Pratiksha Singh; Krishan K. Verma; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. Comparative analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome in response to the plant growth-promoting Burkholderia anthina MYSP113. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0231206 .

AMA Style

Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Chang-Ning Li, Manoj Kumar Solanki, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Reemon Htun, Pratiksha Singh, Krishan K. Verma, Li-Tao Yang, Yang-Rui Li. Comparative analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome in response to the plant growth-promoting Burkholderia anthina MYSP113. PLoS ONE. 2020; 15 (4):e0231206.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Chang-Ning Li; Manoj Kumar Solanki; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Reemon Htun; Pratiksha Singh; Krishan K. Verma; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. 2020. "Comparative analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome in response to the plant growth-promoting Burkholderia anthina MYSP113." PLoS ONE 15, no. 4: e0231206.

Original paper
Published: 17 August 2019 in Silicon
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Increasing drought stress is one of the most limiting factors for agricultural crop productivity across the world. Silicon (Si) has been known to augment plant protection against drought stress. In this experiment, the responses of sugarcane with silicon application to drought stress for photosynthetic and biochemical activities were investigated. Three water regimes [75 ± 5, 50 ± 5 and 25 ± 5% of soil water content capacity (SWCC) from 70 to 115 days after transplanting] and six silicon levels such as 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g CaO.SiO2 pot−1 equivalent to 0, 194, 387, 581, 774 and 968 mg Si kg−1 soil, respectively, were applied. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design. It was found that water stressed plants with silicon application showed increasing trends in photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (~2–106%), stomatal conductance (~8–113%), transpiration (~13–274%) and chlorophyll fluorescence yield (~0.3–10%) of 75 ± 5, 50 ± 5 and 25 ± 5% of SWCC as compared to the controls without Si application. The silicon application improved the plant growth under water stress, accompanied with the up-regulation in leaf relative water content (~2–8%), photosynthetic pigments (~2–35%), activities of catalase (ca. 12–91%), peroxidase (ca. 7–30%) and superoxide dismutase (ca. 3–96%) enzymes. These results indicate that Si fertilizer plays an important role in mitigating the negative effects of drought stress on sugarcane plant growth by improving water status, photosynthetic parameters and activating the antioxidant machinery. Findings demonstrated the silicon application an efficient strategy to improve sugarcane tolerance to drought stress.

ACS Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xi-Hui Liu; Kai-Chao Wu; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Qi-Qi Song; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Xiu-Peng Song; Pratiksha Singh; Chhedi Lal Verma; Yang-Rui Li. The Impact of Silicon on Photosynthetic and Biochemical Responses of Sugarcane under Different Soil Moisture Levels. Silicon 2019, 12, 1355 -1367.

AMA Style

Krishan K. Verma, Xi-Hui Liu, Kai-Chao Wu, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Qi-Qi Song, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Xiu-Peng Song, Pratiksha Singh, Chhedi Lal Verma, Yang-Rui Li. The Impact of Silicon on Photosynthetic and Biochemical Responses of Sugarcane under Different Soil Moisture Levels. Silicon. 2019; 12 (6):1355-1367.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishan K. Verma; Xi-Hui Liu; Kai-Chao Wu; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Qi-Qi Song; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Xiu-Peng Song; Pratiksha Singh; Chhedi Lal Verma; Yang-Rui Li. 2019. "The Impact of Silicon on Photosynthetic and Biochemical Responses of Sugarcane under Different Soil Moisture Levels." Silicon 12, no. 6: 1355-1367.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Smut disease is caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, an important sugarcane fungal pathogen causing an extensive loss in yield and sugar quality. The available literature suggests that there are two types of smut resistance mechanisms: external resistance by physical or chemical barriers and intrinsic internal resistance mechanisms operating at host–pathogen interaction at cellular and molecular levels. The nature of smut resistance mechanisms, however, remains largely unknown. The present study investigated the changes in proteome occurring in two sugarcane varieties with contrasting susceptibility to smut—F134 and NCo310—at whip development stage after S. scitamineum infection. Total proteins from pathogen inoculated and uninoculated (control) leaves were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Protein identification was performed using BLASTp and tBLASTn against NCBI nonredundant protein databases and EST databases, respectively. A total of thirty proteins spots representing differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 16 from F134 and 14 from NCo310, were identified and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. In F134, 4 DEPs were upregulated and nine were downregulated, while, nine were upregulated and three were downregulated in NCo310. The DEPs were associated with DNA binding, metabolic processes, defense, stress response, photorespiration, protein refolding, chloroplast, nucleus and plasma membrane. Finally, the expression of CAT, SOD, and PAL with recognized roles in S. scitamineum infection in both sugarcane verities were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technique. Identification of genes critical for smut resistance in sugarcane will increase our knowledge of S. scitamineum-sugarcane interaction and help to develop molecular and conventional breeding strategies for variety improvement.

ACS Style

Pratiksha Singh; Qi-Qi Song; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Hai-Bi Li; Manoj Kumar Solanki; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Krishan Kumar Verma; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. Proteomic Analysis of the Resistance Mechanisms in Sugarcane during Sporisorium scitamineum Infection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 569 .

AMA Style

Pratiksha Singh, Qi-Qi Song, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Hai-Bi Li, Manoj Kumar Solanki, Mukesh Kumar Malviya, Krishan Kumar Verma, Li-Tao Yang, Yang-Rui Li. Proteomic Analysis of the Resistance Mechanisms in Sugarcane during Sporisorium scitamineum Infection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (3):569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pratiksha Singh; Qi-Qi Song; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Hai-Bi Li; Manoj Kumar Solanki; Mukesh Kumar Malviya; Krishan Kumar Verma; Li-Tao Yang; Yang-Rui Li. 2019. "Proteomic Analysis of the Resistance Mechanisms in Sugarcane during Sporisorium scitamineum Infection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 3: 569.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry
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ACS Style

Abhishek Kumar; Lallu; Munna Singh; Krishan Kumar Verma. Phytotoxicity of Fluoride in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Cultivars and its Effect on Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Traits. Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry 2016, 29, 219 .

AMA Style

Abhishek Kumar, Lallu, Munna Singh, Krishan Kumar Verma. Phytotoxicity of Fluoride in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Cultivars and its Effect on Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Traits. Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry. 2016; 29 (2):219.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abhishek Kumar; Lallu; Munna Singh; Krishan Kumar Verma. 2016. "Phytotoxicity of Fluoride in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Cultivars and its Effect on Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Traits." Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry 29, no. 2: 219.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry
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ACS Style

Abhishek Kumar; Munna Singh; Krishan Kumar Verma; Lallu. Fluoride Inhibits Root Water Transport and Affects Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Characteristics in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba). Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry 2016, 29, 227 .

AMA Style

Abhishek Kumar, Munna Singh, Krishan Kumar Verma, Lallu. Fluoride Inhibits Root Water Transport and Affects Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Characteristics in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba). Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry. 2016; 29 (2):227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abhishek Kumar; Munna Singh; Krishan Kumar Verma; Lallu. 2016. "Fluoride Inhibits Root Water Transport and Affects Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Characteristics in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry 29, no. 2: 227.